1
|
Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė E, Gečaitė J, Balevičiūtė A, Szewczyk A, Želvys A, Lekešytė B, Malyško-Ptašinskė V, Mickevičiūtė E, Malakauskaitė P, Kulbacka J, Novickij V. Effects of buffer composition and plasmid toxicity on electroporation-based non-viral gene delivery in mammalian cells using bursts of nanosecond and microsecond pulses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1430637. [PMID: 39050682 PMCID: PMC11266100 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1430637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene electrotransfer (GET) is non-viral gene delivery technique, also known as electroporation-mediated gene delivery or electrotransfection. GET is a method used to introduce foreign genetic material (such as DNA or RNA) into cells by applying external pulsed electric fields (PEFs) to create temporary pores in the cell membrane. This study was undertaken to examine the impact of buffer composition on the efficiency of GET in mammalian cells Also, we specifically compared the effectiveness of high-frequency nanosecond (ns) pulses with standard microsecond (µs) pulses. For the assessment of cell transfection efficiency and viability, flow cytometric analysis, luminescent assays, and measurements of metabolic activity were conducted. The efficiency of electrotransfection was evaluated using two different proteins encoding plasmids (pEGFP-N1 and Luciferase-pcDNA3). The investigation revealed that the composition of the electroporation buffer significantly influences the efficacy of GET in CHO-K1 cell line. The different susceptibility of cell lines to the electric field and the plasmid cytotoxicity were reported. It was also shown that electroporation with nanosecond duration PEF protocols ensured equivalent or even better transfection efficiency than standard µsPEF. Additionally, we successfully performed long-term transfection of the murine 4T1 cell line using high-frequency nanosecond PEFs and confirmed its' applicability in an in vivo model. The findings from the study can be applied to optimize electrotransfection conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eivina Radzevičiūtė-Valčiukė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jovita Gečaitė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Austėja Balevičiūtė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anna Szewczyk
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Augustinas Želvys
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Barbora Lekešytė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Eglė Mickevičiūtė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Malakauskaitė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Vitalij Novickij
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology and Bioelectrochemistry, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo F, Luo Z, Zhou W. Considering Joule heating in coupled electroporation and electrodeformation modeling of glioblastoma cells. Comput Biol Med 2024; 177:108678. [PMID: 38833796 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Cells exposed to a pulsed electric field undergo electroporation(EP) and electrodeformation(ED) under electric field stress, and a coupled model of EP and ED of glioblastoma(GBM) taking into account Joule heating is proposed. The model geometry is extracted from real cell boundaries, and the effects of Joule heating-induced temperature rise on the EP and ED processes are considered. The results show that the temperature rise will increase the cell's local conductivity, leading to a decrease in the transmembrane potential(TMP). The temperature rise also causes a decrease in the dynamic Young's modulus of the cell membrane, making the cell less resistant to deformation. In addition, GBM cells are more susceptible to EP in the middle portion of the cell and ED in the three tentacle portions under pulsed electric fields, and the cells undergo significant positional shifts. The ED of the nucleus is similar to spherical cells, but the degree of ED is smaller.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- Institute of Ecological Safety, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China.
| | - Zhijun Luo
- Institute of Ecological Safety, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Weina Zhou
- Institute of Ecological Safety, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lopes LB, Pintarelli GB, Guedert R, Andrade DLLS, Antonio AC, Ramos CTS, da Silva JR, Rangel MMM, Suzuki DOH. Novel tetrapolar single-needle electrode for electrochemotherapy in bone cavities: Modeling, design and validation. Med Eng Phys 2024; 125:104120. [PMID: 38508798 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy is a cancer treatment in which local pulsed electric fields are delivered through electrodes. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on exposing the tumor to a threshold electric field. Electrode geometry plays an important role in the resulting electric field distribution, especially in hard-to-reach areas and deep-seated tumors. We designed and developed a novel tetrapolar single-needle electrode for proper treatment in bone cavities. In silico and in vitro experiments were performed to evaluate the electric field and electric current produced by the electrode. In addition, tomography images of a real case of nasal cavity tumor were segmented into a 3D simulation to evaluate the electrode performance in a bone cavity. The proposed electrode was validated and its operating range was set up to 650 V. In the nasal cavity tumor, we found that the electrode can produce a circular electric field of 3 mm with an electric current of 14.1 A at 500 V, which is compatible with electrochemotherapy standards and commercial equipment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas B Lopes
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme B Pintarelli
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil; Department of Control and Automation Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, 89036-004, SC, Brazil
| | - Raul Guedert
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniella L L S Andrade
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Afrânio C Antonio
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Clara T S Ramos
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Jéssica R da Silva
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela O H Suzuki
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sauer N, Szlasa W, Szewczyk A, Novickij V, Saczko J, Baczyńska D, Daczewska M, Kulbacka J. Effects of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field on Immune Checkpoint Receptors in Melanoma Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1362. [PMID: 37895833 PMCID: PMC10610193 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint molecules such as PD-1, LAG-3, and TIM-3 are currently under extensive investigation for their roles in the attenuation of the immune response in cancer. Various methods have been applied to overcome the challenges in this field. This study investigated the effects of nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) treatment on the expression of immune checkpoint molecules in A375 and C32 melanoma cells. The researchers found that the nsPEF treatment was able to enhance membrane permeabilization and morphological changes in the cell membrane without being cytotoxic. We found that the effects of nsPEFs on melanoma included (1) the transport of vesicles from the inside to the outside of the cells, (2) cell contraction, and (3) the migration of lipids from inside the cells to their peripheries. The treatment increased the expression of PD-1 checkpoint receptors. Furthermore, we also observed potential co-localization or clustering of MHC class II and PD-1 molecules on the cell surface and the secretion of cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. These findings suggest that nsPEF treatment could be a viable approach to enhance the delivery of therapeutic agents to cancer cells and to modulate the tumor microenvironment to promote an antitumor immune response. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying these effects and their impacts on the antitumor immune response, and to investigate the potential of nsPEF treatment in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors to improve clinical outcomes for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sauer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Szewczyk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (D.B.)
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Vitalij Novickij
- Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 08217 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Dagmara Baczyńska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Małgorzata Daczewska
- Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.S.); (D.B.)
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mondal N, Dalal DC. Modelling of reversible tissue electroporation and its thermal effects in drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 190:47-57. [PMID: 37459904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Electroporation is a very useful tool for drug delivery into various diseased tissues of the human body. This technique helps to improve the clinical treatment by transferring drugs into the targeted cells rapidly. In electroporation, drug particles enter easily into the intracellular compartment through the temporarily permeabilized cell membrane due to the applied electric field. In this work, a mathematical model of drug delivery focusing on reversible tissue electroporation is presented. In addition, the thermal effects on the tissue, which is an outcome of Joule heating, are also considered. This model introduces a time-dependent mass transfer coefficient, which is significant to drug transport. Multiple pulses with low voltage are applied to reach sufficient drugs into the targeted cells. Based on the physical circumstances, a set of differential equations are considered and solved. The changes in drug concentration with different parameters (e.g., diffusion coefficient, drug permeability, pulse length, and pulse number) are analyzed. The model optimizes the electroporation parameters to uptake sufficient drugs into the cells with no thermal damage. This model can be used in clinical experiments to predict drug uptake into the infected cells by controlling the model parameters according to the nature of infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Mondal
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, The ICFAI University Tripura, West Tripura, Agartala 799210, Tripura, India.
| | - D C Dalal
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sarreshtehdari A, Burdio F, López-Alonso B, Lucía Ó, Burdio JM, Villamonte M, Andaluz A, García-Arnas F, Berjano E, Moll X. Preliminary evaluation of the safety and efficacy of glucose solution infusion through the hepatic artery on irreversible electroporation focusing. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7120. [PMID: 37130847 PMCID: PMC10154417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33487-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to electrical features of the tissue, such as impedance, which have a significant impact on irreversible electroporation (IRE) function, the administration of glucose solution 5% (GS5%) through the hepatic artery would focus IRE on scattered liver tumors. By creating a differential impedance between healthy and tumor tissue. This study aimed to determine the effects of the GS5% protocol on healthy liver tissue and its safety. 21 male Athymic nude rats Hsd: RH-Foxn1mu were used in the study. Animals were split into two groups. In group 1, a continuous infusion through the gastroduodenal artery of GS5% was performed to measure the impedance with a dose of 0.008 mL/g for 16 min. In group 2, the animals were divided into two subgroups for infusions of GS5%. Group 2.1, at 0.008 mL/g for 16 min. Group 2.2 at 0.03 mL/g for 4 min. Blood samples were collected after anesthesia has been induced. The second sample, after catheterization of the artery, and the third after the GS5% infusion. All the animals were sacrificed to collect histological samples. The survival rate during the experiment was 100%. A considerable impact on the impedance of the tissue was noticed, on average up to 4.31 times more than the baseline, and no side effects were observed after GS5% infusion. In conclusion, impedance alteration by Glucose solution infusion may focus IRE on tumor tissue and decrease IRE's effects on healthy tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Sarreshtehdari
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Burdio
- General Surgery Department, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Borja López-Alonso
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Communications, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Óscar Lucía
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Communications, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Miguel Burdio
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Communications, University of Zaragoza, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Villamonte
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Andaluz
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F García-Arnas
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Berjano
- BioMIT, Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Xavier Moll
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Fundació Hospital Clínic Veterinari, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Spiliotis AE, Holländer S, Rudzitis-Auth J, Wagenpfeil G, Eisele R, Nika S, Mallis Kyriakides O, Laschke MW, Menger MD, Glanemann M, Gäbelein G. Evaluation of Electrochemotherapy with Bleomycin in the Treatment of Colorectal Hepatic Metastases in a Rat Model. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051598. [PMID: 36900388 PMCID: PMC10000671 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The available ablative procedures for the treatment of hepatic cancer have contraindications due to the heat-sink effect and the risk of thermal injuries. Electrochemotherapy (ECT) as a nonthermal approach may be utilized for the treatment of tumors adjacent to high-risk regions. We evaluated the effectiveness of ECT in a rat model. METHODS WAG/Rij rats were randomized to four groups and underwent ECT, reversible electroporation (rEP), or intravenous injection of bleomycin (BLM) eight days after subcapsular hepatic tumor implantation. The fourth group served as Sham. Tumor volume and oxygenation were measured before and five days after the treatment using ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging; thereafter, liver and tumor tissue were additionally analysed by histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The ECT group showed a stronger reduction in tumor oxygenation compared to the rEP and BLM groups; moreover, ECT-treated tumors exhibited the lowest levels of hemoglobin concentration compared to the other groups. Histological analyses further revealed a significantly increased tumor necrosis of >85% and a reduced tumor vascularization in the ECT group compared to the rEP, BLM, and Sham groups. CONCLUSION ECT is an effective approach for the treatment of hepatic tumors with necrosis rates >85% five days following treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonios E. Spiliotis
- Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +49-0304-5065-2625
| | - Sebastian Holländer
- Department of General Surgery, Vascular-, Visceral- and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jeannette Rudzitis-Auth
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Wagenpfeil
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Robert Eisele
- Department of General Surgery, Vascular-, Visceral- and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Spyridon Nika
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Orestis Mallis Kyriakides
- Department of General Surgery, Vascular-, Visceral- and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D. Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Glanemann
- Department of General Surgery, Vascular-, Visceral- and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Gereon Gäbelein
- Department of General Surgery, Vascular-, Visceral- and Pediatric Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhong S, Yao S, Zhao Q, Wang Z, Liu Z, Li L, Wang ZL. Electricity‐Assisted Cancer Therapy: From Traditional Clinic Applications to Emerging Methods Integrated with Nanotechnologies. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202200143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Songjing Zhong
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
| | - Shuncheng Yao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
| | - Qinyu Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research Guangxi University Nanning 530004 P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
| | - Linlin Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research Guangxi University Nanning 530004 P.R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101400 P.R. China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research Guangxi University Nanning 530004 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bendix MB, Houston A, Forde PF, Brint E. Defining optimal parameters to maximize the effect of electrochemotherapy on lung cancer cells whilst preserving the integrity of immune cells. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108257. [PMID: 36116295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is becoming an established therapy for melanoma and is under investigation for application in additional cancer types. One potential cancer type that may benefit from ECT is lung cancer as lung cancer treatments remain unable to deliver long-lasting treatment responses. Given the importance of the immune system in lung cancer, here we have also examined the impact of ECT on immune populations. The impact of electroporation and ECT on three human lung cancer cell lines (A549, H460, SK-MES 1), one murine cell line (LLC) and murine T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages was examined. The viability, metabolic activity and recovery potential post-treatment of all cell types was determined to evaluate the potential utility of ECT as a lung cancer treatment. Our findings demonstrate that cisplatin at 11 µM would be the suggested drug of choice when using ECT for lung cancer treatment. Our study also shows that T cells are not impacted by any tested condition, whilst dendritic cells and macrophages are significantly negatively impacted by electric field strengths surpassing 800 V/cm in vitro. Therefore, current ECT protocols (using 1000 V/cm in vivo) might need to adapted to improve viability of the immune population, thus improving therapy outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maura B Bendix
- Cancer Research @ UCC, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland; Department of Pathology, University College Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, Ireland
| | - Aileen Houston
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, Ireland
| | | | - Elizabeth Brint
- Department of Pathology, University College Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Ireland, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen H, Hou K, Yu J, Wang L, Chen X. Nanoparticle-Based Combination Therapy for Melanoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:928797. [PMID: 35837089 PMCID: PMC9273962 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.928797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a cutaneous carcinoma, and its incidence is rapidly increasing with every year. The treatment options for melanoma have been comprehensively studied. Conventional treatment methods (e.g., radiotherapy, chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy) with surgical removal inevitably cause serious complications; moreover, resistance is common. Nanoparticles (NPs) combined with conventional methods are new and promising options to treat melanoma, and many combinations have been achieving good success. Due to their physical and biological features, NPs can help target intended melanoma cells more efficiently with less damage. This creates new hope for a better treatment strategy for melanoma with minimum damage and maximum efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Hou
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xue Chen, ; Le Wang,
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xue Chen, ; Le Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Simultaneous Gemcitabine and Percutaneous CT-Guided Irreversible Electroporation for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3523769. [PMID: 35747123 PMCID: PMC9213186 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3523769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a new local ablation technique for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study is to analyse the safety and effectiveness of simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC). Materials and Methods From October 2016 to January 2018, 61 patients with LAPC who received simultaneous gemcitabine and IRE therapy (GEM-IRE group, n = 31) or IRE alone therapy (IRE group, n = 30). Routine intravenous gemcitabine chemotherapy was performed 2 weeks after IRE in both groups. Results Technical success rates were 90.0% (27/30) and 93.3% (28/30) in the GEM-IRE and IRE groups. Compared with the IRE group, the GEM-IRE group exhibited longer overall survival (OS), local tumor progression free survival (LTPFS), and distant disease free survival (DDFS) from IRE (OS, 17.1 vs. 14.2 months, p=0.031; LTPFS, 14.6 vs. 10.2 months, p=0.045; DDFS, 15.4 vs. 11.7 months, p=0.071). Multivariate Cox regression analysis results suggested that tumor volume ≤37 cm3 and simultaneous gemcitabine with IRE were significant independent prognostic factors of OS, LTPFS, and DDFS. Four major adverse reactions occurred; all of them were resolved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions Simultaneous gemcitabine and percutaneous CT-guided IRE therapy model was effective and well-tolerated therapeutic strategy in LAPC patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Minimally Invasive Interventional Procedures for Metastatic Bone Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:4155-4177. [PMID: 35735441 PMCID: PMC9221897 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29060332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases are the main type of malignancy involving bone, which is the third most frequent site of metastatic carcinoma, after lung and liver. Skeletal-related events such as intractable pain, spinal cord compression, and pathologic fractures pose a serious burden on patients’ quality of life. For this reason, mini-invasive treatments for the management of bone metastases were developed with the goal of pain relief and functional status improvement. These techniques include embolization, thermal ablation, electrochemotherapy, cementoplasty, and MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound. In order to achieve durable pain palliation and disease control, mini-invasive procedures are combined with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, or analgesics. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recently published literature regarding interventional radiology procedures in the treatment of cancer patients with bone metastases, focusing on the efficacy, complications, local disease control and recurrence rate.
Collapse
|
13
|
Electrochemotherapy and immune interactions; A boost to the system? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2022; 48:1895-1900. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
14
|
Electroporation, electrochemotherapy and electro-assisted drug delivery in cancer. A state-of-the-art review. Biophys Chem 2022; 286:106819. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2022.106819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
15
|
Noble BB, Todorova N, Yarovsky I. Electromagnetic bioeffects: a multiscale molecular simulation perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:6327-6348. [PMID: 35245928 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05510k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetic bioeffects remain an enigma from both the experimental and theoretical perspectives despite the ubiquitous presence of related technologies in contemporary life. Multiscale computational modelling can provide valuable insights into biochemical systems and predict how they will be perturbed by external stimuli. At a microscopic level, it can be used to determine what (sub)molecular scale reactions various stimuli might induce; at a macroscopic level, it can be used to examine how these changes affect dynamic behaviour of essential molecules within the crowded biomolecular milieu in living tissues. In this review, we summarise and evaluate recent computational studies that examined the impact of externally applied electric and electromagnetic fields on biologically relevant molecular systems. First, we briefly outline the various methodological approaches that have been employed to study static and oscillating field effects across different time and length scales. The practical value of such modelling is then illustrated through representative case-studies that showcase the diverse effects of electric and electromagnetic field on the main physiological solvent - water, and the essential biomolecules - DNA, proteins, lipids, as well as some novel biomedically relevant nanomaterials. The implications and relevance of the theoretical multiscale modelling to practical applications in therapeutic medicine are also discussed. Finally, we summarise ongoing challenges and potential opportunities for theoretical modelling to advance the current understanding of electromagnetic bioeffects for their modulation and/or beneficial exploitation in biomedicine and industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Noble
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Australia. .,Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research, Australia
| | - Nevena Todorova
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Australia. .,Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research, Australia
| | - Irene Yarovsky
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Australia. .,Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
High-throughput, Label-free Proteomics Identifies Salient Proteins and Genes in MDA-MB-231 Cells Treated with Natural Neem-based Electrochemotherapy. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:148-166. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03787-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
Melanoma is a relentless type of skin cancer which involves myriad signaling pathways which regulate many cellular processes. This makes melanoma difficult to treat, especially when identified late. At present, therapeutics include chemotherapy, surgical resection, biochemotherapy, immunotherapy, photodynamic and targeted approaches. These interventions are usually administered as either a single-drug or in combination, based on tumor location, stage, and patients' overall health condition. However, treatment efficacy generally decreases as patients develop treatment resistance. Genetic profiling of melanocytes and the discovery of novel molecular factors involved in the pathogenesis of melanoma have helped to identify new therapeutic targets. In this literature review, we examine several newly approved therapies, and briefly describe several therapies being assessed for melanoma. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments and to consider future directions in the field of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar Dhanyamraju
- Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Pavan Kumar Dhanyamraju, Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA17033, USA. Tel: +1-6096474712, E-mail:
| | - Trupti N. Patel
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore Campus, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mondal N, Chakravarty K, Dalal DC. A mathematical model of drug dynamics in an electroporated tissue. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:8641-8660. [PMID: 34814317 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to overcome the obstruction of cell membranes in the path of drug delivery to diseased cells, the applications of electric pulses of adequate potency are designated as electroporation. In the present study, a mathematical model of drug delivery into the electroporated tissue is advocated, which deals with both reversibly and irreversibly electroporated cells. This mathematical formulation is manifested through a set of differential equations, which are solved analytically, and numerically, according to the complexity, with a pertinent set of initial and boundary conditions. The time-dependent mass transfer coefficient in terms of pores is used to find the drug concentrations through reversibly and irreversibly electroporated cells as well as extracellular space. The effects of permeability of drug, electric field and pulse period on drug concentrations in extracellular and intracellular regions are discussed. The threshold value of an electric field (E>100 V cm-1) to initiate drug uptake is identified in this study. Special emphasis is also put on two cases of electroporation, drug dynamics during ongoing electroporation and drug dynamics after the electric pulse period is over. Furthermore, all the simulated results and graphical portrayals are discussed in detail to have a transparent vision in comprehending the underlying physical and physiological phenomena. This model could be useful to various clinical experiments for drug delivery in the targeted tissue by controlling the model parameters depending on the tissue condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Mondal
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Koyel Chakravarty
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science and Technology, ICFAI University Tripura, Tripura 799210, India
| | - D C Dalal
- Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Electroporation of suspension cell lines - A proposed assay set for optimizations. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 142:107891. [PMID: 34425391 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To make in vitro single cell electroporation protocols more comparable between various cancer types and groups, we propose a set of assays to test a range of electric field strengths at the start of any new project to determine the optimal electric field strength for a given cell line. While testing a range of electric field strengths, we kept the other ESOPE parameters constant (8 pulses, 100 µs pulse duration, 1 Hz pulse frequency). Basic assays were employed to measure short-term viability, effectiveness of treatment, metabolic activity, and recovery potential post-treatment to determine the optimal field strength for a particular cell line. Six cancer cell lines were tested, three of human (A549, A375 and Pan02) and three murine (LLC, B16F10 and MIA-PACA2). Our findings demonstrate that the optimal electroporation setting while keeping with all other ESOPE parameters are 800 V/cm for A549 and Pan02, 700 V/cm for A375, Mia-PACA2, and B16F10, and 1300 V/cm for LLC. Having an agreed upon set of assays to determine each cell lines optimal electric field strength should allow an improve translation of findings between cell lines for in vitro work from various groups and potentially improve translation into the clinic.
Collapse
|
20
|
da Luz JCDS, Antunes F, Clavijo-Salomon MA, Signori E, Tessarollo NG, Strauss BE. Clinical Applications and Immunological Aspects of Electroporation-Based Therapies. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:727. [PMID: 34358144 PMCID: PMC8310106 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible electropermeabilization (RE) is an ultrastructural phenomenon that transiently increases the permeability of the cell membrane upon application of electrical pulses. The technique was described in 1972 by Neumann and Rosenheck and is currently used in a variety of applications, from medicine to food processing. In oncology, RE is applied for the intracellular transport of chemotherapeutic drugs as well as the delivery of genetic material in gene therapies and vaccinations. This review summarizes the physical changes of the membrane, the particularities of bleomycin, and the immunological aspects involved in electrochemotherapy and gene electrotransfer, two important EP-based cancer therapies in human and veterinary oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Carlos dos Santos da Luz
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Cancer Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (J.C.d.S.d.L.); (F.A.); (N.G.T.)
| | - Fernanda Antunes
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Cancer Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (J.C.d.S.d.L.); (F.A.); (N.G.T.)
| | | | - Emanuela Signori
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nayara Gusmão Tessarollo
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Cancer Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (J.C.d.S.d.L.); (F.A.); (N.G.T.)
| | - Bryan E. Strauss
- Viral Vector Laboratory, Cancer Institute of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-000, Brazil; (J.C.d.S.d.L.); (F.A.); (N.G.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Edelblute C, Mangiamele C, Heller R. Moderate Heat-Assisted Gene Electrotransfer for Cutaneous Delivery of a DNA Vaccine Against Hepatitis B Virus. Hum Gene Ther 2021; 32:1360-1369. [PMID: 33926214 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2021.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An estimated 350 million people are living with chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide. Preventative HBV vaccination in infants has reduced the disease burden; however, insufficient immunization programs and access obstacles leave vulnerable populations at risk for infection in endemic regions. Gene electrotransfer (GET) using a noninvasive multielectrode array (MEA) provides an alternative platform for DNA vaccination in the skin. DNA vaccines are nonlive and nonreplicating and temperature stable unlike their counterparts. In addition, their simple engineering allows them to be manufactured quickly at a low cost. In the current work, we present the combination of GET and moderate heating for delivery of a DNA vaccine against HBV. Our laboratory has previously shown the synergy between moderate tissue preheating at 43°C and GET with the MEA as a means to reduce both the applied voltage and pulse number to achieve similar if not higher gene expression than GET alone. In this study, we expand upon this work, by optimizing the plasmid dose to achieve the highest level of expression. Using the reporter gene luciferase, we found that an intradermal injection of 100 μL at 1 mg/mL induced the highest expression levels across all tested GET conditions. We then evaluated our moderate heat-assisted GET platform for the intradermal delivery of a plasmid encoding Hepatitis B surface antigen (pHBsAg) via a prime and prime plus boost vaccination protocol. At 18 weeks, following the prime plus boost protocol, we observed that a high-voltage low-pulse GET condition with moderate heating (45 V 36 p+heat) generated antibodies against Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAb) at peak measuring 230-fold over injection of plasmid DNA alone with moderate heating. HBsAbs remained robust over the 30-week observation period. These data suggest that moderate heat-assisted GET has the potential to induce strong immune responses, an attractive feature for development of an alternative vaccine delivery platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Edelblute
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, and.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Richard Heller
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, and.,Department of Medical Engineering, Colleges of Medicine and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fusco R, Di Bernardo E, D'Alessio V, Salati S, Cadossi M. Reduction of muscle contraction and pain in electroporation-based treatments: An overview. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:367-381. [PMID: 34131568 PMCID: PMC8173331 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i5.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the first studies of electrochemotherapy (ECT), small cutaneous metastases were treated and only mild or moderate pain was observed; therefore, pain was not considered a significant issue. As the procedure began to be applied to larger cutaneous metastases, pain was reported more frequently. For that reason, reduction of both muscle contractions and pain have been investigated over the years.
AIM To present an overview of different protocols described in literature that aim to reduce muscle contractions and pain caused by the electroporation (EP) effect in both ECT and irreversible EP treatments.
METHODS Thirty-three studies published between January 1999 and November 2020 were included. Different protocol designs and electrode geometries that reduce patient pain and the number of muscle contractions and their intensity were analysed.
RESULTS The analysis showed that both high frequency and bipolar/biphasic pulses can be used to reduce pain and muscle contractions in patients who undergo EP treatments. Moreover, adequate electrode design can decrease EP-related morbidity. Particularly, needle length, diameter and configuration of the distance between the needles can be optimised so that the muscle volume crossed by the current is reduced as much as possible. Bipolar/biphasic pulses with an inadequate pulse length seem to have a less evident effect on the membrane permeability compared with the standard pulse protocol. For that reason, the number of pulses and the voltage amplitude, as well as the pulse duration and frequency, must be chosen so that the dose of delivered energy guarantees EP efficacy.
CONCLUSION Pain reduction in EP-based treatments can be achieved by appropriately defining the protocol parameters and electrode design. Most results can be achieved with high frequency and/or bipolar/biphasic pulses. However, the efficacy of these alternative protocols remains a crucial point to be assessed further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Fusco
- Department of Medical Oncology, IGEA SpA, Carpi 41012, Modena, Italy
| | - Elio Di Bernardo
- Department of Medical Oncology, IGEA SpA, Carpi 41012, Modena, Italy
| | - Valeria D'Alessio
- Department of Medical Oncology, IGEA SpA, Carpi 41012, Modena, Italy
| | - Simona Salati
- Department of Medical Oncology, IGEA SpA, Carpi 41012, Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Cadossi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IGEA SpA, Carpi 41012, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
High-Frequency and High-Voltage Asymmetric Bipolar Pulse Generator for Electroporation Based Technologies and Therapies. ELECTRONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics10101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Currently, in high-frequency electroporation, much progress has been made but limited to research groups with custom-made laboratory prototype electroporators. According to the review of electroporators and economic evaluations, there is still an area of pulse parameters that needs to be investigated. The development of an asymmetric bipolar pulse generator with a maximum voltage of 4 kV and minimum duration time of a few hundred nanoseconds, would enable in vivo evaluation of biological effects of high-frequency electroporation pulses. Herein, from a series of most commonly used drivers and optical isolations in high-voltage pulse generators the one with optimal characteristics was used. In addition, the circuit topology of the developed device is described in detail. The developed device is able to generate 4 kV pulses, with theoretical 131 A maximal current and 200 ns minimal pulse duration, the maximal pulse repetition rate is 2 MHz and the burst maximal repetition rate is 1 MHz. The device was tested in vivo. The effectiveness of electrochemotherapy of high-frequency electroporation pulses is compared to “classical” electrochemotherapy pulses. In vivo electrochemotherapy with high-frequency electroporation pulses was at least as effective as with “classical” well-established electric pulses, resulting in 86% and 50% complete responses, respectively. In contrast to previous reports, however, muscle contractions were comparable between the two protocols.
Collapse
|
24
|
Carr L, Golzio M, Orlacchio R, Alberola G, Kolosnjaj-Tabi J, Leveque P, Arnaud-Cormos D, Rols MP. A nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) can affect membrane permeabilization and cellular viability in a 3D spheroids tumor model. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 141:107839. [PMID: 34020398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cellular models represent more realistically the complexity of in vivo tumors compared to 2D cultures. While 3D models were largely used in classical electroporation, the effects of nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) have been poorly investigated. In this study, we evaluated the biological effects induced by nsPEF on spheroid tumor model derived from the HCT-116 human colorectal carcinoma cell line. By varying the number of pulses (from 1 to 500) and the polarity (unipolar and bipolar), the response of nsPEF exposure (10 ns duration, 50 kV/cm) was assessed either immediately after the application of the pulses or over a period lasting up to 6 days. Membrane permeabilization and cellular death occurred following the application of at least 100 pulses. The extent of the response increased with the number of pulses, with a significant decrease of viability, 24 h post-exposure, when 250 and 500 pulses were applied. The effects were highly reduced when an equivalent number of bipolar pulses were delivered. This reduction was eliminated when a 100 ns interphase interval was introduced into the bipolar pulses. Altogether, our results show that nsPEF effects, previously observed at the single cell level, also occur in more realistic 3D tumor spheroids models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Carr
- Univ. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, France; School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Muriel Golzio
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Rosa Orlacchio
- Univ. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, France
| | - Geraldine Alberola
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jelena Kolosnjaj-Tabi
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Delia Arnaud-Cormos
- Univ. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Marie-Pierre Rols
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gheorghiu A, Coveney PV, Arabi AA. The influence of external electric fields on proton transfer tautomerism in the guanine-cytosine base pair. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:6252-6265. [PMID: 33735350 PMCID: PMC8330266 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06218a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Watson-Crick base pair proton transfer tautomers would be widely considered as a source of spontaneous mutations in DNA replication if not for their short lifetimes and thermodynamic instability. This work investigates the effects external electric fields have on the stability of the guanine-cytosine proton transfer tautomers within a realistic strand of aqueous DNA using a combination of ensemble-based classical molecular dynamics (MD) coupled to quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM). Performing an ensemble of calculations accounts for the stochastic aspects of the simulations while allowing for easier identification of systematic errors. The methodology applied in this work has previously been shown to estimate base pair proton transfer rate coefficients that are in good agreement with recent experimental data. A range of electric fields in the order of 104 to 109 V m-1 is investigated based on their real-life medicinal applications which include gene therapy and cancer treatments. The MD trajectories confirm that electric fields up to 1.00 × 109 V m-1 have a negligible influence on the structure of the base pairs within DNA. The QM/MM results show that the application of large external electric fields (1.00 × 109 V m-1) parallel to the hydrogen bonds increases the thermodynamic population of the tautomers by up to one order of magnitude; moreover, the lifetimes of the tautomers remain insignificant when compared to the timescale of DNA replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gheorghiu
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Peter V Coveney
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK. and Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94323 1090 GH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alya A Arabi
- Centre for Computational Science, University College London, 20 Gordon St, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK. and College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Biochemistry Department, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, P. O. Box: 17666, United Arab Emirates.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Scandiffio R, Bozzi E, Ezeldin M, Capanna R, Ceccoli M, Colangeli S, Donati DM, Colangeli M. Image-guided Cryotherapy for Musculoskeletal Tumors. Curr Med Imaging 2021; 17:166-178. [PMID: 32842945 DOI: 10.2174/1573405616666200825162712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article represents a review of the use of image-guided cryotherapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal tumor lesions. Cryotherapy is able to induce a lethal effect on cancer cells through direct and indirect mechanisms. In this manuscript, we combined our experience with that of other authors who have published on this topic in order to provide indications on when to use cryotherapy in musculoskeletal oncology. DISCUSSION Image-Guided percutaneous cryotherapy is a therapeutic method now widely accepted in the treatment of patients with musculoskeletal tumors. It can be used both for palliative treatments of metastatic bone lesions and for the curative treatment of benign bone tumors, such as osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma. In the treatment of bone metastases, cryotherapy plays a major role in alleviating or resolving disease-related pain, but it has also been demonstrated that it can have a role in local disease control. In recent years, the use of cryotherapy has also expanded for the treatment of both benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. CONCLUSION Percutaneous cryotherapy can be considered a safe and effective technique in the treatment of benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors. Cryotherapy can be considered the first option in benign tumor lesions, such as osteoid osteoma, and a valid alternative to radiofrequency ablation. In the treatment of painful bone metastases, it must be considered secondarily to other standard treatments (radiotherapy, bisphosphonate therapy, and chemotherapy) when they are no longer effective in controlling the disease or when they cannot be repeated (for example, radiotherapy).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Scandiffio
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Cisanello University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Bozzi
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Cisanello University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mohamed Ezeldin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Sohag University Hospital, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Rodolfo Capanna
- 2nd Orthopedic Division, Department Of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Ceccoli
- 2nd Orthopedic Division, Department Of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Colangeli
- 2nd Orthopedic Division, Department Of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide M Donati
- Department of Musculo-Skeletal Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Colangeli
- Department of Musculo-Skeletal Oncology, IRCCS - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Strojan P, Grošelj A, Serša G, Plaschke CC, Vermorken JB, Nuyts S, de Bree R, Eisbruch A, Mendenhall WM, Smee R, Ferlito A. Electrochemotherapy in Mucosal Cancer of the Head and Neck: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061254. [PMID: 33809141 PMCID: PMC7999968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a local ablative treatment that is based on the reversible electroporation and intracellular accumulation of hydrophilic drug molecules, which greatly increases their cytotoxicity. In mucosal head and neck cancer (HNC), experience with ECT is limited due to the poor accessibility of tumors. In order to review the experience with ECT in mucosal HNC, we undertook a systematic review of the literature. In 22 articles, published between 1998 and 2020, 16 studies with 164 patients were described. Curative and palliative intent treatment were given to 36 (22%) and 128 patients (78%), respectively. The majority of tumors were squamous cell carcinomas (79.3%) and located in the oral cavity (62.8%). In the curative intent group, complete response after one ECT treatment was achieved in 80.5% of the patients, and in the palliative intent group, the objective (complete and partial) response rate was 73.1% (31.2% and 41.9%). No serious adverse events were reported during or soon after ECT and late effects were rare (19 events in 17 patients). The quality-of-life assessments did not show a significant deterioration at 12 months post-ECT. Provided these preliminary data are confirmed in randomized controlled trials, ECT may be an interesting treatment option in selected patients with HNC not amenable to standard local treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Primož Strojan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-5879290
| | - Aleš Grošelj
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Gregor Serša
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Christina Caroline Plaschke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery and Audiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Jan B. Vermorken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, and Department of Medical Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium;
| | - Sandra Nuyts
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven and Department of Radiation Oncology, UZ Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Remco de Bree
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Avraham Eisbruch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5010, USA;
| | - William M. Mendenhall
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0385, USA;
| | - Robert Smee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Prince of Wales Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia;
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of the International Head and Neck Scientific Group, 35100 Padua, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Goldberg E, Soba A, Gandía D, Fernández ML, Suárez C. Coupled mathematical modeling of cisplatin electroporation. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107788. [PMID: 33838515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a well-established technique to increase the cellular uptake of cytotoxic agents within certain cancer treatment strategies. The study of the mechanisms that take part in this complex process is of high interest to gain a deeper knowledge of it, enabling the improvement of these strategies. In this work, we present a coupled multi-physics electroporation model based on a related previous one, to describe the effect of a set of electric pulses on cisplatin transport across the plasma membrane. The model applies a system of partial differential equations that includes Poisson's equation for the electric field, Nernst-Planck's equation for species transport, Maxwell's tensor and mechanical equilibrium equation for membrane deformation and Smoluchowski's equation for pore creation dynamics. Our numerical results were compared with previous numerical and experimental published data with good qualitative and quantitative agreement. These results indicate that pore aperture is favored at the cell poles by the electric field and mechanical stress forces, giving support to the dominant hypothesis of hydrophilic pore creation as the main mechanism of drug entry during an ECT treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Goldberg
- Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Soba
- Centro Atómico Constituyentes, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Gandía
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fısica del Plasma (INFIP), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Laura Fernández
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fısica del Plasma (INFIP), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Suárez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fısica del Plasma (INFIP), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bazzolo B, Sieni E, Zamuner A, Roso M, Russo T, Gloria A, Dettin M, Conconi MT. Breast Cancer Cell Cultures on Electrospun Poly(ε-Caprolactone) as a Potential Tool for Preclinical Studies on Anticancer Treatments. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 8:bioengineering8010001. [PMID: 33375053 PMCID: PMC7822015 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During anticancer drug development, most compounds selected by in vitro screening are ineffective in in vivo studies and clinical trials due to the unreliability of two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cultures that are unable to mimic the cancer microenvironment. Herein, HCC1954 cell cultures on electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) were characterized by morphological analysis, cell viability assays, histochemical staining, immunofluorescence, and RT-PCR. Our data showed that electrospun PCL allows the in vitro formation of cultures characterized by mucopolysaccharide production and increased cancer stem cell population. Moreover, PCL-based cultures were less sensitive to doxorubicin and electroporation/bleomycin than those grown on polystyrene plates. Collectively, our data indicate that PCL-based cultures may be promising tools for preclinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bazzolo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy; (B.B.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Sieni
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Annj Zamuner
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (M.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Martina Roso
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (M.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Teresa Russo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54-Mostra d’Oltremare Pad. 20, 80125 Naples, Italy; (T.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Gloria
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54-Mostra d’Oltremare Pad. 20, 80125 Naples, Italy; (T.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.Z.); (M.R.); (M.D.)
| | - Maria Teresa Conconi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy; (B.B.); (M.T.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alkış ME, Buldurun K, Turan N, Alan Y, Yılmaz ÜK, Mantarcı A. Synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative of pyrimidine based ligand and its Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes and effectiveness of electroporation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:4073-4083. [PMID: 33251985 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1852965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the study, a new Schiff base (ligand) was obtained using 4-aminopyrimidine-2(1H)-one, the starting material, and 2,3,4-trimethoxy benzaldehyde. Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes were obtained from the reaction of the ligand and NiCl2·6H2O, PdCl2(CH3CN)2 (1:1 ratio). These compounds were characterized using the elemental and mass analysis, 1H, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis, and the X-ray diffraction analyses. The antiproliferative activities of the synthesized ligand, Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes were identified on the HepG2 (human liver cancer cells) cell line and their biocompatibility was tested on the L-929 (fibroblast cells) cell line by the MTT analysis method. Furthermore, the effects of electroporation (EP) on the cytotoxic activities of synthesized compounds were investigated in HepG2 cancer cells. According to the MTT findings of the study, the ligand did not exhibit an antiproliferative activity while its Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes exhibited an antiproliferative activity. Moreover, it was observed that the antiproliferative activity of the Pd(II) complex was stronger than that of the Ni(II) complex. The combined application of EP + compounds is much more effective than the usage of the compounds alone in the treatment of HepG2 cancer cells. The EP increased the cytotoxicity of the Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes by 1.66, and 2.54 times, respectively. It was concluded that Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes may contribute as potential anti-cancer agents for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and yield promising results in the case of being used in ECT.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Eşref Alkış
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Kenan Buldurun
- Department of Food Processing, Technical Sciences Vocational School, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Nevin Turan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Alan
- Department of Primary Education, Education Faculty, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Ünzile Keleştemur Yılmaz
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Asim Mantarcı
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Novickij V, Zinkevičienė A, Malyško V, Novickij J, Kulbacka J, Rembialkowska N, Girkontaitė I. Bioluminescence as a sensitive electroporation indicator in sub-microsecond and microsecond range of electrical pulses. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 213:112066. [PMID: 33142215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The cell membrane permeabilization in electroporation studies is usually quantified using fluorescent markers such as propidium iodide (PI) or YO-PRO, while Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line frequently serves as a model. In this work, as an alternative, we propose a sensitive methodology for detection and analysis of electroporation phenomenon based on bioluminescence. Luminescent mice myeloma SP2/0 cells (transfected using Luciferase-pcDNA3 plasmid) were used as a cell model. Electroporation has been studied using the 0.1-5 μs × 250 and 100 μs × 1-8 pulsing protocols in 1-2.5 kV/cm PEF range. It was shown that the bioluminescence response is dependent on the cell permeabilization state and can be effectively used to detect even weak permeabilization. During saturated permeabilization the methodology accurately predicts the losses of cell viability due to irreversible electroporation. The results have been superpositioned with permeabilization and pore resealing (1 h post-treatment) data using PI. Also, the viability of the cells was evaluated. Lastly, the SP2/0 tumors have been developed in BALB/C mice and the methodology has been tested in vivo using electrochemotherapy with bleomycin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitalij Novickij
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Auksė Zinkevičienė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Veronika Malyško
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jurij Novickij
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Nina Rembialkowska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Irutė Girkontaitė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Electrochemotherapy and Simultaneous Photodynamic Bone Stabilization of Upper Limbs in Metastatic Renal Cancer Disease: Case Report and Literature Review. Case Rep Med 2020; 2020:8408943. [PMID: 33110432 PMCID: PMC7582063 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8408943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metastatic bone disease represents a systemic pathology that heavily affects the quality of life of oncologic patients causing pain and functional disability. Methodology. We present the case of a patient with a history of renal cell cancer presenting pathologic fractures of both humeri and proximal right radius. Results After a careful multidisciplinary approach, an adjuvant anticancer therapy and a photodynamic bone stabilization procedure were performed with a minimally invasive technique aiming to minimize pain and local disease progression, while restoring functional autonomy and improving the patient's quality of life. Electrochemotherapy was delivered on the lytic bone lesions with extraskeletal involvement of the proximal left humerus and the proximal right radius, and then polymeric bone stabilization was performed on both humeri. At two months of follow-up, the patient presented satisfactory functional scores (MSTS score: 12/30 bilaterally; DASH scores: 46.7/100 for the right side and 48.3/100 for the left one), and pain was well controlled with opioid analgesics. Radiographs showed good results in terms of ossification of lytic bone lesions and durability of polymeric stabilization. At four months of follow-up, the patient reported a stable clinical scenario. Six months after surgery, due to extremely poor prognosis after the progression of primary disease, the patient was referred to palliative care and died shortly thereafter. Conclusion Over the last decade, the management of metastatic bone disease has changed. Low-toxicity and minimally invasive procedures such as electrochemotherapy and polymeric bone stabilization might be performed concomitantly in selected patients, as an alternative to radiation therapy and to more demanding surgical procedures such as plating and adjuvant cementing.
Collapse
|
33
|
Fesmire CC, Petrella RA, Kaufman JD, Topasna N, Sano MB. Irreversible electroporation is a thermally mediated ablation modality for pulses on the order of one microsecond. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 135:107544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
34
|
Merola G, Fusco R, Di Bernardo E, D’Alessio V, Izzo F, Granata V, Contartese D, Cadossi M, Audenino A, Perazzolo Gallo G. Design and Characterization of a Minimally Invasive Bipolar Electrode for Electroporation. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9090303. [PMID: 32967343 PMCID: PMC7563710 DOI: 10.3390/biology9090303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test a new bipolar electrode for electroporation consisting of a single minimally invasive needle. METHODS A theoretical study was performed by using Comsol Multiphysics® software. The prototypes of electrode have been tested on potatoes and pigs, adopting an irreversible electroporation protocol. Different applied voltages and different geometries of bipolar electrode prototype have been evaluated. RESULTS Simulations and pre-clinical tests have shown that the volume of ablated area is mainly influenced by applied voltage, while the diameter of the electrode had a lesser impact, making the goal of minimal-invasiveness possible. The conductive pole's length determined an increase of electroporated volume, while the insulated pole length inversely affects the electroporated volume size and shape; when the insulated pole length decreases, a more regular shape of the electric field is obtained. Moreover, the geometry of the electrode determined a different shape of the electroporated volume. A parenchymal damage in the liver of pigs due to irreversible electroporation protocol was observed. CONCLUSION The minimally invasive bipolar electrode is able to treat an electroporated volume of about 10 mm in diameter by using a single-needle electrode. Moreover, the geometry and the electric characteristics can be selected to produce ellipsoidal ablation volumes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Merola
- Oncology Medical and Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, 41012 Carpi, Italy; (G.M.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.); (M.C.); (G.P.G.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Oncology Medical and Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, 41012 Carpi, Italy; (G.M.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.); (M.C.); (G.P.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elio Di Bernardo
- Oncology Medical and Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, 41012 Carpi, Italy; (G.M.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.); (M.C.); (G.P.G.)
| | - Valeria D’Alessio
- Oncology Medical and Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, 41012 Carpi, Italy; (G.M.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.); (M.C.); (G.P.G.)
| | - Francesco Izzo
- Hepatobiliary Surgical Oncology Unit, “Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale—IRCCS di Napoli”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Radiology Unit, “Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale—IRCCS di Napoli”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Deyanira Contartese
- Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Matteo Cadossi
- Oncology Medical and Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, 41012 Carpi, Italy; (G.M.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.); (M.C.); (G.P.G.)
| | - Alberto Audenino
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10138 Turin, Italy;
| | - Giacomo Perazzolo Gallo
- Oncology Medical and Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, 41012 Carpi, Italy; (G.M.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.); (M.C.); (G.P.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Šilkūnas M, Bavirša M, Saulė R, Batiuškaitė D, Saulis G. To breathe or not to breathe? Hypoxia after pulsed-electric field treatment reduces the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in vitro. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 137:107636. [PMID: 32882444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bleomycin, which is the most widely used drugs in electrochemotherapy, requires oxygen to be able to make single- or double-strand brakes in DNA. However, the concentration of oxygen in tumours can be lower than 1%. The aim of this study was to find out whether oxygen concentration in the medium in which cells loaded with bleomycin are incubated, affects the effectiveness of electrochemotherapy in vitro. Experiments were carried out on mouse hepatoma MH-22A cells. Cells were loaded with bleomycin by using a single square-wave electric pulse (2 kV/cm, 100 μs) under normoxic conditions, seeded into Petri dishes, and grown under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Cell viability was determined by means of a colony-forming assay. We demonstrated that when cells loaded with bleomycin were incubated in hypoxia (0.2% O2), up to 5.3-fold higher concentrations of bleomycin were needed to kill them in comparison with cells grown in normoxia (18.7% O2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Šilkūnas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 8 Vileikos str., LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Mark Bavirša
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 8 Vileikos str., LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rita Saulė
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 8 Vileikos str., LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Danutė Batiuškaitė
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 8 Vileikos str., LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintautas Saulis
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 8 Vileikos str., LT-44404 Kaunas, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vera-Tizatl CE, Talamás-Rohana P, Vera-Hernández A, Leija-Salas L, Rodríguez-Cuevas SA, Chávez-Munguía B, Vera-Tizatl AL. Cell morphology impact on the set-up of electroporation protocols for in-suspension and adhered breast cancer cells. Electromagn Biol Med 2020; 39:323-339. [PMID: 32762310 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2020.1799387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to establish cancer-type-specific electroporation protocols for breast cancer, electroporation was performed in vitro in two modalities: in-suspension and adhered cells. Electroporation of cell suspensions was carried out through commercial electroporation cuvettes whereas a novel electrode for electroporation of adhered cells was designed and manufactured aimed to preserve cell structure, to provide a closer model to an in vivo scenario, and as a means to visualize the mechanical effects of electroporation on the cell membrane by using scanning electron microscopy. Electroporation protocols and electric field thresholds were predicted in silico and experimentally tuned through propidium iodide uptake and cell viability. Three breast-cancer cell lines (BT-20, MCF-7 and HCC1419) and a non-cancerous cell line (BEAS-2B) were used. Cancerous cells responded differently to electroporation depending on the electric parameters, cell histology, the cell culture modality, and the cell morphology (membrane thickness mainly), which was evaluated trough confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Particularly, it was found that electrochemotherapy may represent a promising alternative as an adjuvant treatment of metastatic breast tumours, and as a neoadjuvant therapy for Her2/neu tumours. Oppositely, triple negative breast tumours may show a high sensitivity to electroporation and therefore, they could be efficiently treated with irreversible electroporation. On the other hand, noncancerous cells demanded the highest voltage in both cell culture modalities in order to be electroporated. Hence, these cells in suspension may provide a reliable, easy-to-perform, low-cost model for the development of electroporation protocols for eradication of healthy tissue around a tumour in a safety margin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C E Vera-Tizatl
- Departamento De Infectómica Y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro De Investigación Y De Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - P Talamás-Rohana
- Departamento De Infectómica Y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro De Investigación Y De Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - A Vera-Hernández
- Departamento De Ingeniería Eléctrica, Centro De Investigación Y De Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - L Leija-Salas
- Departamento De Ingeniería Eléctrica, Centro De Investigación Y De Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - S A Rodríguez-Cuevas
- Scientific Research Department , Sociedad Mexicana De Oncología , Mexico City, México
| | - B Chávez-Munguía
- Departamento De Infectómica Y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro De Investigación Y De Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - A L Vera-Tizatl
- Departamento De Ingeniería Eléctrica, Centro De Investigación Y De Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li C, Li Y, Yao T, Zhou L, Xiao C, Wang Z, Zhai J, Xing J, Chen J, Tan G, Zhou Y, Qi S, Yu P, Ning C. Wireless Electrochemotherapy by Selenium-Doped Piezoelectric Biomaterials to Enhance Cancer Cell Apoptosis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:34505-34513. [PMID: 32508084 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer residues around the surgical site remain a significant cause of treatment failure with cancer recurrence. To prevent cancer recurrence and simultaneously repair surgery-caused defects, it is urgent to develop implantable biomaterials with anticancer ability and good biological activity. In this work, a functionalized implant is successfully fabricated by doping the effective anticancer element selenium (Se) into the potassium-sodium niobate piezoceramic, which realizes the wireless combination of electrotherapy and chemotherapy. Herein, we demonstrate that the Se-doped piezoelectric implant can cause mitochondrial damage by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and then trigger the caspase-3 pathway to significantly promote apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Meanwhile, its good biocompatibility has been verified. These results are of great importance for future deployment of wireless electro- and chemostimulation to modulate biological process around the defective tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yangfan Li
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Yao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Cairong Xiao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhengao Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jinxia Zhai
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xing
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Junqi Chen
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guoxin Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yahong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Suijian Qi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chengyun Ning
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sieni E, Bazzolo B, Pieretti F, Zamuner A, Tasso A, Dettin M, Conconi MT. Breast cancer cells grown on hyaluronic acid-based scaffolds as 3D in vitro model for electroporation. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 136:107626. [PMID: 32784105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, electroporation (EP) represents a promising method for the intracellular delivery of anticancer drugs. To setting up the process, the EP efficiency is usually evaluated by using cell suspension and adherent cell cultures that are not representative of the in vivo conditions. Indeed, cells are surrounded by extracellular matrix (ECM) whose composition and physical characteristics are different for each tissue. So, various three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models, such as spheroids and hydrogel-based cultures, have been proposed to mimic the tumour microenvironment. Herein, a 3D breast cancer in vitro model has been proposed. HCC1954 cells were seeded on crosslinked and lyophilized matrices composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) and ionic complementary self-assembling peptides (SAPs) already known to provide a fibrous structure mimicking collagen network. Herein, SAPs were functionalized with laminin derived IKVAV adhesion motif. Cultures were characterized by spheroids surrounded by ECM produced by cancer cells as demonstrated by collagen1a1 and laminin B1 transcripts. EP was carried out on both 2D and 3D cultures: a sequence of 8 voltage pulses at 5 kHz with different amplitude was applied using a plate electrode. Cell sensitivity to EP seemed to be modulated by the presence of ECM and the different cell organization. Indeed, cells cultured on HA-IKVAV were more sensitive than those treated in 2D and HA cultures, in terms of both cell membrane permeabilization and viability. Collectively, our results suggest that HA-IKVAV cultures may represent an interesting model for EP studies. Further studies will be needed to elucidate the influence of ECM composition on EP efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Sieni
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Via Dunant, 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Bianca Bazzolo
- University of Padova, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Fabio Pieretti
- University of Padova, Department of Industrial Engineering, Via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Annj Zamuner
- University of Padova, Department of Industrial Engineering, Via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Alessia Tasso
- University of Padova, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Dettin
- University of Padova, Department of Industrial Engineering, Via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Conconi
- University of Padova, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Novickij V, Balevičiūtė A, Ruzgys P, Šatkauskas S, Novickij J, Zinkevičienė A, Girkontaitė I. Sub-microsecond electrotransfection using new modality of high frequency electroporation. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 136:107594. [PMID: 32679337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Micro-millisecond range electric field pulses have been used for decades to facilitate DNA transfer into cells and tissues, while the growing number of clinical trials underline the strong potential of DNA electroporation. In this work, we present new sub-microsecond range protocols and methodology enabling successful electrotransfection in the sub-microsecond range. To facilitate DNA transfer, a 3 kV/60 A and high frequency (1 MHz) sub-microsecond range square wave generator was applied in the study. As a model, Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells were used. Sub-microsecond range (300-700 ns) high frequency pulsed electric fields of 2-15 kV/cm were applied. The efficiency of electrotransfection was evaluated using two green fluorescent protein encoding plasmids of different size (3.5 kbp and 4.7 kbp). It was shown that transfection efficiency cannot be effectively improved with increase of the number of pulses after a certain threshold, however, independently on the plasmid size, the proposed sub-microsecond range pulsing methodology (2-5 kV/cm; n = 250) efficiency-wise was equivalent to 1.5 kV/cm × 100 μs × 4 electroporation procedure. The results of the study are useful for further development of in vitro and in vivo methods for effective electrotransfer of DNA using shorter pulses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitalij Novickij
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Austėja Balevičiūtė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Paulius Ruzgys
- Biophysical Research Group, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Saulius Šatkauskas
- Biophysical Research Group, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurij Novickij
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Auksė Zinkevičienė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Irutė Girkontaitė
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, Vilnius, Lithuania
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Riccardo F, Barutello G, Petito A, Tarone L, Conti L, Arigoni M, Musiu C, Izzo S, Volante M, Longo DL, Merighi IF, Papotti M, Cavallo F, Quaglino E. Immunization against ROS1 by DNA Electroporation Impairs K-Ras-Driven Lung Adenocarcinomas . Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8020166. [PMID: 32268572 PMCID: PMC7349290 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapeutic approaches, there is still an urgent need for novel strategies to improve patient survival. ROS1, a tyrosine kinase receptor endowed with oncoantigen features, is activated by chromosomal rearrangement or overexpression in NSCLC and in several tumor histotypes. In this work, we have exploited transgenic mice harboring the activated K-Ras oncogene (K-RasG12D) that spontaneously develop metastatic NSCLC as a preclinical model to test the efficacy of ROS1 immune targeting. Indeed, qPCR and immunohistochemical analyses revealed ROS1 overexpression in the autochthonous primary tumors and extrathoracic metastases developed by K-RasG12D mice and in a derived transplantable cell line. As proof of concept, we have evaluated the effects of the intramuscular electroporation (electrovaccination) of plasmids coding for mouse- and human-ROS1 on the progression of these NSCLC models. A significant increase in survival was observed in ROS1-electrovaccinated mice challenged with the transplantable cell line. It is worth noting that tumors were completely rejected, and immune memory was achieved, albeit only in a few mice. Most importantly, ROS1 electrovaccination was also found to be effective in slowing the development of autochthonous NSCLC in K-RasG12D mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Riccardo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Barutello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Angela Petito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Lidia Tarone
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Chiara Musiu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Stefania Izzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (S.I.); (M.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (S.I.); (M.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Dario Livio Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Irene Fiore Merighi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (S.I.); (M.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (E.Q.); Tel.: +39-011670-6457 (F.C. & E.Q.)
| | - Elena Quaglino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (F.R.); (G.B.); (A.P.); (L.T.); (L.C.); (M.A.); (C.M.); (I.F.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (E.Q.); Tel.: +39-011670-6457 (F.C. & E.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Geboers B, Scheffer HJ, Graybill PM, Ruarus AH, Nieuwenhuizen S, Puijk RS, van den Tol PM, Davalos RV, Rubinsky B, de Gruijl TD, Miklavčič D, Meijerink MR. High-Voltage Electrical Pulses in Oncology: Irreversible Electroporation, Electrochemotherapy, Gene Electrotransfer, Electrofusion, and Electroimmunotherapy. Radiology 2020; 295:254-272. [PMID: 32208094 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020192190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the use of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in clinical oncology to treat solid tumors with irreversible electroporation (IRE) and electrochemotherapy (ECT). HVEPs increase the membrane permeability of cells, a phenomenon known as electroporation. Unlike alternative ablative therapies, electroporation does not affect the structural integrity of surrounding tissue, thereby enabling tumors in the vicinity of vital structures to be treated. IRE uses HVEPs to cause cell death by inducing membrane disruption, and it is primarily used as a radical ablative therapy in the treatment of soft-tissue tumors in the liver, kidney, prostate, and pancreas. ECT uses HVEPs to transiently increase membrane permeability, enhancing cellular cytotoxic drug uptake in tumors. IRE and ECT show immunogenic effects that could be augmented when combined with immunomodulatory drugs, a combination therapy the authors term electroimmunotherapy. Additional electroporation-based technologies that may reach clinical importance, such as gene electrotransfer, electrofusion, and electroimmunotherapy, are concisely reviewed. HVEPs represent a substantial advancement in cancer research, and continued improvement and implementation of these presented technologies will require close collaboration between engineers, interventional radiologists, medical oncologists, and immuno-oncologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Geboers
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Hester J Scheffer
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Philip M Graybill
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Alette H Ruarus
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Sanne Nieuwenhuizen
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Robbert S Puijk
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Petrousjka M van den Tol
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Boris Rubinsky
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| | - Martijn R Meijerink
- From the Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (B.G., H.J.S., A.H.R., S.N., R.S.P., M.R.M.), Surgery (P.M.v.d.T.), and Medical Oncology (T.D.d.G.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Bioelectromechanical Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, Va (P.M.G., R.V.D.); Department of Bioengineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif (B.R.); and Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia (D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hromic-Jahjefendic A, Lundstrom K. Viral Vector-Based Melanoma Gene Therapy. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E60. [PMID: 32187995 PMCID: PMC7148454 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8030060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy applications of oncolytic viruses represent an attractive alternative for cancer treatment. A broad range of oncolytic viruses, including adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, retroviruses, lentiviruses, rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, measles virus, Newcastle disease virus, picornaviruses and poxviruses, have been used in diverse preclinical and clinical studies for the treatment of various diseases, including colon, head-and-neck, prostate and breast cancer as well as squamous cell carcinoma and glioma. The majority of studies have focused on immunotherapy and several drugs based on viral vectors have been approved. However, gene therapy for malignant melanoma based on viral vectors has not been utilized to its full potential yet. This review represents a summary of the achievements of preclinical and clinical studies using viral vectors, with the focus on malignant melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Altijana Hromic-Jahjefendic
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Izzo F, Ionna F, Granata V, Albino V, Patrone R, Longo F, Guida A, Delrio P, Rega D, Scala D, Pezzuto R, Fusco R, Di Bernardo E, D’Alessio V, Grassi R, Contartese D, Palaia R. New Deployable Expandable Electrodes in the Electroporation Treatment in a Pig Model: A Feasibility and Usability Preliminary Study. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020515. [PMID: 32102182 PMCID: PMC7072261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate the usability aspects of new deployable, expandable, electrode prototypes, in terms of suitability solutions for laparoscopic applications on the liver, endoscopic trans-oral and trans-anal procedures, electroporation segmentation in several steps, mechanical functionality (flexibility, penetrability), visibility of the electrode under instrumental guidance, compatibility of the electrode with laparoscopic/endoscopic accesses, surgical instruments, and procedural room and safety compatibility. The electroporation was performed on an animal model (Sus Scrofa Large White 60 kg) both in laparoscopy and endoscopy, under ultrasound guidance, and in open surgery. Electrodes without divergence, with needles coming out straight, parallel to each other, and electrodes with peripheral needles (four needles), diverging from the electrode shaft axis (electrode with non-zero divergence) have been tested. To cause an evaluable necrosis effect, the number of electrical pulses was increased to induce immediate liver cell death. Histological samples were analyzed by staining with Haematoxylin/Eosin or by immunohistochemical staining to confirm complete necrosis. The prototypes of expandable electrodes, tested in laparoscopy and endoscopy and in open surgery, respectively, are suitable in terms of usability, electroporation segmentation in several steps, mechanical functionality (flexibility, penetrability), visibility under instrumental guidance, compatibility with laparoscopic/endoscopic accesses, surgical instruments and procedural room safety, patient safety (no bleeding and/or perforation), and treatment efficacy (adequate ablated volume). Electroporation treatment using new deployable expandable electrode prototypes is safe and feasible. Moreover, electrode configurations allow for a gradual increase in the ablated area in consecutive steps, as confirmed by histology and immunohistochemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Izzo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Franco Ionna
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Maxillo-Facial Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (F.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Division of Radiodiagnostic, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Albino
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Renato Patrone
- Division of General and Oncologic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DELLA CAMPANIA LUIGI VANVITELLI, NAPOLI, ITALIA, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Francesco Longo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Maxillo-Facial Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (F.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Agostino Guida
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Maxillo-Facial Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.I.); (F.L.); (A.G.)
| | - Paolo Delrio
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Colo-Rectal Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.); (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Daniela Rega
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Colo-Rectal Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.); (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Dario Scala
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Colo-Rectal Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.); (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberto Pezzuto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Colo-Rectal Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (P.D.); (D.R.); (D.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, Via Casarea 65, Casalnuovo di Napoli, 80013 Naples, Italy; (R.F.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.)
| | - Elio Di Bernardo
- Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, Via Casarea 65, Casalnuovo di Napoli, 80013 Naples, Italy; (R.F.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.)
| | - Valeria D’Alessio
- Research & Development Division, Igea SpA, Via Casarea 65, Casalnuovo di Napoli, 80013 Naples, Italy; (R.F.); (E.D.B.); (V.D.)
| | - Roberto Grassi
- Division of Radiodiagnostic, UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DELLA CAMPANIA LUIGI VANVITELLI, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Miraglia, 80143 Naples, Italy;
| | - Deyanira Contartese
- Laboratory Preclinical and Surgical Studies, IRCCS–ISTITUTO ORTOPEDICO RIZZOLI, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Palaia
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Hepatobiliary Unit, ISTITUTO NAZIONALE TUMORI–IRCCS-FONDAZIONE G. PASCALE, NAPOLI, ITALIA, Via Mariano Semmola, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.A.); (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Falk Hansen H, Bourke M, Stigaard T, Clover J, Buckley M, O’Riordain M, Winter DC, Hjorth Johannesen H, Hansen RH, Heebøll H, Forde P, Jakobsen HL, Larsen O, Rosenberg J, Soden D, Gehl J. Electrochemotherapy for colorectal cancer using endoscopic electroporation: a phase 1 clinical study. Endosc Int Open 2020; 8:E124-E132. [PMID: 32010744 PMCID: PMC6976320 DOI: 10.1055/a-1027-6735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Electrochemotherapy is an anticancer treatment that uses electric pulses to facilitate uptake of chemotherapeutic drugs in tumor cells and has proven to have a high local cytotoxic effect with minimal adverse events. Electrochemotherapy has mostly been used in treatment of cutaneous metastases but development of a new endoscopic electrode device has made treatment of colorectal tumors possible. This first-in-man multicenter phase I study investigated safety and efficacy of electrochemotherapy using endoscopic electroporation in patients with colorectal tumors. Patients and methods Seven patients with colorectal tumors who were deemed ineligible for or had declined standard treatment were included. They were treated with bleomycin either intratumorally or intravenously and the electric pulses were delivered through the endoscopic electrode device. Safety and efficacy were assessed clinically and by scans immediately after treatment and adverse events were reported. Response was evaluated up to 6 months after treatment by scans (magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography) and endoscopic examinations. Results Seven patients aged 62 to 88 years with multiple comorbidities were included and had one or two treatments each. Post-treatment scans showed tumor responses in the treated areas and no damage to surrounding tissues. Only a few grade one adverse events were reported. Three patients had preoperative rectal bleeding, of which two reported cessation of bleeding and one reported decreased bleeding. Conclusion This first-in-man study shows that electrochemotherapy for colorectal tumors using the endoscopic electrode device can induce local tumor response and is safe also for fragile elderly patients with comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Falk Hansen
- Center for experimental drug and gene electrotransfer (C*EDGE), Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Michael Bourke
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Trine Stigaard
- Gastro Unit, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - James Clover
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Martin Buckley
- Gastroenterology Department, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Des C. Winter
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helle Hjorth Johannesen
- Department of Radiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Hvass Hansen
- Department of Radiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Hanne Heebøll
- Department of Radiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Patrick Forde
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Henrik Loft Jakobsen
- Gastro Unit, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ole Larsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen. Denmark
| | - Jacob Rosenberg
- Gastro Unit, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Declan Soden
- Cork Cancer Research Centre, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Julie Gehl
- Center for experimental drug and gene electrotransfer (C*EDGE), Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark,Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer (C*EDGE), Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Corresponding author Prof. Julie Gehl Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer (C*EDGE)Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative CareZealand University HospitalSygehusvej 104000 RoskildeDenmark+46326994
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Polajžer T, Dermol-Černe J, Reberšek M, O'Connor R, Miklavčič D. Cancellation effect is present in high-frequency reversible and irreversible electroporation. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 132:107442. [PMID: 31923714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It was recently suggested that applying high-frequency short biphasic pulses (HF-IRE) reduces pain and muscle contractions in electrochemotherapy and irreversible ablation treatments; however, higher amplitudes with HF-IRE pulses are required to achieve a similar effect as with monophasic pulses. HF-IRE pulses are in the range of a microseconds, thus, the so-called cancellation effect could be responsible for the need to apply pulses of higher amplitudes. In cancellation effect, the effect of first pulse is reduced by the second pulse of opposite polarity. We evaluated cancellation effect with high-frequency biphasic pulses on CHO-K1 in different electroporation buffers. We applied eight bursts of 1-10 µs long pulses with inter-phase delays of 0.5 µs - 10 ms and evaluated membrane permeability and cell survival. In permeability experiments, cancellation effect was not observed in low-conductivity buffer. Cancellation effect was, however, observed in treatments with high-frequency biphasic pulses looking at survival in all of the tested electroporation buffers. In general, cancellation effect depended on inter-phase delay as well as on pulse duration, i.e. longer pulses and longer interphase delay cause less pronounced cancellation effect. Cancellation effect could be partially explained by the assisted discharge and not by the hyperpolarization by the chloride channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Polajžer
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Dermol-Černe
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Reberšek
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rodney O'Connor
- École des Mines de Saint-Étienne, Department of Bioelectronics, Georges Charpak Campus, Centre Microélectronique de Provence, 880 Route de Mimet, 13120 Gardanne, France
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Aslam MA, Riaz K, Mahmood MQ, Zubair M. Hybrid analytical-numerical approach for investigation of differential effects in normal and cancer cells under electroporation. RSC Adv 2019; 9:41518-41530. [PMID: 35541630 PMCID: PMC9076493 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07428g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroporation has offered important biomedical applications in electrochemotherapy, tissue ablation and gene editing recently. Time and computation efficient analytical and numerical models should be developed to understand the differential effects of electroporation on normal and cancer cells. In this work, we present a hybrid analytical-numerical approach to investigate the behavior of normal and cancer cells under electroporation. We have compared the human breast cancer cell (MCF-7) and non-tumorigenic human breast cell (MCF-10A) under electroporation in terms of change in transmembrane voltage and pore formation on cell surface. The effects of electric pulse time, amplitude and membrane conductivity variation are analyzed in a systematic manner. To accelerate the calculation of transmembrane voltage, we have introduced a simple Multilayer Electric Potential Model (MEPM) which calculates the potential distribution across the cell analytically. The MEPM calculates electric potential distribution across a biological cell sandwiched between two semi-circular electrodes held at fixed potential, by solving the Laplace's equation over an equivalent planar, multilayer geometry. The MEPM model is then used in a Finite Element Method (FEM) based numerical model of electroporation. Transmembrane voltage and pore density for electroporated MCF-10A are estimated to be 1.31 V and 2.98 × 1013 m-2 respectively, and for MCF-7 the estimated values are 0.53 V and 1.93 × 1014 m-2, respectively. Our results suggest that under electroporation, the cancer cell's membrane get much more permeabilized than its counterpart normal cell even at small values of transmembrane voltage. This work provides a theoretical basis for further experimental exploration of electroporation process in cancer therapy, and serves as a design tool for performance optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Awais Aslam
- Electrical Engineering Department, Information Technology University 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Kashif Riaz
- Electrical Engineering Department, Information Technology University 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim Mahmood
- Electrical Engineering Department, Information Technology University 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Electrical Engineering Department, Information Technology University 54000 Lahore Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Radiological findings of porcine liver after electrochemotherapy with bleomycin. Radiol Oncol 2019; 53:415-426. [PMID: 31600140 PMCID: PMC6884938 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2019-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiologic findings after electrochemotherapy of large hepatic blood vessels and healthy hepatic parenchyma have not yet been described. Materials and methods We performed a prospective animal model study with regulatory approval, including nine grower pigs. In each animal, four ultrasound-guided electroporated regions were created; in three regions, electrodes were inserted into the lumen of large hepatic vessels. Two types of electrodes were tested; variable linear- and fixed hexagonal-geometry electrodes. Ultrasonographic examinations were performed immediately and up to 20 minutes after the procedure. Dynamic computed tomography was performed before and at 60 to 90 minutes and one week after the procedure. Results Radiologic examinations of the treated areas showed intact vessel walls and patency; no hemorrhage or thrombi were noted. Ultrasonographic findings were dynamic and evolved from hyperechogenic microbubbles along electrode tracks to hypoechogenicity of treated parenchyma, diffusion of hyperechogenic microbubbles, and hypoechogenicity fading. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed decreased perfusion of the treated area. Dynamic computed tomography at 60 to 90 minutes after the procedure showed hypoenhancing areas. The total hypoenhancing area was smaller after treatment with fixed hexagonal electrodes than after treatment with variable linear geometry electrodes. Conclusions Radiologic findings of porcine liver after electrochemotherapy with bleomycin did not show clinically significant damage to the liver, even if a hazardous treatment strategy, such as large vessel intraluminal electrode insertion, was employed, and thus further support safety and clinical use of electrochemotherapy for treatment of hepatic neoplasia.
Collapse
|
48
|
Electrochemotherapy Causes Caspase-Independent Necrotic-Like Death in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081177. [PMID: 31416294 PMCID: PMC6721532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer represents a major challenge in oncology. Poor permeability of the pancreas and resistance to currently available therapies are impediments to improved patient survival. By transiently increasing cell membrane porosity and increasing drug uptake, Electrochemotherapy (ECT) has the potential to overcome these issues. In this study, we have evaluated the response of human and murine pancreatic cancer cells, in vitro, to electroporation in combination with Bleomycin, Cisplatin, or Oxaliplatin (ECT). The cytotoxic actions of all three drugs are potentiated when combined with electroporation in these cells. The biochemical and morphological changes post ECT are associated with immunogenic cell death that occurs with necroptosis rather than apoptosis. Moreover, ECT-induced cell death is rescued by Nec-1 suggesting that necroptosis may play a role in cell death mediated by cancer therapies.
Collapse
|
49
|
Gopalakrishnan V, Jha K, Xun G, Ngo HQ, Zhang A. Towards self-learning based hypotheses generation in biomedical text domain. Bioinformatics 2019; 34:2103-2115. [PMID: 29293920 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Motivation The overwhelming amount of research articles in the domain of bio-medicine might cause important connections to remain unnoticed. Literature Based Discovery is a sub-field within biomedical text mining that peruses these articles to formulate high confident hypotheses on possible connections between medical concepts. Although many alternate methodologies have been proposed over the last decade, they still suffer from scalability issues. The primary reason, apart from the dense inter-connections between biological concepts, is the absence of information on the factors that lead to the edge-formation. In this work, we formulate this problem as a collaborative filtering task and leverage a relatively new concept of word-vectors to learn and mimic the implicit edge-formation process. Along with single-class classifier, we prune the search-space of redundant and irrelevant hypotheses to increase the efficiency of the system and at the same time maintaining and in some cases even boosting the overall accuracy. Results We show that our proposed framework is able to prune up to 90% of the hypotheses while still retaining high recall in top-K results. This level of efficiency enables the discovery algorithm to look for higher-order hypotheses, something that was infeasible until now. Furthermore, the generic formulation allows our approach to be agile to perform both open and closed discovery. We also experimentally validate that the core data-structures upon which the system bases its decision has a high concordance with the opinion of the experts.This coupled with the ability to understand the edge formation process provides us with interpretable results without any manual intervention. Availability and implementation The relevant JAVA codes are available at: https://github.com/vishrawas/Medline-Code_v2. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishrawas Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kishlay Jha
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Guangxu Xun
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hung Q Ngo
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Aidong Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and lobectomy remains the standard of care for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The combination of an aging population and the implementation of low-dose CT for lung cancer screening is leading to an increase in diagnosis of early stage NSCLC in medically "inoperable" patients. The recommended treatment for this latter group of patients is stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). However, many patients cannot undergo SBRT because they have received prior radiation or because the tumor is located next to vital structures. Percutaneous ablative therapies have become an alternative to SBRT but, unfortunately, they all violate the pleura and are associated with high rate of pneumothorax. With a more favorable safety profile and the ability to provide also diagnosis and nodal staging, bronchoscopic ablation is hence emerging as a potential future therapeutic alternative for these patients. Herein we review the current state of the art including animal and human data that exists thus far. We also discuss technical and research challenges as well as future directions that this exciting new technology may take.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce F Sabath
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roberto F Casal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|