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Navitoclax Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of PLK1 Targeting on Lung Cancer Cells in 2D and 3D Culture Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061209. [PMID: 35745782 PMCID: PMC9229367 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of antimitotics is limited by slippage, whereby treated cells arrested in mitosis exit mitosis without cell division and, eventually, escape apoptosis, constituting a serious resistance mechanism to antimitotics. Strategies to overcome slippage should potentiate the cancer cell killing activity of these antimitotics. Such strategies should accelerate cell death in mitosis before slippage. Here, we undertook a mechanistic analysis to test whether the apoptosis activator Navitoclax potentiates apoptosis triggered by the antimitotic BI2536, a potent inhibitor of Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) with the goal of overcoming slippage. We found that cancer cells in 2D cultures treated with BI2536 alone accumulate in mitosis, but a significant fraction of arrested cells undergo slippage and survive. Remarkably, combining BI2536 with Navitoclax dramatically reduces slippage, shifting the cell fate to accelerated death in mitosis. The results are confirmed in 3D spheroids, a preclinical system that mimics in vivo tumor drug responses. Importantly, in 3D spheroids, the effect of the BI2536/Navitoclax combination requires a lower therapeutic dosage of each drug, underlying its potential to improve the therapeutic index. Our results highlight the relevance of apoptosis potentiators to circumvent slippage associated with antimitotics. The combination of BI2536 with Navitoclax shows in vitro synergy/additive effect, which warrants further clinical research.
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2
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Lohan-Codeço M, Barambo-Wagner ML, Nasciutti LE, Ribeiro Pinto LF, Meireles Da Costa N, Palumbo A. Molecular mechanisms associated with chemoresistance in esophageal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:116. [PMID: 35113247 PMCID: PMC11073146 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most incident and lethal tumors worldwide. Although surgical resection is an important approach in EC treatment, late diagnosis, metastasis and recurrence after surgery have led to the management of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies over the past few decades. In this scenario, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CISP), and more recently paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin (CBP), have been traditionally used in EC treatment. However, chemoresistance to these agents along EC therapeutic management represents the main obstacle to successfully treat this malignancy. In this sense, despite the fact that most of chemotherapy drugs were discovered several decades ago, in many cases, including EC, they still represent the most affordable and widely employed treatment approach for these tumors. Therefore, this review summarizes the main mechanisms through which the response to the most widely chemotherapeutic agents used in EC treatment is impaired, such as drug metabolism, apoptosis resistance, cancer stem cells (CSCs), cell cycle, autophagy, energetic metabolism deregulation, tumor microenvironment and epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Lohan-Codeço
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria Luísa Barambo-Wagner
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Meireles Da Costa
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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3
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Wang C, Chen D, Pan C, Wang C. Research progress of Bub3 gene in malignant tumors. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:673-682. [PMID: 34882895 PMCID: PMC9303375 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a highly conserved monitoring system that ensures a fidelity of chromosome segregation during mitosis. Bub3, a mitotic Checkpoint Protein, is a member of the Bub protein family, and an important factor in the SAC. Abnormal expression of Bub3 results in mitotic defects, defective spindle gate function, chromosomal instability and the development of aneuploidy cells. Aneuploidy is a state of abnormal karyotype that has long been considered as a marker of tumorigenesis. Karyotypic heterogeneity in tumor cells, known as "chromosomal instability" (CIN), can be used to distinguish cancerous cells from their normal tissue counterpart. In this review, we summarize the expression and clinical significance of Bub3 in a variety of tumors and suggest that it has potential in the treatment of cancer. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,1997-09, Woman, Han, Breast cancer
| | - Dating Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chenglong Pan
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,1974-07, Woman, Han, Breast cancer
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4
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Studies of Interaction Mechanism between Pyrido [3,4- d] Pyrimidine Inhibitors and Mps1. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165075. [PMID: 34443663 PMCID: PMC8401005 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1), a dual-specific kinase, is related to the proper execution of chromosome biorientation and mitotic checkpoint signaling. The overexpression of Mps1 promotes the occurrence of cancer or the survival of aneuploid cancer cells, in other words, the reduction of Mps1 will severely reduce the viability of human cancer cells. Therefore, Mps1 is a potential target for cancer treatment. Recently, a series of novel pyrido [3,4-d] pyrimidine derivatives targeting Mps1 with high biological activity were synthesized. The crystal structure of Mps1 in complex with pyrido [3,4-d] pyrimidine derivatives was also reported, but there were no specific mechanism studies for this series of small molecule inhibitors. In this study, complexes binding modes were probed by molecular docking and further validated by molecular dynamics simulations and the molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) method. The results indicated that the van der Waals interactions and the nonpolar solvation energies were responsible to the basis for favorable binding free energies, all inhibitors interacted with residues I531, V539, M602, C604, N606, I607, L654, I663, and P673 of Mps1. By analyzing the hydrogen bonds, we found the residues G605 and K529 in Mps1 formed stable hydrogen bonds with compounds, it was more conducive to activities of Mps1 inhibitors. According to the above analysis, we further designed five new compounds. We found that compounds IV and V were better potential Mps1 inhibitors through docking and ADMET prediction. The obtained new insights not only were helpful in understanding the binding mode of inhibitors in Mps1, but also provided important references for further rational design of Mps1 inhibitors.
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5
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Ashrafizadeh M, Delfi M, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Saleki H, Bagherian M, Azami N, Farahani MV, Sharifzadeh SO, Hamzehlou S, Hushmandi K, Makvandi P, Zarrabi A, Hamblin MR, Varma RS. Biomedical application of chitosan-based nanoscale delivery systems: Potential usefulness in siRNA delivery for cancer therapy. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117809. [PMID: 33712155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy is an emerging and promising strategy in cancer therapy where small interfering RNA (siRNA) system has been deployed for down-regulation of targeted gene and subsequent inhibition in cancer progression; some issues with siRNA, however, linger namely, its off-targeting property and degradation by enzymes. Nanoparticles can be applied for the encapsulation of siRNA thus enhancing its efficacy in gene silencing where chitosan (CS), a linear alkaline polysaccharide derived from chitin, with superb properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, stability and solubility, can play a vital role. Herein, the potential of CS nanoparticles has been discussed for the delivery of siRNA in cancer therapy; proliferation, metastasis and chemoresistance are suppressed by siRNA-loaded CS nanoparticles, especially the usage of pH-sensitive CS nanoparticles. CS nanoparticles can provide a platform for the co-delivery of siRNA and anti-tumor agents with their enhanced stability via chemical modifications. As pre-clinical experiments are in agreement with potential of CS-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery, and these carriers possess biocompatibiliy and are safe, further studies can focus on evaluating their utilization in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Masoud Delfi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Farid Hashemi
- PhD Student of Pharmacology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Saleki
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Bagherian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Azami
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Omid Sharifzadeh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Hamzehlou
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interface, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pontedera 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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The Disordered Spindly C-terminus Interacts with RZZ Subunits ROD-1 and ZWL-1 in the Kinetochore through the Same Sites in C. Elegans. J Mol Biol 2021; 433:166812. [PMID: 33450249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Spindly is a dynein adaptor involved in chromosomal segregation during cell division. While Spindly's N-terminal domain binds to the microtubule motor dynein and its activator dynactin, the C-terminal domain (Spindly-C) binds its cargo, the ROD/ZW10/ZWILCH (RZZ) complex in the outermost layer of the kinetochore. In humans, Spindly-C binds to ROD, while in C. elegans Spindly-C binds to both Zwilch (ZWL-1) and ROD-1. Here, we employed various biophysical techniques to characterize the structure, dynamics and interaction sites of C. elegans Spindly-C. We found that despite the overall disorder, there are two regions with variable α-helical propensity. One of these regions is located in the C-terminal half and is compact; the second is sparsely populated in the N-terminal half. The interactions with both ROD-1 and ZWL-1 are mostly mediated by the same two sequentially remote disordered segments of Spindly-C, which are C-terminally adjacent to the helical regions. The findings suggest that the Spindly-C binding sites on ROD-1 in the ROD-1/ZWL-1 complex context are either shielded or conformationally weakened by the presence of ZWL-1 such that only ZWL-1 directly interacts with Spindly-C in C. elegans.
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7
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Zhang J, Xu C, Gao Y, Wang Y, Ding Z, Zhang Y, Shen W, Zheng Y, Wan Y. A Novel Long Non-coding RNA, MSTRG.51053.2 Regulates Cisplatin Resistance by Sponging the miR-432-5p in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:215. [PMID: 32158694 PMCID: PMC7052009 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying cisplatin (DDP) resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells by constructing a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Methods: The gene expression profiles of human lung adenocarcinoma DDP-resistant cell line (A549/DDP) and its progenitor (A549) were comparatively evaluated by whole-transcriptome sequencing. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were subjected to KEGG pathway analysis. The expression levels of mRNAs involved in several pathways associated with conferring DDP resistance to tumor cells were evaluated. The ceRNA network was constructed based on the mRNA expression levels and the sequencing data of miRNA and lncRNA. Several ceRNA regulatory relationships were validated. Results: We quantified the expression of 17 genes involved in the six pathways by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The differential protein expression levels of eight genes were quantified by western blotting. Western blot analysis revealed six differentially expressed proteins (MGST1, MGST3, ABCG2, FXYD2, ALDH3A1, and GST-ω1). Among the genes encoding these six proteins, ABCG2, ALDH3A1, MGST3, and FXYD2 exhibited interaction with 8 lncRNAs and 4 miRNAs in the ceRNA regulatory network. The expression levels of these lncRNAs and miRNAs were quantified in cells; among these, 6 lncRNAs and 4 miRNAs exhibited differential expression between A549/DDP and A549 groups, which were used to construct a ceRNA network. The ceRNA regulatory network of MSTRG51053.2-miR-432-5p-MGST3 was validated by luciferase reporter assay. Conclusion: The MSTRG51053.2 lncRNA may function as a ceRNA for miR-432-5p to regulate the DDP resistance in NSCLC. The MGST1, MGST3, GST-ω1, and ABCG2 mRNAs, miR-432-5p and miR-665 miRNAs, and MSTRG51053.2 and PPAN lncRNAs can serve as potential DDP drug targets to reverse DDP resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Chuanqin Xu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Zongli Ding
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yueming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Wenyi Shen
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yufeng Wan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
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8
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Silva PMA, Delgado ML, Ribeiro N, Florindo C, Tavares ÁA, Ribeiro D, Lopes C, do Amaral B, Bousbaa H, Monteiro LS. Spindly and Bub3 expression in oral cancer: Prognostic and therapeutic implications. Oral Dis 2019; 25:1291-1301. [PMID: 30866167 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bub3 and Spindly are essential proteins required for the activation and inactivation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, respectively. Here, we explored the clinicopathological significance and the therapeutic potential of the opposing roles of the two proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Bub3 and Spindly expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 62 tissue microarrays from OSCC and by real-time PCR in OSCC cell lines and in normal human oral keratinocytes. The results were analyzed as to their clinicopathological significance. RNA interference-mediated Spindly or Bub3 inhibition was combined with cisplatin treatment, and the effect on the viability of OSCC cells was assessed. RESULTS Overexpression of Bub3 and Spindly was detected in OSCC patients. High expression of Spindly, Bub3, or both was an independent prognostic indicator for cancer-specific survival and was associated with increased cellular proliferation. Accordingly, Bub3 and Spindly were upregulated in OSCC cells comparatively to their normal counterpart. Inhibition of Bub3 or Spindly was cytotoxic to OSCC cells and enhanced their chemosensitivity to cisplatin. CONCLUSIONS The data point out Bub3 and Spindly as potential markers of proliferation and prognosis, and highlight the potential therapeutic benefit of combining their inhibition with cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M A Silva
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Maria Leonor Delgado
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Nilza Ribeiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Florindo
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Departamento Ciências Biomédicas e Medicina, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Álvaro A Tavares
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Departamento Ciências Biomédicas e Medicina, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Diana Ribeiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Carlos Lopes
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal.,Molecular Pathology and Immunology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Barbas do Amaral
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal.,Stomatology Department, Oporto Hospitalar Centre, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Luís Silva Monteiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
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9
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Henriques AC, Ribeiro D, Pedrosa J, Sarmento B, Silva PMA, Bousbaa H. Mitosis inhibitors in anticancer therapy: When blocking the exit becomes a solution. Cancer Lett 2018; 440-441:64-81. [PMID: 30312726 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Current microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) remain amongst the most important antimitotic drugs used against a broad range of malignancies. By perturbing spindle assembly, MTAs activate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which induces mitotic arrest and subsequent apoptosis. However, besides toxic side effects and resistance, mitotic slippage and failure in triggering apoptosis in various cancer cells are limiting factors of MTAs efficacy. Alternative strategies to target mitosis without affecting microtubules have, thus, led to the identification of small molecules, such as those that target spindle Kinesins, Aurora and Polo-like kinases. Unfortunately, these so-called second-generation of antimitotics, encompassing mitotic blockers and mitotic drivers, have failed in clinical trials. Our recent understanding regarding the mechanisms of cell death during a mitotic arrest pointed out apoptosis as the main variable, providing an opportunity to control the cell fates and influence the effectiveness of antimitotics. Here, we provide an overview on the second-generation of antimitotics, and discuss possible strategies that exploit SAC activity, mitotic slippage/exit and apoptosis induction, in order to improve the efficacy of anticancer strategies that target mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Henriques
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; INEB, Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Ribeiro
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joel Pedrosa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; INEB, Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal; i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia M A Silva
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada Em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra PRD, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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10
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Nascimento AV, Singh A, Bousbaa H, Ferreira D, Sarmento B, Amiji MM. Overcoming cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer with Mad2 silencing siRNA delivered systemically using EGFR-targeted chitosan nanoparticles. Acta Biomater 2017; 47:71-80. [PMID: 27697601 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Efficiency of chemotherapy is often limited by low therapeutic index of the drug as well as emergence of inherent and acquired drug resistance in cancer cells. As a common strategy to overcome drug resistance, higher doses of chemo-agents are administered. However, adverse side effects are usually increased as a consequence. A potentially effective approach is to combine chemotherapy with other therapeutic strategies such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that allow the use of lower yet efficient doses of the anticancer drugs. We previously developed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted chitosan (CS) nanoparticles as a versatile delivery system for silencing the essential mitotic checkpoint gene Mad2, and induce cell death. Here, we tested this system as a single therapy and in combination with cisplatin in cisplatin sensitive and resistant lung cancer models, and characterized its in vivo efficacy and safety. Combination treatment resulted in significant improvement in tumor inhibition that was strikingly more effective in cisplatin-resistant tumors. Importantly, effective cisplatin dosage was dramatically reduced in the co-therapy regimen resulting in negligible toxic effects from the drug as confirmed by parameters such as body weight gain, biochemical markers of hepatic and renal function, and histopathology of liver/kidney/spleen tissues. Overall, we demonstrate that the combination of Mad2 siRNA-loaded CS nanoparticles strategy with chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin constitutes an efficient and safe approach for the treatment of drug resistant tumors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Lung cancer remains one of the leading killers in the United States and around the world. Platinum agents, including cisplatin, are the first line treatment in lung cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the predominant form of lung cancer. In this study, we have evaluated Mad2 cell-cycle checkpoint gene silencing using small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivered systemically using epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted chitosan nanoparticles in drug sensitive and resistant models of NSCLC. Our results show that Mad2 gene silencing using targeted chitosan nanoparticles has tremendous potential in overcoming platinum resistance in NSCLC.
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11
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Nascimento AV, Gattacceca F, Singh A, Bousbaa H, Ferreira D, Sarmento B, Amiji MM. Biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of Mad2 siRNA-loaded EGFR-targeted chitosan nanoparticles in cisplatin sensitive and resistant lung cancer models. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:767-81. [PMID: 26980454 PMCID: PMC4910968 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.16.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study focuses on biodistribution profile and pharmacokinetic parameters of EGFR-targeted chitosan nanoparticles (TG CS nanoparticles) for siRNA/cisplatin combination therapy of lung cancer. MATERIAL & METHODS Mad2 siRNA was encapsulated in EGFR targeted and nontargeted (NTG) CS nanoparticles by electrostatic interaction. The biodistribution of the nanoparticles was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively in cisplatin (DDP) sensitive and resistant lung cancer xenograft model. RESULTS TG nanoparticles showed a consistent and preferential tumor targeting ability with rapid clearance from the plasma to infiltrate and sustain within the tumor up to 96 h. They exhibit a sixfold higher tumor targeting efficiency compared with the NTG nanoparticles. CONCLUSION TG nanoparticles present as an attractive drug delivery platform for RNAi therapeutics against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vanessa Nascimento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florence Gattacceca
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier IRCM, INSERM U1194, ICM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hassan Bousbaa
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Domingos Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
- I3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Lawrence KS, Chau T, Engebrecht J. DNA damage response and spindle assembly checkpoint function throughout the cell cycle to ensure genomic integrity. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005150. [PMID: 25898113 PMCID: PMC4405263 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Errors in replication or segregation lead to DNA damage, mutations, and aneuploidies. Consequently, cells monitor these events and delay progression through the cell cycle so repair precedes division. The DNA damage response (DDR), which monitors DNA integrity, and the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which responds to defects in spindle attachment/tension during metaphase of mitosis and meiosis, are critical for preventing genome instability. Here we show that the DDR and SAC function together throughout the cell cycle to ensure genome integrity in C. elegans germ cells. Metaphase defects result in enrichment of SAC and DDR components to chromatin, and both SAC and DDR are required for metaphase delays. During persistent metaphase arrest following establishment of bi-oriented chromosomes, stability of the metaphase plate is compromised in the absence of DDR kinases ATR or CHK1 or SAC components, MAD1/MAD2, suggesting SAC functions in metaphase beyond its interactions with APC activator CDC20. In response to DNA damage, MAD2 and the histone variant CENPA become enriched at the nuclear periphery in a DDR-dependent manner. Further, depletion of either MAD1 or CENPA results in loss of peripherally associated damaged DNA. In contrast to a SAC-insensitive CDC20 mutant, germ cells deficient for SAC or CENPA cannot efficiently repair DNA damage, suggesting that SAC mediates DNA repair through CENPA interactions with the nuclear periphery. We also show that replication perturbations result in relocalization of MAD1/MAD2 in human cells, suggesting that the role of SAC in DNA repair is conserved. Checkpoints are surveillance pathways that monitor and correct cellular errors to ensure that the genome is transmitted intact through cell division; defects in checkpoints lead to human disease such as cancer. Two major checkpoint pathways that have been extensively studied are the DNA damage response and the spindle assembly checkpoint. As their names imply, they have been thought to monitor distinct chromosomal events during the cell cycle. Here, we used C. elegans proliferating germ cells and human cells to investigate the role of these checkpoints when either DNA is damaged or the spindle is perturbed. We discovered that these checkpoints function together in response to these different perturbations to ensure genome integrity. Our studies have important implications for cancer treatments, as many cancer chemotherapies target one of these checkpoint pathways without consideration for the effect on the other pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S. Lawrence
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Biochemistry, Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Thinh Chau
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Biochemistry, Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - JoAnne Engebrecht
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Biochemistry, Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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13
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Teixeira JH, Silva P, Faria J, Ferreira I, Duarte P, Delgado ML, Queirós O, Moreira R, Barbosa J, Lopes CA, do Amaral JB, Monteiro LS, Bousbaa H. Clinicopathologic significance of BubR1 and Mad2 overexpression in oral cancer. Oral Dis 2015; 21:713-20. [PMID: 25754611 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES BubR1 and Mad2 are central components of the mitotic checkpoint complex that inhibits anaphase onset until all chromosomes are correctly aligned at the metaphase plate. We propose to analyse the combined expression of BubR1 and Mad2 and assess its significance to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) diagnosis and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS BubR1 and Mad2 expression was assessed by real-time PCR in OSCC cell lines and in normal human oral keratinocytes, and by immunohistochemistry in 65 patients with OSCC. The results were compared regarding clinicopathological parameters, proliferative activity and survival. RESULTS BubR1 and Mad2 transcripts were overexpressed in OSCC cell lines which also exhibited attenuated spindle assembly checkpoint activity. BubR1 and Mad2 were also overexpressed in patients with OSCC. BubR1 expression was associated with advanced stages and larger tumour size in univariate analysis, and with shorter overall survival both in univariate and multivariate analysis. Mad2 overexpression was associated with that of BubR1 and, importantly, high expression of Mad2 and BubR1 was associated with increased cellular proliferation. CONCLUSION Our data propose a role for BubR1 and Mad2 in OSCC cellular proliferation, progression and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Teixeira
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - Pma Silva
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal.,Centre for Molecular and Structural Biomedicine, CBME/IBB, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - J Faria
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - I Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - P Duarte
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - M L Delgado
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - O Queirós
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal.,CBMA - Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - R Moreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal.,CBMA - Center of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - J Barbosa
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - C A Lopes
- Molecular Pathology and Immunology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - J B do Amaral
- Stomatology Department, Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L S Monteiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal
| | - H Bousbaa
- Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, CESPU, Gandra PRD, Portugal.,Centro de Química Medicinal da Universidade do Porto (CEQUIMED-UP), Porto, Portugal.,Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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14
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Kim YD, Park TE, Singh B, Maharjan S, Choi YJ, Choung PH, Arote RB, Cho CS. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of siRNA for effective lung cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:1165-88. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most lethal diseases worldwide, and the survival rate is less than 15% even after the treatment. Unfortunately, chemotherapeutic treatments for lung cancer are accompanied by severe side effects, lack of selectivity and multidrug resistance. In order to overcome the limitations of conventional chemotherapy, nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference drugs represent a potential new approach due to selective silencing effect of oncogenes and multidrug resistance related genes. In this review, we provide recent advancements on nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery strategies including lipid system, polymeric system and rigid nanoparticles for lung cancer therapies. Importantly, codelivery of siRNA with conventional anticancer drugs and recent theranostic agents that offer great potential for lung cancer therapy is covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dong Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Bijay Singh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Sushila Maharjan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Pill-Hoon Choung
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Rohidas B. Arote
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Su Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology & Research Institute for Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea
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15
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Nascimento AV, Singh A, Bousbaa H, Ferreira D, Sarmento B, Amiji MM. Mad2 checkpoint gene silencing using epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted chitosan nanoparticles in non-small cell lung cancer model. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3515-27. [PMID: 25256346 PMCID: PMC4186685 DOI: 10.1021/mp5002894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
RNA
interference has emerged as a powerful strategy in cancer therapy
because it allows silencing of specific genes associated with tumor
progression and resistance. Mad2 is an essential mitotic checkpoint
component required for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis,
and its complete abolition leads to cell death. We have developed
an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted chitosan system
for silencing the Mad2 gene as a strategy to efficiently
induce cell death in EGFR overexpressing human A549 non-small cell
lung cancer cells. Control and EGFR-targeted chitosan nanoparticles
loaded with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against Mad2 were formulated
and characterized for size, charge, morphology, and encapsulation
efficiency. Qualitative and quantitative intracellular uptake studies
by confocal imaging and flow cytometry, respectively, showed time-dependent
enhanced and selective intracellular internalization of EGFR-targeted
nanoparticles compared to nontargeted system. Targeted nanoparticles
showed nearly complete depletion of Mad2 expression in A549 cells
contrasting with the partial depletion in the nontargeted system.
Accordingly, Mad2-silencing-induced apoptotic cell death was confirmed
by cytotoxicity assay and flow cytometry. Our results demonstrate
that EGFR-targeted chitosan loaded with Mad2 siRNAs
is a potent delivery system for selective killing of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vanessa Nascimento
- CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, IINFACTS, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
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