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Drp1-Mediated Mitochondrial Metabolic Dysfunction Inhibits the Tumor Growth of Pituitary Adenomas. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5652586. [PMID: 35368865 PMCID: PMC8967574 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5652586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic changes have been suggested to be a hallmark of tumors and are closely associated with tumorigenesis. In a previous study, we demonstrated the role of lactate dehydrogenase in regulating abnormal glucose metabolism in pituitary adenomas (PA). As the key organelle of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), mitochondria play a vital role in the energy supply for tumor cells. However, few attempts have been made to elucidate mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis in PA. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is a member of the dynamin superfamily of GTPases, which mediates mitochondrial fission. This study is aimed at investigating whether Drp1 affects the progression of PA through abnormal mitochondrial metabolism. We analyzed the expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in 20 surgical PA samples. The effects of Drp1 on PA growth were assessed in vitro and in xenograft models. We found an upregulation of Drp1 in PA samples with a low proliferation index. Knockdown or inhibition of Drp1 enhanced the proliferation of PA cell lines in vitro, while overexpression of Drp1 could reversed such effects. Mechanistically, overexpressed Drp1 damaged mitochondria by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induced mitochondrial OXPHOS inhibition and decline of ATP production. The energy deficiency inhibited proliferation of PA cells. In addition, overexpressed Drp1 promoted cytochrome c release from damaged mitochondria into the cytoplasm and then activated the downstream caspase apoptotic cascade reaction, which induced apoptosis of PA cells. Moreover, the decreased ATP production induced by Drp1 overexpressing activated the AMPK cellular energy stress sensor and enhanced autophagy through the AMPK-ULK1 pathway, which might play a protective role in PA growth. Furthermore, overexpression of Drp1 repressed PA growth in vivo. Our data indicates that Drp1-mediated mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction inhibits PA growth by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Selectively targeting mitochondrial metabolic homeostasis stands out as a promising antineoplastic strategy for PA therapy.
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Liu G, Liu G, Cui X, Xu Y. Transcriptomic Data Analyses Reveal a Reprogramed Lipid Metabolism in HCV-Derived Hepatocellular Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:581863. [PMID: 33195224 PMCID: PMC7652758 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.581863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprograming lipid metabolism, one of the major metabolic alterations in cancer, is believed to play an essential role in cancer development, but the exact molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we present a computational study of transcriptomic data of HCC with HCV etiology to investigate how lipid metabolism alters during HCC progression. Our analyses reveal that: (1) cancer tissue cells tend to synthesize fatty acids de novo and its phospholipid derivatives; (2) lipid catabolism and fatty acid oxidation are remarkably down-regulated in HCC; (3) the lipid metabolism in HCC is largely independent of lipids in blood circulation; (4) stage-specific co-expression networks for lipid metabolic genes were identified during HCC progression; and (5) the expression levels of several lipid metabolic genes that are differentially expressed or co-expressed specifically at the HCC stage have a strong correlation with cancer survival. Overall, the results provide detailed information about the reprogramed lipid metabolism in HCV-derived HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China.,Cancer System Biology Center, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guojun Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China.,School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Xiangjun Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Cancer System Biology Center, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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3
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Feng J, Gao H, Zhang Q, Zhou Y, Li C, Zhao S, Hong L, Yang J, Hao S, Hong W, Zhuang Z, Xu G, Zhang Y. Metabolic profiling reveals distinct metabolic alterations in different subtypes of pituitary adenomas and confers therapeutic targets. J Transl Med 2019; 17:291. [PMID: 31455412 PMCID: PMC6712670 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pituitary adenomas are common brain tumors. Although transsphenoidal surgery are able to achieve extensive tumor removal, the rate of recurrence ranges from 5 to 20% depending on the different subtype. Further understanding of these tumors is needed to develop novel strategies to improve the prognosis of patients. But their metabolic characteristics are largely unknown. METHODS We used metabolomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic approaches to systematically investigate eight subtypes of pituitary adenomas and normal pituitary glands. By blocking IDH2, we investigate IDH2 play an inhibitory role in GH tumor cell growth and tumor secretion. RESULTS We found that all of the pituitary adenomas displayed downregulated glucose metabolism and glycolysis compared to normal tissues. Together with the differences in amino acids and fatty acids, we categorized these tumors into three clusters. We then re-established the reprogrammed metabolic flux in pituitary adenomas based on multiomic analyses. Take growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas as an example, we revealed that IDH2 is a key player in the reprogrammed metabolism of such tumors. By blocking IDH2, we confirmed that IDH2 is a potential target for the inhibition of tumor cell growth and tumor secretion. CONCLUSIONS Our study first uncovered the metabolic landscape of pituitary adenomas and demonstrated a possible way to inhibit tumor growth by regulating aberrant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuzhong Li
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Sida Zhao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lichuan Hong
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jinjin Yang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuyu Hao
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wan Hong
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhengping Zhuang
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yazhuo Zhang
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Brain Tumor Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100050, China.
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4
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The Warburg effect and glucose-derived cancer theranostics. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1637-1653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Morais M, Dias F, Teixeira AL, Medeiros R. MicroRNAs and altered metabolism of clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Potential role as aerobic glycolysis biomarkers. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:2175-2185. [PMID: 28579513 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Warburg Effect is a metabolic switch that occurs in most of cancer cells but its advantages are not fully understood. This switch is known to happen in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which is the most common solid cancer of the adult kidney. RCC carcinogenesis is related to pVHL loss and Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) activation, ultimately leading to the activation of several genes related to glycolysis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression at a post-transcriptional level and are also deregulated in several cancers, including RCC. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review focuses in the miRNAs that direct target enzymes involved in glycolysis and that are deregulated in several cancers. It also reviews the possible application of miRNAs in the improvement of clinical patients' management. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Several miRNAs that direct target enzymes involved in glycolysis are downregulated in cancer, strongly influencing the Warburg Effect. Due to this strong influence, FDG-PET can possibly benefit from measurement of these miRNAs. Restoring their levels can also bring an improvement to the current therapies. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Despite being known for almost a hundred years, the Warburg Effect is not fully understood. MiRNAs are now known to be intrinsically connected with this effect and present an opportunity to understand it. They also open a new door to improve current diagnosis and prognosis tests as well as to complement current therapies. This is urgent for cancers like RCC, mostly due to the lack of an efficient screening test for early relapse detection and follow-up and the development of resistance to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Morais
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Dias
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal; Research Department, LPCC-Portuguese League, Against Cancer (NRNorte), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana L Teixeira
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal; Research Department, LPCC-Portuguese League, Against Cancer (NRNorte), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto), Porto, Portugal; Research Department, LPCC-Portuguese League, Against Cancer (NRNorte), Porto, Portugal; CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal; FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal.
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Cimmino F, Pezone L, Avitabile M, Persano L, Vitale M, Sassi M, Bresolin S, Serafin V, Zambrano N, Scaloni A, Basso G, Iolascon A, Capasso M. Proteomic Alterations in Response to Hypoxia Inducible Factor 2α in Normoxic Neuroblastoma Cells. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:3643-3655. [PMID: 27596920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α protein expression in solid tumors promotes stem-like phenotype in cancer stem cells and increases tumorigenic potential in nonstem cancer cells. Recently, we have shown that HIF-1/2α gene expression is correlated to neuroblastoma (NB) poor survival and to undifferentiated tumor state; HIF-2α protein was demonstrated to enhance aggressive features of the disease. In this study, we used proteomic experiments on NB cells to investigate HIF-2α downstream-regulated proteins or pathways with the aim of providing novel therapeutic targets or bad prognosis markers. We verified that pathways mostly altered by HIF-2α perturbation are involved in tumor progression. In particular, HIF-2α induces alteration of central metabolism and splicing control pathways. Simultaneously, WNT, RAS/MAPK, and PI3K/AKT activity or expression are affected and may impact the sensitivity and the intensity of HIF-2α-regulated pathways. Furthermore, genes coding the identified HIF-2α-related markers built a signature able to stratify NB patients with unfavorable outcome. Taken together, our findings underline the relevance of dissecting the downstream effects of a poor survival marker in developing targeted therapy and improving patient stratification. Future prospective studies are needed to translate the use of these data into the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Cimmino
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Pezone
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy.,Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Verona , 37129 Verona, Italy
| | - Marianna Avitabile
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Persano
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza - IRP , 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Vitale
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Mauro Sassi
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council , 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Bresolin
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Università degli Studi di Padova , 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Serafin
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Università degli Studi di Padova , 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Zambrano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council , 80147 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Università degli Studi di Padova , 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Achille Iolascon
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II" , via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate , Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
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7
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Voelxen NF, Walenta S, Proescholdt M, Dettmer K, Pusch S, Mueller-Klieser W. Quantitative Imaging of D-2-Hydroxyglutarate in Selected Histological Tissue Areas by a Novel Bioluminescence Technique. Front Oncol 2016; 6:46. [PMID: 27014623 PMCID: PMC4779886 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with malignant gliomas have a poor prognosis with average survival of less than 1 year. Whereas in other tumor entities the characteristics of tumor metabolism are successfully used for therapeutic approaches, such developments are very rare in brain tumors, notably in gliomas. One metabolic feature characteristic of gliomas, in particular diffuse astrocytomas and oligodendroglial tumors, is the variable content of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D2HG), a metabolite that was discovered first in this tumor entity. D2HG is generated in large amounts due to various “gain-of-function” mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenases IDH1 and IDH2. Meanwhile, D2HG has been detected in several other tumor entities, including intrahepatic bile-duct cancer, chondrosarcoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. D2HG is barely detectable in healthy tissue (<0.1 mM), but its concentration increases up to 35 mM in malignant tumor tissues. Consequently, the “oncometabolite” D2HG has gained increasing interest in the field of tumor metabolism. To facilitate its quantitative measurement without loss of spatial resolution at a microscopical level, we have developed a novel bioluminescence assay for determining D2HG in sections of snap-frozen tissue. The assay was verified independently by photometric tests and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The novel technique allows the microscopically resolved determination of D2HG in a concentration range of 0–10 μmol/g tissue (wet weight). In combination with the already established bioluminescence imaging techniques for ATP, glucose, pyruvate, and lactate, the novel D2HG assay enables a comparative characterization of the metabolic profile of individual tumors in a further dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine F Voelxen
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Stefan Walenta
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Martin Proescholdt
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
| | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany
| | - Stefan Pusch
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Mueller-Klieser
- Institute of Pathophysiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
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8
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Yang J, Cheng D, Zhu B, Zhou S, Ying T, Yang Q. Chromobox Homolog 4 is Positively Correlated to Tumor Growth, Survival and Activation of HIF-1α Signaling in Human Osteosarcoma under Normoxic Condition. J Cancer 2016; 7:427-35. [PMID: 26918056 PMCID: PMC4749363 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The clinical significance and tumorigenesis of Chromobox homolog 4 (CBX4) have been reported in hepatocellular carcinoma. The purpose of this study is to confirm the expression, elucidate the biological function and investigate the potential mechanism of CBX4 in osteosarcoma (OS). Methods: The expression of CBX4 in OS samples and cell lines was measured by RT-PCR and western blot test. Cell cycle, CCK8 and colony-forming assays were used to detect changes of cells growth. Cell apoptosis assay was used to measure cell survival capacity. Trans-well assay was used to test the activities of migration and invasion. The expression of genes regulated by CBX4 was detected by qRT-PCT test. Results: The expression of CBX4 was up-regulated in multiple OS cell lines and clinical samples. Overexpression of CBX4 was correlated with advanced clinical stage, high degree of malignancy and low tumor necrosis rate. Moreover, knockdown of CBX4 resulted in significant inhibition of cell growth and cell survival in OS cells under normoxic condition. In addition, we found that knockdown of CBX4 lead to down-regulating of HIF-1α-targeted genes without changing HIF-1α expression itself. Conclusion: Taken together, CBX4 is up-regulated and has a pro-tumor effect in OS with an activation of HIF-1α signaling pathway under normoxic condition. Therefore, targeting CBX4 may provide a new therapeutic method for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielai Yang
- 1. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Dongdong Cheng
- 1. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- 1. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shumin Zhou
- 2. Institute of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Tao Ying
- 3. Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qingcheng Yang
- 1. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
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A holistic view of cancer bioenergetics: mitochondrial function and respiration play fundamental roles in the development and progression of diverse tumors. Clin Transl Med 2016; 5:3. [PMID: 26812134 PMCID: PMC4728164 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since Otto Warburg made the first observation that tumor cells exhibit altered metabolism and bioenergetics in the 1920s, many scientists have tried to further the understanding of tumor bioenergetics. Particularly, in the past decade, the application of the state-of the-art metabolomics and genomics technologies has revealed the remarkable plasticity of tumor metabolism and bioenergetics. Firstly, a wide array of tumor cells have been shown to be able to use not only glucose, but also glutamine for generating cellular energy, reducing power, and metabolic building blocks for biosynthesis. Secondly, many types of cancer cells generate most of their cellular energy via mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. Glutamine is the preferred substrate for oxidative phosphorylation in tumor cells. Thirdly, tumor cells exhibit remarkable versatility in using bioenergetics substrates. Notably, tumor cells can use metabolic substrates donated by stromal cells for cellular energy generation via oxidative phosphorylation. Further, it has been shown that mitochondrial transfer is a critical mechanism for tumor cells with defective mitochondria to restore oxidative phosphorylation. The restoration is necessary for tumor cells to gain tumorigenic and metastatic potential. It is also worth noting that heme is essential for the biogenesis and proper functioning of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Hence, it is not surprising that recent experimental data showed that heme flux and function are elevated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and that elevated heme function promotes intensified oxygen consumption, thereby fueling tumor cell proliferation and function. Finally, emerging evidence increasingly suggests that clonal evolution and tumor genetic heterogeneity contribute to bioenergetic versatility of tumor cells, as well as tumor recurrence and drug resistance. Although mutations are found only in several metabolic enzymes in tumors, diverse mutations in signaling pathways and networks can cause changes in the expression and activity of metabolic enzymes, which likely enable tumor cells to gain their bioenergetic versatility. A better understanding of tumor bioenergetics should provide a more holistic approach to investigate cancer biology and therapeutics. This review therefore attempts to comprehensively consider and summarize the experimental data supporting our latest view of cancer bioenergetics.
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10
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Elucidating Metabolic and Epigenetic Mechanisms that Regulate Liver Regeneration. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-015-0065-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Sumoylation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α and its significance in cancer. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:657-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4685-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Li J, Xu Y, Long XD, Wang W, Jiao HK, Mei Z, Yin QQ, Ma LN, Zhou AW, Wang LS, Yao M, Xia Q, Chen GQ. Cbx4 governs HIF-1α to potentiate angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by its SUMO E3 ligase activity. Cancer Cell 2014; 25:118-31. [PMID: 24434214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cbx4 is a polycomb group protein that is also a SUMO E3 ligase, but its potential roles in tumorigenesis remain to be explored. Here, we report that Cbx4, but not other members of the Cbx family, enhances hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and angiogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells through enhancing HIF-1α sumoylations at K391 and K477 in its two SUMO-interacting motifs-dependent mechanisms and increasing transcriptional activity of HIF-1. The Cbx4 expression is significantly correlated with VEGF expression, angiogenesis, and the overall survival of HCC patients and also in subcutaneously and orthotopically transplanted mice HCC models. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that Cbx4 plays a critical role in tumor angiogenesis by governing HIF-1α protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences and SJTU-SM, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xi-Dai Long
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Department of Liver Surgery, Ren-Ji Hospital, SJTU-SM, Shanghai 200021, China; Department of Pathology, Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guang-Xi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hui-Ke Jiao
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences and SJTU-SM, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhu Mei
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qian-Qian Yin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences and SJTU-SM, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Li-Na Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ai-Wu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Li-Shun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ming Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Department of Liver Surgery, Ren-Ji Hospital, SJTU-SM, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Department of Liver Surgery, Ren-Ji Hospital, SJTU-SM, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China; Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences and SJTU-SM, Shanghai 200025, China.
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