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Meyer Q, Yang C, Cheng Y, Zhao C. Overcoming the Electrode Challenges of High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00180-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
AbstractProton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are becoming a major part of a greener and more sustainable future. However, the costs of high-purity hydrogen and noble metal catalysts alongside the complexity of the PEMFC system severely hamper their commercialization. Operating PEMFCs at high temperatures (HT-PEMFCs, above 120 °C) brings several advantages, such as increased tolerance to contaminants, more affordable catalysts, and operations without liquid water, hence considerably simplifying the system. While recent progresses in proton exchange membranes for HT-PEMFCs have made this technology more viable, the HT-PEMFC viscous acid electrolyte lowers the active site utilization by unevenly diffusing into the catalyst layer while it acutely poisons the catalytic sites. In recent years, the synthesis of platinum group metal (PGM) and PGM-free catalysts with higher acid tolerance and phosphate-promoted oxygen reduction reaction, in conjunction with the design of catalyst layers with improved acid distribution and more triple-phase boundaries, has provided great opportunities for more efficient HT-PEMFCs. The progress in these two interconnected fields is reviewed here, with recommendations for the most promising routes worthy of further investigation. Using these approaches, the performance and durability of HT-PEMFCs will be significantly improved.
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Huang G, Li Y, Tao L, Huang Z, Kong Z, Xie C, Du S, Wang T, Wu Y, Liu Q, Zhang D, Lin J, Li M, Wang J, Zhang J, Lu S, Cheng Y, Wang S. Durable High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Enabled by the Working-Temperature-Matching Palladium-Hydrogen Buffer Layer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215177. [PMID: 36308282 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The durability degradation during stack-operating conditions seriously deteriorates the lifetime and performance of the fuel cell. To alleviate the rapid potential rise and performance degradation, an anode design is proposed to match the working temperature of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) with the release temperature of hydrogen from palladium. The result is significantly enhanced hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) activity of Pd and superior performance of the Pd anode. Furthermore, Pd as hydrogen buffer and oxygen absorbent layer in the anode can provide additional in situ hydrogen and absorb infiltrated oxygen during local fuel starvation to maintain HOR and suppress reverse-current degradation. Compared with the traditional Pt/C anode, the Pd/C also greatly improved HT-PEMFCs durability during start-up/shut-down and current mutation. The storage/release of hydrogen provides innovative guidance for improving the durability of PEMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Li Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhijie Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shiqian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Tehua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Dongcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Miaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shanfu Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, 030031, P. R. China
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centre in Changsha, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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