Dendrimers as carriers for contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging

Statistical Analysis of Gastric Cancer Cells Response to Broadband Terahertz Radiation with and without Contrast Nanoparticles

The paper describes the statistical analysis of the response of gastric cancer cells and normal cells to broadband terahertz radiation up to 4 THz, both with and without the use of nanostructured contrast agents. The THz spectroscopy analysis was comparatively performed under the ATR procedure and transmission measurement procedure. The statistical analysis was conducted towards multiple pairwise comparisons, including a support medium (without cells) versus a support medium with nanoparticles, normal cells versus normal cells with nanoparticles, and, respectively, tumor cells versus tumor cells with nanoparticles. When generally comparing the ATR procedure and transmission measurement procedure for a broader frequency domain, the differentiation between normal and tumor cells in the presence of contrast agents is superior when using the ATR procedure. THz contrast enhancement by using contrast agents derived from MRI-related contrast agents leads to only limited benefits and only for narrow THz frequency ranges, a disadvantage for THz medical imaging.

Recent advances in self-immolative linkers and their applications in polymeric reporting systems

Interest in self-immolative chemistry has grown over the past decade with more research groups harnessing the versatility to control the release of a compound from a larger chemical entity, given...

Synthetic methodologies and spatial organization of metal chelate dendrimers and star and hyperbranched polymers

The synthetic methodologies, physico-chemical peculiarities, properties, and structure of metal chelate dendrimers and star and hyperbranched polymers are considered.

Polyaspartamide spin probes containing isoindoline nitroxide and porphyrin groups

Water-soluble polyaspartamide isoindoline nitroxides 5-(4′-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-tris (4′-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin, trisodium salt–poly[α,β- N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-aspartamide]–5-carboxy-1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindolin-2-yloxyl were synthesized by the incorporation of 5-(4′-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-tris(4′-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin, trisodium salt, as a tumor-targeting group, and 5-carboxy-1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindolin-2-yloxyl into poly[α,β- N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-aspartamide]. These compounds were characterized, and the in vitro properties were evaluated. The polyaspartamide isoindoline nitroxides had higher relaxation effectiveness and had greater toxicity to HeLa cells than that of 5-carboxy-1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindolin-2-yloxyl. The polyaspartamide isoindoline nitroxides retained similar electrochemical properties and redox reaction mechanisms as the parent nitroxides. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of polyaspartamide isoindoline nitroxides exhibited characteristic hyperfine electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of tetramethyl isoindoline nitroxides, with typical nitroxide g-values and nitrogen isotropic hyperfine coupling constants. Therefore, the water-soluble 5-(4′-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-tris(4′-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin, trisodium salt–poly[α,β- N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-l-aspartamide]–5-carboxy-1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindolin-2-yloxyl is considered to be a novel potential spin probe for electron paramagnetic resonance.