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Wang P, Wang M, Zhang L, Zhong S, Jiang W, Wang Z, Sun C, Zhang S, Liu Z. Functional characterization of an orexin neuropeptide in amphioxus reveals an ancient origin of orexin/orexin receptor system in chordate. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:1655-1669. [PMID: 30945108 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-018-9421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Amphioxus belongs to the subphylum cephalochordata, an extant representative of the most basal chordates, whose regulation of endocrine system remains ambiguous. Here we clearly demonstrated the existence of a functional orexin neuropeptide in amphioxus, which is able to interact with orexin receptor, activate both PKC and PKA pathways, decrease leptin expression, and stimulate lipogenesis. We also showed the transcription level of amphioxus orexin was affected by fasting or temperature, indicating a role of this gene in the regulation of energy balance. In addition, the expression of the amphioxus orexin was detected at cerebral vesicle, which has been proposed to be a homolog of the vertebrate brain. These data collectively suggest that a functional orexin neuropeptide has already emerged in amphioxus, which provide insights into the evolutionary origin of orexin in chordate and the functional homology between the cerebral vesicle and vertebrate brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shenjie Zhong
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wanyue Jiang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shicui Zhang
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Zhenhui Liu
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Fan H, Hu Y, Wu Q, Nie Y, Yan L, Wei F. Conservation genetics and genomics of threatened vertebrates in China. J Genet Genomics 2018; 45:593-601. [PMID: 30455039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Conservation genetics and genomics are two independent disciplines that focus on using new techniques in genetics and genomics to solve problems in conservation biology. During the past two decades, conservation genetics and genomics have experienced rapid progress. Here, we summarize the research advances in the conservation genetics and genomics of threatened vertebrates (e.g., carnivorans, primates, ungulates, cetaceans, avians, amphibians and reptiles) in China. First, we introduce the concepts of conservation genetics and genomics and their development. Second, we review the recent advances in conservation genetics research, including noninvasive genetics and landscape genetics. Third, we summarize the progress in conservation genomics research, which mainly focuses on resolving genetic problems relevant to conservation such as genetic diversity, genetic structure, demographic history, and genomic evolution and adaptation. Finally, we discuss the future directions of conservation genetics and genomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhong Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yibo Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Qi Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yonggang Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Li Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fuwen Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
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