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Cabello MC, Chen G, Melville MJ, Osman R, Kumar GD, Domaille DW, Lippert AR. Ex Tenebris Lux: Illuminating Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species with Small Molecule Probes. Chem Rev 2024. [PMID: 39137397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are small reactive molecules derived from elements in the air─oxygen and nitrogen. They are produced in biological systems to mediate fundamental aspects of cellular signaling but must be very tightly balanced to prevent indiscriminate damage to biological molecules. Small molecule probes can transmute the specific nature of each reactive oxygen and nitrogen species into an observable luminescent signal (or even an acoustic wave) to offer sensitive and selective imaging in living cells and whole animals. This review focuses specifically on small molecule probes for superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite that provide a luminescent or photoacoustic signal. Important background information on general photophysical phenomena, common probe designs, mechanisms, and imaging modalities will be provided, and then, probes for each analyte will be thoroughly evaluated. A discussion of the successes of the field will be presented, followed by recommendations for improvement and a future outlook of emerging trends. Our objectives are to provide an informative, useful, and thorough field guide to small molecule probes for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as important context to compare the ecosystem of chemistries and molecular scaffolds that has manifested within the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maidileyvis C Cabello
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Gen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - Michael J Melville
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Rokia Osman
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
| | - G Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Dylan W Domaille
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Alexander R Lippert
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275-0314, United States
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2
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Xiong T, Chen Y, Peng Q, Li M, Lu S, Chen X, Fan J, Wang L, Peng X. Pyrazolone-Protein Interaction Enables Long-Term Retention Staining and Facile Artificial Biorecognition on Cell Membranes. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39138141 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Cell membrane genetic engineering has been utilized to confer cell membranes with functionalities for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes but concerns over cost and variable modification results. Although nongenetic chemical modification and phospholipid insertion strategies are more convenient, they still face bottlenecks in either biosafety or stability of the modifications. Herein, we show that pyrazolone-bearing molecules can bind to proteins with high stability, which is mainly contributed to by the multiple interactions between pyrazolone and basic amino acids. This new binding model offers a simple and versatile noncovalent approach for cell membrane functionalization. By binding to cell membrane proteins, pyrazolone-bearing dyes enabled precise cell tracking in vitro (>96 h) and in vivo (>21 days) without interfering with the protein function or causing cell death. Furthermore, the convenient anchor of pyrazolone-bearing biotin on cell membranes rendered the biorecognition to avidin, showing the potential for artificially creating cell targetability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yingchao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qiang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Mingle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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3
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Bi S, Wen X, Wu Z, Wang C, Huang H, Liu Z, Zeng S. Rational Design of Activatable Lanthanide NIR-IIb Emissive Nanoprobe for In Situ Specific Imaging of HOCl In Vivo. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400883. [PMID: 38881331 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), as an indispensable signaling molecule in organisms, is one of the key members of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, in vivo, real-time dynamic near-infrared fluorescence imaging of HOCl levels in the 1400-1700 nm sub-window (NIR-IIb) remains a major challenge due to the lack of suitable detection methods. Herein, a general design of HOCl-responsive NIR-IIb fluorescence nanoprobe is proposed by integrating NaLuF4Yb/Er@NaLuF4 downshift nanoparticles (DSNPs) and HOCl recognition/NIR-IIb emissive modulation unit of M2-xS (M = Cu, Co, Pb) nanodots for real-time monitoring of HOCl levels. The fluorescence modulation unit of M2-xS nanodots presents remarkably enhanced absorption than Yb sensitizer at 980 nm and greatly inhibits the NIR-IIb fluorescence emission via competitive absorption mechanism. While, the M2-xS nanodots are easily degraded after triggering by HOCl, resulting in HOCl responsive turn-on (≈ten folds) NIR-IIb emission at 1532 nm. More importantly, in vivo highly precise and specific monitoring of inflammatory with abnormal HOCl expression is successfully achieved. Thus, the explored competitive absorption mediated quenching-activation mechanism provides a new general strategy of designing HOCl-responsive NIR-IIb fluorescence nanoprobe for highly specific and sensitive HOCl detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Bi
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Xingwang Wen
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Zezheng Wu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Hao Huang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Zhiqiu Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
| | - Songjun Zeng
- School of Physics and Electronics, Key Laboratory of Low-dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of the Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Key Laboratory for Matter Microstructure and Function of Hunan Province, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410081, China
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4
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Zeng S, Liu X, Kafuti YS, Kim H, Wang J, Peng X, Li H, Yoon J. Fluorescent dyes based on rhodamine derivatives for bioimaging and therapeutics: recent progress, challenges, and prospects. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5607-5651. [PMID: 37485842 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00799a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Since their inception, rhodamine dyes have been extensively applied in biotechnology as fluorescent markers or for the detection of biomolecules owing to their good optical physical properties. Accordingly, they have emerged as a powerful tool for the visualization of living systems. In addition to fluorescence bioimaging, the molecular design of rhodamine derivatives with disease therapeutic functions (e.g., cancer and bacterial infection) has recently attracted increased research attention, which is significantly important for the construction of molecular libraries for diagnostic and therapeutic integration. However, reviews focusing on integrated design strategies for rhodamine dye-based diagnosis and treatment and their wide application in disease treatment are extremely rare. In this review, first, a brief history of the development of rhodamine fluorescent dyes, the transformation of rhodamine fluorescent dyes from bioimaging to disease therapy, and the concept of optics-based diagnosis and treatment integration and its significance to human development are presented. Next, a systematic review of several excellent rhodamine-based derivatives for bioimaging, as well as for disease diagnosis and treatment, is presented. Finally, the challenges in practical integration of rhodamine-based diagnostic and treatment dyes and the future outlook of clinical translation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaosheng Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yves S Kafuti
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Jingyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Haidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China.
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Hi-tech Zone, Dalian 116024, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Medical Engineering for Gastrointestinal Carcinoma, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology (Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute), Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
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5
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Debnath S, Ghosh R, Nair RR, Pradhan D, Chatterjee PB. Advances in the Development of Water-Soluble Fluorogenic Probes for Bioimaging of Hypochlorite/Hypochlorous Acid in Cells and Organisms. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:38122-38149. [PMID: 36340119 PMCID: PMC9631417 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review summarizes the development of intracellular fluorogenic probes for biological investigations of hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite (HOCl/OCl-) in living cells and tissues. Monitoring the formation or effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside living systems is critical in determining their roles in human physiology. HOCl/OCl- is considered as an important member of the nonradical ROS family for its decisive microbicidal action in the innate immune system. Even though HOCl/OCl- plays a defensive role in human health, abnormal or overexpression may have detrimental effects on the host physiology leading to many diseases, including neurodegeneration and cancer. In recent years, progress in the development of fluorescent imaging probes for observing HOCl/OCl- levels in live cells and tissues has been made. Despite considerable advancement, challenges still exist in areas like working solvent/media, pH, response time, buffer selection, emission region, and others. In addition, this account aims to discuss the design strategies and sensing mechanisms of the representative fluorogenic probes for bioimaging of HOCl/OCl-, endogenously and exogenously. Herein, we also have tried to provide the future direction to develop HOCl/OCl- specific probes for disease diagnosis with particular attention to the requirement of the recognition group, solvent, and buffer media, which will be beneficial for those working in the domain of biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehasish Debnath
- Analytical
& Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Riya Ghosh
- Analytical
& Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ratish R. Nair
- Analytical
& Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debjani Pradhan
- Analytical
& Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pabitra B. Chatterjee
- Analytical
& Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, CSIR-CSMCRI, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
- P.
B. Chatterjee.
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6
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Xu ZC, Ge YF, Chen KY, Liu MH. A ratiometric water-soluble fluorescent probe for the detection of sulfur dioxide derivative in sinusitis mice model. Talanta 2022; 237:122972. [PMID: 34736695 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) plays an extremely important role in the basic processes of physiology and pathology. As an antioxidant, SO2 can maintain the redox homeostasis in the cell. Excessive inhalation of SO2 would lead to irreparable respiratory damage, resulting in respiratory diseases, neurological disorders, and even cardiovascular disease. Thus, it is urgent to exploit an excellent way to monitor SO2 derivatives in biological system. Herein, we design a water-soluble ratiometric fluorescent probe to fast detect the level of SO2 derivatives in living cells in vivo. The probe displays obvious fluorescence signal at long wavelength, which is helpful for imaging of biological system. After respond to SO2 derivatives, the fluorescence signal at 465 nm increases rapidly due to the Michael addition reaction is triggered, further causing the disruption of large conjugated system. The probe exhibits high selectivity and fast respond to SO2 derivatives, which can be able to sensitive and real-time monitoring of SO2 derivatives level in living cells. Moreover, the probe reveals a low detection limit and a great linear relationship to SO2 derivatives. Based on the negligible cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility of the probe, which is employed to detect exogenous and endogenous SO2 derivatives in living cells. In addition, it is also served as a potential chemical tool to detect SO2 derivatives in mice model of sinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Cai Xu
- Guanyun People's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, China
| | - Yu-Feng Ge
- Department of Emergent Trauma Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Kai-Yong Chen
- Guanyun People's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, China
| | - Min-Hua Liu
- Guanyun People's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, China.
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7
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Liu J, Niu P, Rong Y, Chen W, Liu X, Wei L, Song X. A phenothiazine coumarin based ratiometric fluorescent probe for real-time detection of lysosomal hypochlorite in living cell and zebra fish. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 261:120024. [PMID: 34119769 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (ClO-), a type of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an essential role in complex biological systems. Real-time detection of the content and distribution of ClO- in cells or subcellular organelle is critically essential. In this paper, a lysosomal-targeted fluorescent probe, Cou-Lyso, was constructed for real-time detection of ClO- in a ratiometric manner, achieving high sensitivity with a low detection limit (0.58 μM). Upon reaction with ClO-, this probe was subjected to a significant fluorescence change from red emission (λmaxem = 610 nm) to green emission (λmaxem = 535 nm) with the ratio of I535 nm/I610 nm displaying a 76-fold enhancement from 0.04 to 3.03. The confocal imaging experiments for Cou-Lyso showed that this probe could detect ClO- in living cell and zebra fish. This probe has been successfully applied to stain lysosome and image lysosomal ClO- based on co-localization imaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Peixin Niu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Yifan Rong
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenqiang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Xingjiang Liu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
| | - Liuhe Wei
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiangzhi Song
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, China
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8
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Yudhistira T, Mulay SV, Kim Y, Halle MB, Churchill DG. Imaging of Hypochlorous Acid by Fluorescence and Applications in Biological Systems. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:3048-3084. [PMID: 31347256 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201900672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, HOCl research has attracted a lot of scientists from around the world. This chemical species is well known as an important player in the biological systems of eukaryotic organisms including humans. In the human body, HOCl is produced by the myeloperoxidase enzyme from superoxide in very low concentrations (20 to 400 μm); this species is secreted by neutrophils and monocytes to help fight pathogens. However, in the condition called "oxidative stress", HOCl has the capability to attack many important biomolecules such as amino acids, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids; these reactions could ultimately contribute to a number of diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases (AD, PD, and ALS), cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. In this review, we discuss recent efforts by scientists to synthesize various fluorophores which are attached to receptors to detect HOCl such as: chalcogen-based oxidation, oxidation of 4-methoxyphenol, oxime/imine, lactone ring opening, and hydrazine. These synthetic molecules, involving rational synthetic pathways, allow us to chemoselectively target HOCl and to study the level of HOCl selectivity through emission responses. Virtually all the reports here deal with well-defined and small synthetic molecular systems. A large number of published compounds have been reported over the past years; this growing field has given scientists new insights regarding the design of the chemosensors. Reversibility, for example is considered important from the stand point of chemosensor reuse within the biological system; facile regenerability using secondary analytes to obtain the initial probe is a very promising avenue. Another aspect which is also important is the energy of the emission wavelength of the sensor; near-infrared (NIR) emission is favorable to prevent autofluorescence and harmful irradiation of tissue; thus, extended applicability of such sensors can be made to the mouse model or animal model to help image internal organs. In this review, we describe several well-known types of receptors that are covalently attached to the fluorophore to detect HOCl. We also discuss the common fluorophores which are used by chemist to detect HOCl, Apart from the chemical aspects, we also discuss the capabilities of the compounds to detect HOCl in living cells as measured through confocal imaging. The growing insight from HOCl probing suggests that there is still much room for improvement regarding the available molecular designs, knowledge of interplay between analytes, biological applicability, biological targeting, and chemical switching, which can also serve to further sensor and theurapeutic agent development alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesla Yudhistira
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sandip V Mulay
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Artificial Photosynthesis Research Group, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), 100 Jang-dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305 600, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsam Kim
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Semiconductor Material Division, LG Chemistry, 104-1, Munji-dong, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh B Halle
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - David G Churchill
- Molecular Logic Gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea.,KI for Health Science and Technology, KI Institute, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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9
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A novel lipid droplets-targeting ratiometric fluorescence probe for hypochlorous acid in living cells. Talanta 2019; 194:308-313. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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10
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Ding Y, Xu C, Li Z, Qin W, Han X, Han X, Zhang C, Yu C, Wang X, Li L, Huang W. Fast-Response Fluorogenic Probe for Visualizing Hypochlorite in Living Cells and in Zebrafish. Chembiochem 2019; 20:831-837. [PMID: 30485616 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A fast-response fluorogenic probe-compound D1-for monitoring hypochlorite (ClO- ), based on specific ClO- cleavage of a C=N bond and producing results observable to the naked eye, has been developed. The response of the probe to ClO- increases linearly, and the fluorescence intensity was heightened by a factor of about 25. D1 responses to ClO- , with high selectivity and sensitivity, were observable by naked eye within 10 s. D1 can not only detect levels of hypochlorite in vitro, such as in urine, but is also capable of monitoring hypochlorite content under extremely cold conditions, as low as -78 °C. Meanwhile, its good biocompatibility permitted the use of D1 to detect intracellular ClO- by confocal microscopy. Moreover, D1 was successfully applied to monitor exogenous and endogenous ClO- in zebrafish through fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Qin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Xisi Han
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Xu Han
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Chengwu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Changmin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Xuchun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Anhui, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211800, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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11
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Zhang R, Song B, Yuan J. Bioanalytical methods for hypochlorous acid detection: Recent advances and challenges. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Yu Y, Xu H, Zhang W, Wang B, Jiang Y. A novel benzothiazole-based fluorescent probe for cysteine detection and its application on test paper and in living cells. Talanta 2018; 176:151-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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A novel near-infrared fluorescent probe for cysteine in living cells based on a push-pull dicyanoisophorone system. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yang J, Yu Y, Wang B, Jiang Y. A sensitive fluorescent probe based on coumarin for detection of cysteine in living cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jacob Hu
- Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Sen Ye
- Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- Morningside Laboratory for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry; The University of Hong Kong; Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
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Wu WL, Zhao X, Xi LL, Huang MF, Zeng WH, Miao JY, Zhao BX. A mitochondria-targeted fluorescence probe for ratiometric detection of endogenous hypochlorite in the living cells. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 950:178-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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17
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Xiong K, Yin C, Chao J, Zhang Y, Huo F. The detection for hypochlorite by UV-Vis and fluorescent spectra based on oxidized ring opening and successive hydrolysis reaction. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 166:79-83. [PMID: 27214272 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this work, two high selective and sensitive fluorescent probes for ClO(-), 7-Hydroxycoumarin and 4-Hydroxycoumarin were designed. The reaction mechanism that we speculated was the oxidized ring opening reaction and hydrolysis. The detection could be realized in quasi-aqueous phase and the detection limits of probe [7] and probe [4] for ClO(-) were found to be 56.8nM and 70.5nM. Furthermore, the probes can be used to cell imagings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangming Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Jianbin Chao
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yongbin Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Zhou L, Lu DQ, Wang Q, Hu S, Wang H, Sun H, Zhang X. A high-resolution mitochondria-targeting ratiometric fluorescent probe for detection of the endogenous hypochlorous acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 166:129-134. [PMID: 27236136 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypochlorite anion, one of the biologically important reactive oxygen species, plays an essential role in diverse normal biochemical functions and abnormal pathological processes. Herein, an efficient high-resolution mitochondria-targeting ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypochlorous acid detection has been designed, synthesized and characterized. It is easily synthesized by the condensation reaction (CC) of a 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl) quinazolin-4(3H)-one fluorophore and a cyanine group (mitochondria-targeting), which made the whole molecular a large Stokes shift (210nm) and the two well-resolved emission peaks separated by 140nm. As a result, it is considered as a good candidate for high resolution hypochlorous acid imaging in live cells. The ratiometric fluorescent probe exhibited outstanding features of high sensitivity, high selectivity, rapid response time (within 50s), and excellent mitochondria-targeting ability. Moreover, the probe can also be successfully applied to imaging endogenously hypochlorous acid in the mitochondria of living cells with low cytotoxicity, and high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Zhou
- College of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Hunan 412007, PR China; Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China.
| | - Dan-Qing Lu
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Shunqin Hu
- College of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Hunan 412007, PR China
| | - Haifei Wang
- College of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Hunan 412007, PR China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Xiaobing Zhang
- Molecular Sciences and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Molecular Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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Yue Y, Huo F, Yin C, Escobedo JO, Strongin RM. Recent progress in chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors for hypochlorous acid. Analyst 2016; 141:1859-73. [PMID: 26883493 PMCID: PMC4789306 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00158k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to the biological and industrial importance of hypochlorous acid, the development of optical probes for HOCl has been an active research area. Hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite can oxidize electron-rich analytes with accompanying changes in molecular sensor spectroscopic profiles. Probes for such processes may monitor HOCl levels in the environment or in an organism and via bio-labeling or bioimaging techniques. This review summarizes recent developments in the area of chromogenic and fluorogenic chemosensors for HOCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Yue
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Jorge O Escobedo
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
| | - Robert M Strongin
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
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Hu Z, Hu J, Cui Y, Wang G, Zhang X, Uvdal K, Gao HW. A facile “click” reaction to fabricate a FRET-based ratiometric fluorescent Cu2+ probe. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:4467-4472. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00441h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Zhang Y, Shi W, Li X, Ma H. Sensitive detection of ozone by a practical resorufin-based spectroscopic probe with extremely low background signal. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2830. [PMID: 24088783 PMCID: PMC3789151 DOI: 10.1038/srep02830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone (O3) has attracted much attention because of its key role in human health and disease, and its detection is of great importance for various biochemical studies as well as environmental evaluation. Here we develop a simple and practical spectroscopic off-on O3 probe based on resorufin and the specific reaction of but-3-enyl with O3. The probe shows an extremely low background spectroscopic signal, but reacts with O3 producing a distinct color and fluorescence change. The detection limit of the probe for O3 is 5.9 nM, which corresponds to an ozone concentration of 0.056 mg m−3 in air in this study and is lower than the international ambient air quality standard of 0.1 mg m−3. More importantly, the proposed probe is worth popularizing, and its applicability has been successfully demonstrated on both the determination of O3 in real ambient air samples and the imaging of O3 in biological cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Li X, Gao X, Shi W, Ma H. Design strategies for water-soluble small molecular chromogenic and fluorogenic probes. Chem Rev 2013; 114:590-659. [PMID: 24024656 DOI: 10.1021/cr300508p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1188] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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Zhang R, Ye Z, Song B, Dai Z, An X, Yuan J. Development of a ruthenium(II) complex-based luminescent probe for hypochlorous acid in living cells. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:10325-31. [PMID: 24003990 DOI: 10.1021/ic400767u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel Ru(II) complex, [Ru(bpy)2(DNPS-bpy)](PF6)2 (bpy: 2,2'-bipyridine, DNPS-bpy: 4-(2,4-dinitrophenylthio)methylene-4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine), has been designed and synthesized as a highly sensitive and selective luminescence probe for the recognition and detection of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in living cells by exploiting a "signaling moiety-recognition linker-quencher" sandwich approach. The complex possesses large stokes shift (170 nm), long emission wavelength (626 nm), and low cytotoxicity. Owing to the effective photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from Ru(II) center to the electron acceptor, 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP), the red-emission of bipyridine-Ru(II) complex was completely withheld. In aqueous media, HOCl can trigger an oxidation reaction to cleave the DNP moiety from the Ru(II) complex, which results in the formation of a highly luminescent bipyridine-Ru(II) complex derivative, [Ru(bpy)2(COOH-bpy)](PF6)2 (COOH-bpy: 4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl-4-carboxylic acid), accompanied by a 190-fold luminescence enhancement. Cell imaging experimental results demonstrated that [Ru(bpy)2(DNPS-bpy)](PF6)2 is membrane permeable, and can be applied for capturing and visualizing the exogenous/endogenous HOCl molecules in living cell samples. The development of this Ru(II) complex probe not only provides a useful tool for monitoring HOCl in living systems, but also strengthens the application of transition metal complex-based luminescent probes for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology , Dalian, Liaoning116012, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Chen W, Feng D, Shi W, Li X, Ma H. A spectroscopic off-on probe for simple and sensitive detection ofcarboxylesterase activity and its application to cell imaging. Analyst 2012; 137:716-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an15952j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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25
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Shi W, Ma H. Spectroscopic probes with changeable π-conjugated systems. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8732-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33366j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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