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Wang Z, Qu G, Ren Y, Chen X, Wang J, Lu P, Cheng M, Chu X, Yuan Y. Advances in the Research of Photo, Electrical, and Magnetic Responsive Smart Superhydrophobic Materials: Synthesis and Potential Applications. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300680. [PMID: 37712452 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid advancement of technology, the wettability of conventional superhydrophobic materials no longer suffice to meet the demands of practical applications. Intelligent responsive superhydrophobic materials have emerged as a highly sought-after material in various fields. The exceptional superhydrophobicity, reversible wetting, and intelligently controllable characteristics of these materials have led to extensive applications across industries, including industry, agriculture, defense, and medicine. Therefore, the development of intelligent superhydrophobic materials with superior performance, economic practicality, enhanced sensitivity, and controllability assumes utmost importance in advancing technology worldwide. This article provides a summary of the wettability principles of superhydrophobic surfaces and the mechanisms behind intelligent responsive superhydrophobicity. Furthermore, it reviews and analyzes the recent research progress on light, electric, and magnetic responsive superhydrophobic materials, encompassing aspects such as material synthesis, modification, performance, and responses under diverse external stimuli. The article also explores the challenges associated with different types of responsive superhydrophobic materials and the unique application prospects of light, electric, and magnetic responsive superhydrophobic materials. Additionally, it outlines the future directions for the development of intelligent responsive superhydrophobic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoliang Wang
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Guangfei Qu
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yuanchuan Ren
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Minhua Cheng
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiaomei Chu
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yongheng Yuan
- Faculty of environmental science and engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
- National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
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Zhang Z, He B, Han Q, He R, Ding Y, Han B, Ma ZC. Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing of Gecko-Inspired Switchable Adhesion Interfaces on a Flexible Substrate. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1742. [PMID: 37763905 PMCID: PMC10534918 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic switchable adhesion interfaces (BSAIs) with dynamic adhesion states have demonstrated significant advantages in micro-manipulation and bio-detection. Among them, gecko-inspired adhesives have garnered considerable attention due to their exceptional adaptability to extreme environments. However, their high adhesion strength poses challenges in achieving flexible control. Herein, we propose an elegant and efficient approach by fabricating three-dimensional mushroom-shaped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micropillars on a flexible PDMS substrate to mimic the bending and stretching of gecko footpads. The fabrication process that employs two-photon polymerization ensures high spatial resolution, resulting in micropillars with exquisite structures and ultra-smooth surfaces, even for tip/stem ratios exceeding 2 (a critical factor for maintaining adhesion strength). Furthermore, these adhesive structures display outstanding resilience, enduring 175% deformation and severe bending without collapse, ascribing to the excellent compatibility of the micropillar's composition and physical properties with the substrate. Our BSAIs can achieve highly controllable adhesion force and rapid manipulation of liquid droplets through mechanical bending and stretching of the PDMS substrate. By adjusting the spacing between the micropillars, precise control of adhesion strength is achieved. These intriguing properties make them promising candidates for various applications in the fields of microfluidics, micro-assembly, flexible electronics, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiang Zhang
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bingze He
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qingqing Han
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ruokun He
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuxuan Ding
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bing Han
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhuo-Chen Ma
- Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Institute of Medical Robotics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Bai X, Gou X, Zhang J, Liang J, Yang L, Wang S, Hou X, Chen F. A Review of Smart Superwetting Surfaces Based on Shape-Memory Micro/Nanostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206463. [PMID: 36609999 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired smart superwetting surfaces with special wettability have aroused great attention from fundamental research to technological applications including self-cleaning, oil-water separation, anti-icing/corrosion/fogging, drag reduction, cell engineering, liquid manipulation, and so on. However, most of the reported smart superwetting surfaces switch their wettability by reversibly changing surface chemistry rather than surface microstructure. Compared with surface chemistry, the regulation of surface microstructure is more difficult and can bring novel functions to the surfaces. As a kind of stimulus-responsive material, shape-memory polymer (SMP) has become an excellent candidate for preparing smart superwetting surfaces owing to its unique shape transformation property. This review systematically summarizes the recent progress of smart superwetting SMP surfaces including fabrication methods, smart superwetting phenomena, and related application fields. The smart superwettabilities, such as superhydrophobicity/superomniphobicity with tunable adhesion, reversible switching between superhydrophobicity and superhydrophilicity, switchable isotropic/anisotropic wetting, slippery surface with tunable wettability, and underwater superaerophobicity/superoleophobicity with tunable adhesion, can be obtained on SMP micro/nanostructures by regulating the surface morphology. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of smart superwetting SMP surfaces are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, 710016, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Gou
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lijing Yang
- Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, 710016, P. R. China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi'an, 710016, P. R. China
| | - Xun Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Wen T, Zhang C, Gong Y, Liu Z, Zhao W, Zhan Y, Zhang C, Wang K, Bai J. High-Durability Photothermal Slippery Surfaces for Droplet Manipulation Based on Ultraviolet Lithography. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051132. [PMID: 36904376 PMCID: PMC10007373 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Photothermal slippery surface has broad applications in many research fields for noncontacting, loss-free, and flexible droplet manipulation capability. In this work, with specific morphologic parameters and modified base materials doped by Fe3O4, a high-durability photothermal slippery surface (HD-PTSS) was proposed and implemented based on ultraviolet (UV) lithography to achieve repeatability of more than 600 cycles. The instantaneous response time and transport speed of HD-PTSS were related to near-infrared ray (NIR) powers and droplet volume. Meanwhile, the durability was closely related to the morphology of HD-PTSS, which impacts the recovering of a lubricant layer. The droplet manipulation mechanism of HD-PTSS was discussed in depth, and the Marangoni effect was found to be the key factor for the durability of HD-PTSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
- Institute of Photonics & Photon Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (J.B.)
| | - Yanyan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Zezhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Yongjie Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
- Institute of Photonics & Photon Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Kaige Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
- Institute of Photonics & Photon Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Jintao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy, Xi’an 710069, China
- International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional Materials, Xi’an 710069, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Technology in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710069, China
- Institute of Photonics & Photon Technology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (J.B.)
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Preparation of a Lotus-Leaf-Like Coating with Robust Super-Hydrophobicity and UV-Resistant Ability. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02522-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Peng Y, Shang J, Liu C, Zhao S, Huang C, Bai Y, Li Y. A universal replica molding strategy based on natural bio-templates for fabrication of robust superhydrophobic surfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Li Y, He Y, Zhuang J, Shi H. Design of a simple nanoscale hydrophilic-hydrophobic heterojunction system with under-liquid dual superlyophobicity for application in controllable droplet-based microreactor system and oil/water emulsions separation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yang C, Zeng Q, Huang J, Guo Z. Droplet manipulation on superhydrophobic surfaces based on external stimulation: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 306:102724. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Bai X, Yang Q, Li H, Huo J, Liang J, Hou X, Chen F. Sunlight Recovering the Superhydrophobicity of a Femtosecond Laser-Structured Shape-Memory Polymer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4645-4656. [PMID: 35378041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces have aroused increasing attentions in the fields of self-cleaning, anti-fouling, heat transfer, etc. However, one of the major problems of the artificial superhydrophobic surface in practical applications is the poor durability. Inspired by the self-healing property of nature organism, we developed a sunlight-driven recoverable superhydrophobic surface by femtosecond laser constructing micropillar array on the surface of the photo-responsive shape-memory polymer (SMP). The photo-responsive SMP composite was prepared by adding reduced graphene oxide (RGO) into thermal-responsive SMP matrix. Due to the excellent sunlight-to-heat transformation property of RGO, the temperature of the as-fabricated RGO-SMP composite could be rapidly increased above the shape transformation temperature of the RGO-SMP under one sunlight irradiation. Once the micropillar array of the RGO-SMP composite was deformed by pressing or stretching treatments, the surface would lose superhydrophobicity. Upon sunlight irradiation, the surface morphology and the wettability of the RGO-SMP micropillars could completely recover to the original states. Meanwhile, this reversible morphology and wettability transformation process could be repeated multiple times. We envision that such a sunlight-recoverable superhydrophobic surface will have great applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Haoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Jinglan Huo
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Jie Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xun Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
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Yong J, Yang Q, Hou X, Chen F. Emerging Separation Applications of Surface Superwettability. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040688. [PMID: 35215017 PMCID: PMC8878479 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human beings are facing severe global environmental problems and sustainable development problems. Effective separation technology plays an essential role in solving these challenges. In the past decades, superwettability (e.g., superhydrophobicity and underwater superoleophobicity) has succeeded in achieving oil/water separation. The mixture of oil and water is just the tip of the iceberg of the mixtures that need to be separated, so the wettability-based separation strategy should be extended to treat other kinds of liquid/liquid or liquid/gas mixtures. This review aims at generalizing the approach of the well-developed oil/water separation to separate various multiphase mixtures based on the surface superwettability. Superhydrophobic and even superoleophobic surface microstructures have liquid-repellent properties, making different liquids keep away from them. Inspired by the process of oil/water separation, liquid polymers can be separated from water by using underwater superpolymphobic materials. Meanwhile, the underwater superaerophobic and superaerophilic porous materials are successfully used to collect or remove gas bubbles in a liquid, thus achieving liquid/gas separation. We believe that the diversified wettability-based separation methods can be potentially applied in industrial manufacture, energy use, environmental protection, agricultural production, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Yong
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (J.Y.); (X.H.)
| | - Qing Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
| | - Xun Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (J.Y.); (X.H.)
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology for Information, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (J.Y.); (X.H.)
- Correspondence:
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