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Li Y, Zhang L, Yang Y, Xiang S, Hu W. Addiction-Prone Personality and Creative Cognitive Styles: A Moderated Mediation Model of Novelty Seeking and Depression Tendency. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1214-1236. [PMID: 36315897 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221137239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
This study attempted to examine the mechanism of the impact of Addiction-Prone Personality (APP) on creative cognitive styles (idea generation, idea selection), especially to explore the mediating role of novelty seeking and the moderating role of depression tendency on the relationship between APP and creative cognitive styles. College students (N = 576, 79% female) participated in and completed measures of APP, idea generation and selection, novelty seeking, and depression tendency. Results showed that (1) APP was positively related with idea generation while negatively related with idea selection; (2) novelty seeking played a partial mediating role in the relationship between APP and idea generation and a suppressing effect between APP and idea selection; (3) depression tendency moderated the indirect relationship between APP and creative cognitive styles through novelty seeking. Therefore, APP has different indirect effects on idea generation and idea selection via novelty seeking. When there was a higher depression tendency, there was a stronger indirect effect. The study highlights the significant importance of the underlying processes between APP and creative cognitive styles and offers implications for rethinking the relationship between addiction and creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yilong Yang
- School of English Studies, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuoqi Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiping Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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2
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Yang JY, Kim M, Sohn A. Development and Validation of a Questionnaire for Assessing Drug Use Motives in the General Population in South Korea. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:86. [PMID: 38200992 PMCID: PMC10779342 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug use is increasing in South Korea, necessitating evidence-based policy interventions. However, there is a dearth of reliable tools for identifying the personal and psychological factors that drive drug use among Korean adults. In this study, we developed and validated an instrument based on a motivational model to measure drug use motivation in the Korean context. A survey was administered online to 250 Korean adults aged 19-59. Of the initial 37 potential items evaluated, 23 were retained after exploratory factor analysis. Based on their relevance and factor loadings, the final scale consisted of 15 items distributed across five distinct factors: enhancement, coping, social, positive expectancy, and negative expectancy. Confirmatory factor analysis validated the strong fit of the five-factor model. Criterion-related validity was demonstrated by the significant correlations between the five factors and the selected criterion variables. This instrument can be used in research initiatives related to drug addiction and can provide basic data for policy interventions intended to curb drug addiction problems in South Korea. The novelty and broad applicability of this instrument make it invaluable for exploring the psychological underpinnings of drug use in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Yong Yang
- Division of Social Welfare and Health Administration, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Minhye Kim
- Department of Sociology, College of Social Science, Changwon National University, Changwon-si 51140, Republic of Korea;
| | - Aeree Sohn
- Department of Public Health, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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3
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Korman BA. The Rising Use of LSD among Business Managers. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 59:159-166. [PMID: 37822061 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2267105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although studies have demonstrated that the use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is on the rise in the United States, it remains unclear how this trend looks across the hierarchical ladder of the American workforce. This is relevant given that LSD is increasingly being touted as a means of boosting creativity and performance, with mounting anecdotal evidence that business managers in particular are turning to it for inspiration and insight. METHODS Using pooled cross-sectional data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2006-2014) on 168,920 adults in the United States employed full-time (weighted = 117,270,940), this study investigates how temporal trends in past year LSD use differ among business managers and non-managers. RESULTS The results suggest that the prevalence of past year LSD use increased over time at a greater rate among business managers than non-managers and that this difference cannot be accounted for by changes in business managers' perceived risk of LSD use or general substance use relative to non-managers. CONCLUSIONS The study's findings indicate that temporal trends in past year LSD use depend on employees' hierarchical rank in their organization and suggest that business managers, regardless of gender, are becomingly increasingly interested in the potential competitive advantages that LSD may offer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Korman
- Chair of Organizational Behavior, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "The Politics of Inequality", University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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4
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Wießner I, Falchi M, Maia LO, Daldegan-Bueno D, Palhano-Fontes F, Mason NL, Ramaekers JG, Gross ME, Schooler JW, Feilding A, Ribeiro S, Araujo DB, Tófoli LF. LSD and creativity: Increased novelty and symbolic thinking, decreased utility and convergent thinking. J Psychopharmacol 2022; 36:348-359. [PMID: 35105186 DOI: 10.1177/02698811211069113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controversy surrounds psychedelics and their potential to boost creativity. To date, psychedelic studies lack a uniform conceptualization of creativity and methodologically rigorous designs. AIMS This study aimed at addressing previous issues by examining the effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on creativity using multimodal tasks and multidimensional approaches. METHODS In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, 24 healthy volunteers received 50 μg of LSD or inactive placebo. Near drug peak, a creativity task battery was applied, including pattern meaning task (PMT), alternate uses task (AUT), picture concept task (PCT), creative metaphors task (MET) and figural creativity task (FIG). Creativity was assessed by scoring creativity criteria (novelty, utility, surprise), calculating divergent thinking (fluency, originality, flexibility, elaboration) and convergent thinking, computing semantic distances (semantic spread, semantic steps) and searching for data-driven special features. RESULTS LSD, compared to placebo, changed several creativity measurements pointing to three overall LSD-induced phenomena: (1) 'pattern break', reflected by increased novelty, surprise, originality and semantic distances; (2) decreased 'organization', reflected by decreased utility, convergent thinking and, marginally, elaboration; and (3) 'meaning', reflected by increased symbolic thinking and ambiguity in the data-driven results. CONCLUSION LSD changed creativity across modalities and measurement approaches. Three phenomena of pattern break, disorganization and meaning seemed to fundamentally influence creative cognition and behaviour pointing to a shift of cognitive resources 'away from normal' and 'towards the new'. LSD-induced symbolic thinking might provide a tool to support treatment efficiency in psychedelic-assisted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Wießner
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Falchi
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas Oliveira Maia
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Dimitri Daldegan-Bueno
- Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Schools of Population Health and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Natasha L Mason
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G Ramaekers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Madeleine E Gross
- Psychological and Brain Science Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan W Schooler
- Psychological and Brain Science Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - Sidarta Ribeiro
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Draulio B Araujo
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Tófoli
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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5
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Bavik A, Kuo CF. A systematic review of creativity in tourism and hospitality. SERVICE INDUSTRIES JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02642069.2022.2041605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bavik
- Tourism Management, Macao Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao S.A.R, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen-Feng Kuo
- Hospitality Management, Macao Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao S.A.R, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Beda Z, Smith SM, Orr J. Creativity on demand - Hacking into creative problem solving. Neuroimage 2020; 216:116867. [PMID: 32325208 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
How can creative problem solving be enhanced? The paper identifies and examines modulatory approaches from the cognitive and neuroscientific literature that have been made to make creative problem solving better. We review neuromodulatory approaches of both global and local effects. Through a 2-process model of creative problem solving that involves both automatic and controlled processes, we demonstrate how these approaches could be used and what potential they may have for enhancing creative problem solving. We conclude that direct neuromodulation will be best used in unison with behavioral manipulations of cognition, and that better understanding of these manipulations should inform and guide research on direct neuromodulatory procedures.
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7
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Wang SH, Lai RY, Lee YC, Su MH, Chen CY, Hsiao PC, Yang AC, Liu YL, Tsai SJ, Kuo PH. Association between polygenic liability for schizophrenia and substance involvement: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 19:e12639. [PMID: 31925923 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and substance involvement frequently co-occur in individuals, and a bidirectional relationship between the two has been proposed; shared underlying genetic factors could be an alternative explanation. This study investigated the genetic overlap between schizophrenia and substance involvement, including tobacco, alcohol and betel nut use. The study subjects were recruited from the Taiwan Biobank, and genome-wide genotyping data was available for 18 327 participants without schizophrenia. We calculated the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium-derived polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia in each participant. The significance of the schizophrenia PRS associated with substance involvement was evaluated using a regression model with adjustments for gender, age and population stratification components. The modified effect of gender or birth decade was also explored. The schizophrenia PRS was positively associated with lifetime tobacco smoking in women (OR in per SD increase in PRS = 1.12 with 95% CI 1.04-1.20, P = .002), but not in men (OR = 0.99 with 95% CI 0.95-1.04, P = .74), and the gender-PRS interaction reached significance (P = .006). The OR between PRS and lifetime tobacco smoking increased with the birth decade (P of birth decade-PRS interaction = .0002). In women, OR increased from 0.97 (P = .85) for subjects with a birth decade before 1950 to 1.21 (P = .04) for subjects with a birth decade after 1980; in men, the corresponding OR increased from 0.88 (P = .04) to 1.13 (P = .11). There was no association between schizophrenia PRS and alcohol/betel nut use phenotypes. This study provides evidence for the genetic overlap between schizophrenia and tobacco use in women, and this overlap was stronger in the younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Heng Wang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rou-Yi Lai
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chin Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsin Su
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Po-Chang Hsiao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Albert C Yang
- Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Kuypers KPC, De Sousa Fernandes Perna EB, Theunissen EL, Toennes SW, Mason NL, Hutten NRPW, Ramaekers JG. A First-in-Man Study with 4-Fluoroamphetamine Demonstrates it Produces a Mild Psychedelic State. J Psychoactive Drugs 2019; 51:225-235. [DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2019.1569286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. P. C. Kuypers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - E. B. De Sousa Fernandes Perna
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - E. L Theunissen
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - S. W. Toennes
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Legal Medicine, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N. L. Mason
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - N. R. P. W. Hutten
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J. G. Ramaekers
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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9
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The Mediating Role of Self/Everyday Creativity and Depression on the Relationship Between Creative Personality Traits and Problematic Social Media Use Among Emerging Adults. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-9938-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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10
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Iszáj F, Kapitány-Fövény M, Farkas J, Kökönyei G, Urbán R, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z. Substance Use and Psychological Disorders Among Art and Non-art University Students: an Empirical Self-Report Survey. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018; 16:125-135. [PMID: 29491769 PMCID: PMC5814514 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-017-9812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Media stories often suggest that those working in the creative arts appear to use and abuse psychoactive substances. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between the use of psychoactive substances and the presence of psychological disorders among art and non-art students. Questionnaires related to these two areas were completed by 182 art students in higher education and a control group of 704 non-art university students. To assess psychoactive substance use, a structured questionnaire including the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was administered to participants. Psychological disorders were assessed using the Hungarian version of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Global Severity Index (GSI). After analyzing the data, significant differences were found between the two groups regarding their first use of psychoactive substances. Art students' current substance use was found to be significantly more frequent compared to the control group. In relation to psychological disorders, art students scored significantly higher on three scales of the BSI (i.e., psychoticism, hostility, and phobic anxiety). Overall, a significantly higher proportion of artists were labeled as "problematic" using the GSI. The results suggest that artists have a higher risk of both substance use and experiencing psychological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fruzsina Iszáj
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary
| | - Máté Kapitány-Fövény
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary.,2Department of Addictology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Nyírő Gyula Hospital, National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Farkas
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary.,Nyírő Gyula Hospital, National Institute of Psychiatry and Addictions, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary
| | - Róbert Urbán
- 4Department of Personality and Clinical Psychology, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- 5Psychology Department, International Gaming Research Unit, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- 1Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella utca 46, Budapest, 1064 Hungary
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