Visible-light-mediated tungsten-catalyzed C-H amination of unactivated alkanes with nitroarenes

Electrochemical deoxygenative amination of stabilized alkyl radicals from activated alcohols

Alkylamine structures represent one of the most functional and widely used in organic synthesis and drug design. However, the general methods for the functionalization of the shielded and deshielded alkyl radicals remain elusive. Here, we report a general deoxygenative amination protocol using alcohol-derived carbazates and nitrobenzene under electrochemical conditions. A range of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylamines are obtained. This practical procedure can be scaled up through electrochemical continuous flow technique.

Tetrabutylammonium decatungstate (TBADT), a compelling and trailblazing catalyst for visible-light-induced organic photocatalysis

Tetrabutylammonium decatungstate (TBADT) has recently emerged as an intriguing photocatalyst under visible-light or near-visible-light irradiation in a wide range of organic reactions that were previously not conceivable. Given its ability to absorb visible light and excellent effectiveness in activating unactivated chemical bonds, it is a promising addition to traditional photocatalysts. This review covers some of the contemporary developments in visible-light or near-visible-light photocatalysis reactions enabled by the TBADT catalyst to 2023, with the contents organized by reaction type.

Recent advances of decatungstate photocatalyst in HAT process

The decatungstate anion (W10O324-) appears to exhibit especially interesting properties as a photocatalyst. Because of its unique photocatalytic properties, it is now recognised as a promising tool in organic chemistry. This study examines recent advances in decatungstate chemistry, primarily concerned with synthetic and, to some degree, mechanistic challenges. In this short review we have selected to give a number of illustrative examples that demonstrate the various applications of decatungstate in the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process.

Nickel-Catalyzed Amination of Alkyl Electrophiles

Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution SN2 is the earliest and most important means of amination of alkyl electrophiles; its practical utilization is largely limited to primary or activated substrates. Furthermore, a persistent challenge lies in establishing C(sp3)-N bonds from alkyl substrates in cross-coupling chemistry using palladium and nickel catalysts. Therefore, the methods of constructing C(sp3)-N bonds remain rare from alkyl electrophiles. The existing routes are limited to copper catalysis and photoredox catalysis. Here, we demonstrate an alternative amination strategy for rapid construction of C(sp3)-N bonds from accessible alkyl electrophiles, which were used as radical precursors under nickel catalysis by Ni (III) species reductive eliminations in high efficiency.

Mild Amide Synthesis Using Nitrobenzene under Neutral Conditions

Amide synthesis is one of the most important transformations in organic chemistry due to the broad application in pharmaceutical drugs and organic materials. In this report, we describe a mild protocol for amide formation using the readily available nitroarenes as nitrogen sources and an inexpensive iron complex as a catalyst. Because of the use of the pH-neutral conditions and the avoidance of the strong oxidant or reductant, a wide range of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes as well as nitroarenes with various functional groups could be tolerated well. A plausible mechanism is proposed based on the detailed studies, in which iron catalyst initiates the radical process and the solvent plays a key role as O-atom acceptor.

Copper-promoted cross-coupling of nitroarenes with 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines using a peroxide-driven radical reductive strategy

Direct radical-mediated reductive coupling of nitroarenes with 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines to build the C(sp3)–N bond using 4-alkyl-1,4-dihydropyridines as internal reducing agents and alkyl sources is presented.

Neutrally Photoinduced MgCl2-Catalyzed Alkenylation and Imidoylation of Alkanes

We report a practical protocol for oxidation of the chloride ion (Cl-) to chlorine radical (Cl.) via a photoinduced MgCl2 catalysis, avoiding the use of strong acid, formal oxidant, and...

Manganese-mediated reductive N,N-dialkylation of nitroarenes: a dramatic NiI2 effect

A dramatic NiI2 effect has been found for Mn-mediated reductive N,N-dialkylation of nitroaromatics.