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Bayrak BB, Tunali S, Bal-Demirci T, Ulkuseven B, Yanardag R. Glycoprotein levels and oxidative lung injury in experimental diabetes: effect of oxovanadium(IV) complex based on thiosemicarbazone. Toxicol Mech Methods 2021; 31:581-588. [PMID: 34240667 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2021.1941462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is chronic and metabolic disorder, which is mainly attributed by hyperglycemia. Vanadium salts and their oxo-complexes have been shown to possess insulin-mimetic and anti-diabetic activities in animal models and diabetic patients. The main goal of this study was to investigate the protective effect of oxovanadium(IV) complex based on thiosemicarbazone (VOL) [L: (N(1)-2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene-N-(4)-2-hydroxybenzylidene-S-methyl-isothiosemicarbazidato-oxovanadium(IV)] on glycoprotein components levels and oxidative lung injury of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Swiss albino rats were separated into four groups. Group I (n = 5): Control (normal) animals, Group II (n = 5): Control animals administered with VOL, Group III (n = 6): STZ-induced diabetic animals, and Group IV (n = 5): STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with VOL. VOL was given to the experimental animals by gavage at a dose of 0.2 mM/kg body weight every day for 12 days. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg body weight). On the 12th day, lung tissue samples were taken. Glycoprotein components, advanced oxidation protein products, protein carbonyl, hydroxyproline levels, and prolidase, arginase, xanthine oxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase and adenosine deaminase activities significantly increased whereas aryl esterase, paraoxonase-1, carbonic anhydrase, Na+/K+-ATPase activities remarkably decreased in lung tissue of diabetic rats. Treatment with VOL reversed these effects showing a beneficial effect. The present study shows that VOL has a protective effect against diabetes-induced lung damage as well as on abnormal glycoprotein component levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertan Boran Bayrak
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevim Tunali
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tulay Bal-Demirci
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahri Ulkuseven
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bal-Demirci T, Sahin M, Ozyürek M, Kondakçı E, Ulküseven B. Synthesis, antioxidant activities of the nickel(II), iron(III) and oxovanadium(IV) complexes with N2O2 chelating thiosemicarbazones. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 126:317-323. [PMID: 24656797 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The nickel(II), iron(III) and oxovanadium(IV) complexes of the N2O2 chelating thiosemicarbazones were synthesized using 4-hydroxysalicyladehyde-S-methylthiosemicarbazone and R1-substitute-salicylaldehyde (R1: 4-OH, H) in the presence of Ni(II), Fe(III), VO(IV) ions by the template reaction. The structures of the thiosemicarbazone complexes were characterized by FT-IR, (1)H NMR, elemental, ESI-MS and APCI-MS analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antioxidant capacity by using the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) method. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) of iron(III) complex, 1c, was measured to be higher than that of the other complexes. Other parameters of antioxidant activity (scavenging effects on •OH, O2(•-) and H2O2) of these compounds were also determined. All the compounds have shown encouraging ROS scavenging activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tülay Bal-Demirci
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Musa Sahin
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozyürek
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Section, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Kondakçı
- Department of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Section, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahri Ulküseven
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
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New 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde S-ethylisothiosemicarbazone and its mixed-ligand Cu(II) complex with imidazole: synthesis, characterization and DFT calculation. OPEN CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-013-0313-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA new Schiff base ligand of 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde S-ethyl-isothiosemicarbazone (H2L) was synthesized and its mixed-ligand Cu(II) complex was also prepared by reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O with H2L and imidazole. Their structures were fully characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, molar conductivity and UV-Vis methods. The analytical data suggest that the metal, H2L and imidazole ratios in the Schiff base complex are 1:1:1. Single crystal diffraction was also used to better understand the molecular structure of the Cu(II) complex. The results of physico-chemical analyses of the Schiff base complex reveal the coordination geometry around the central atom is square planar. The H2L ligand (NNO donor) is coordinated to the metal center as a tridentate bionegatively agent. Another position of the square planar geometry is occupied by the imidazole ligand. Furthermore, computational studies of the new complex were performed by carrying out DFT calculations. Geometry optimization and natural band analysis of the complex is discussed in further detail.
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N2O2-complexes of oxovanadium(IV) with 2,2′-dihydroxybenzophenone thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, EPR and electrochemical studies. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Holder AA, Taylor P, Magnusen AR, Moffett ET, Meyer K, Hong Y, Ramsdale SE, Gordon M, Stubbs J, Seymour LA, Acharya D, Weber RT, Smith PF, Dismukes GC, Ji P, Menocal L, Bai F, Williams JL, Cropek DM, Jarrett WL. Preliminary anti-cancer photodynamic therapeutic in vitro studies with mixed-metal binuclear ruthenium(II)-vanadium(IV) complexes. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:11881-99. [PMID: 23783642 PMCID: PMC3751419 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50547b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterisation of mixed-metal binuclear ruthenium(II)-vanadium(IV) complexes, which were used as potential photodynamic therapeutic agents for melanoma cell growth inhibition. The novel complexes, [Ru(pbt)2(phen2DTT)](PF6)2·1.5H2O 1 (where phen2DTT = 1,4-bis(1,10-phenanthrolin-5-ylsulfanyl)butane-2,3-diol and pbt = 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzothiazole) and [Ru(pbt)2(tpphz)](PF6)2·3H2O 2 (where tpphz = tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]phenazine) were synthesised and characterised. Compound 1 was reacted with [VO(sal-L-tryp)(H2O)] (where sal-L-tryp = N-salicylidene-L-tryptophanate) to produce [Ru(pbt)2(phen2DTT)VO(sal-L-tryp)](PF6)2·5H2O 4; while [VO(sal-L-tryp)(H2O)] was reacted with compound 2 to produce [Ru(pbt)2(tpphz)VO(sal-L-tryp)](PF6)2·6H2O 3. All complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, HRMS, ESI MS, UV-visible absorption, ESR spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry, where appropriate. In vitro cell toxicity studies (with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay) via dark and light reaction conditions were carried out with sodium diaqua-4,4',4'',4''' tetrasulfophthalocyaninecobaltate(II) (Na4[Co(tspc)(H2O)2]), [VO(sal-L-tryp)(phen)]·H2O, and the chloride salts of complexes 3 and 4. Such studies involved A431, human epidermoid carcinoma cells; human amelanotic malignant melanoma cells; and HFF, non-cancerous human skin fibroblast cells. Both chloride salts of complexes 3 and 4 were found to be more toxic to melanoma cells than to non-cancerous fibroblast cells, and preferentially led to apoptosis of the melanoma cells over non-cancerous skin cells. The anti-cancer property of the chloride salts of complexes 3 and 4 was further enhanced when treated cells were exposed to light, while no such effect was observed on non-cancerous skin fibroblast cells. ESR and (51)V NMR spectroscopic studies were also used to assess the stability of the chloride salts of complexes 3 and 4 in aqueous media at pH 7.19. This research illustrates the potential for using mixed-metal binuclear ruthenium(II)-vanadium(IV) complexes to fight skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin A. Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Patrick Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Anthony R. Magnusen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Erick T. Moffett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Kyle Meyer
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469-2320, U.S.A
| | - Yiling Hong
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469-2320, U.S.A
| | - Stuart E. Ramsdale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Michelle Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Javelyn Stubbs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Luke A. Seymour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001, U.S.A. , telephone: 601-266-4767, and fax: 601-266-6075
| | - Dhiraj Acharya
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, MS 39406, U.S.A
| | - Ralph T. Weber
- EPR Division Bruker BioSpin, 44 Manning Road, Billerica, MA 01821, U.S.A
| | - Paul F. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, U.S.A
| | - G. Charles Dismukes
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, U.S.A
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, HSC T-17 room 080, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8175, U.S.A
| | - Laura Menocal
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, HSC T-17 room 080, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8175, U.S.A
| | - Fengwei Bai
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Southern Mississippi, MS 39406, U.S.A
| | - Jennie L. Williams
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, HSC T-17 room 080, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8175, U.S.A
| | - Donald M. Cropek
- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, IL 61822, U.S.A
| | - William L. Jarrett
- School of Polymers and High-Performance Materials, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, #5050, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-0076, U.S.A
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Şahin M, Ülküseven B. Synthesis and Characterization of New Nickel(II) Chelates With S-Alkyl-Salicylaldehyde Thiosemicarbazones. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2012.710673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Musa Şahin
- a Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University , Avcılar , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Bahri Ülküseven
- a Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University , Avcılar , Istanbul , Turkey
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Ahmadi M, Mague JT, Akbari A, Takjoo R. Dianion N1,N4-bis(salicylidene)-S-allyl-thiosemicarbazide complexes: Synthesis, structure, spectroscopy and thermal behavior. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lewis NA, Liu F, Seymour L, Magnusen A, Erves TR, Arca JF, Beckford FA, Venkatraman R, González-Sarrías A, Fronczek FR, Vanderveer DG, Seeram NP, Liu A, Jarrett WL, Holder AA. Synthesis, characterization, and preliminary in vitro studies of vanadium(IV) complexes with a Schiff base and thiosemicarbazones as mixed-ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011; 2012:664-677. [PMID: 23904789 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
[VO(Sal-L-tryp)(H2O)] 1 (where sal-L-tryp = N-salicylidene-L-tryptophanate) was used as a precursor to produce the novel complexes, [VO(Sal-L-tryp)(MeATSC)].1.5C2H5OH 2 (where MeATSC = 9-Anthraldehyde-N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone), [VO(Sal-L-tryp)(N-Ethhymethohcarbthio)].H2O 3 (where N-Ethhymethohcarbthio = (E)-N-ethyl-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide), and [VO(Sal-L-tryp)(acetylethTSC)].C2H5OH 4 (where acetylethTSC = (E)-N-ethyl-2-(1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide), by reaction with the respective thiosemicarbazone. The chemical and structural properties of these ligands and complexes were characterised by elemental analysis, ESI MS, FT-IR, UV-visible, ESR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. DMSO and DMSO-d6 solutions of compounds 1-4 were oxidised in air to produce vanadium(V) species which were verified by ESI MS and 51V NMR spectroscopy. Anti-cancer properties of compounds 2-4 were examined with three colon cancer cell lines, HTC-116, Caco-2, and HT-29, and also with non-cancerous colonic myofibroblasts, CCD18-Co. Compounds 2-3 exhibited less inhibitory effects in the CCD-18Co cells, indicating a possible cytotoxic selectivity towards colon cancer cells. In general, those compounds which exhibited anti-proliferative activity on cancer cells, but did not affect non-cancerous cells, may have a potential in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerissa A Lewis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, 118 College Drive, # 5043, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406-0001
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Özdemir N, Şahin M, Bal-Demirci T, Ülküseven B. The asymmetric ONNO complexes of dioxouranium(VI) with N1,N4-diarylidene-S-propyl-thiosemicarbazones derived from 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehyde: Synthesis, spectroscopic and structural studies. Polyhedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2010.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kurt YD, Ülküseven B. Unusual template condensation of benzophenone thiosemicarbazones and salicylaldehydes with nickel(II). J COORD CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00958971003628868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahrı Ülküseven
- a Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University , 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kurt YD, Ülküseven B, Tuna S, Ergüven M, Solakoğlu S. Iron(III) and nickel(II) template complexes derived from benzophenone thiosemicarbazones. J COORD CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970902787775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahrı Ülküseven
- a Department of Chemistry , Istanbul University , 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevılcan Tuna
- b Medical Faculty of Istanbul, Department of Histology and Embryology , Istanbul University , 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mıne Ergüven
- b Medical Faculty of Istanbul, Department of Histology and Embryology , Istanbul University , 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seyhun Solakoğlu
- b Medical Faculty of Istanbul, Department of Histology and Embryology , Istanbul University , 34390 Istanbul, Turkey
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Synthesis, characterization and thermal decomposition of dioxouranium(VI) complexes with N1,N4-diarylidene-S-propyl-thiosemicarbazone: Crystal structure of [UO2(LI)(C4H9OH)]. Inorganica Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2008.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nickel(II) complexes of ONS and ONN chelating thiosemicarbazones with triphenylphosphine co-ligands. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-009-9206-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Youssef NS, El Zahany EA, Anwar MM, Hassan SA. Synthesis, Characterization, and Antitumor Activity of Some Metal Complexes with Schiff Bases Derived from 9-Fluorenone as a Polycyclic Aromatic Compound. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10426500802080444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil S. Youssef
- a Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki , Giza , Egypt
| | - Eman A. El Zahany
- a Inorganic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki , Giza , Egypt
| | - Manal M. Anwar
- b Medicinal Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki , Giza , Egypt
| | - Sohair A. Hassan
- b Medicinal Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki , Giza , Egypt
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Yanardag R, Demirci TB, Ulküseven B, Bolkent S, Tunali S, Bolkent S. Synthesis, characterization and antidiabetic properties of N(1)-2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene-N(4)-2-hydroxybenzylidene-S-methyl-thiosemicarbazidato-oxovanadium(IV). Eur J Med Chem 2008; 44:818-26. [PMID: 18621448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Revised: 04/28/2008] [Accepted: 04/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A new oxovanadium(IV) chelate [VOL] (L: N(1)-2,4-dihydroxybenzylidene-N(4)-2-hydroxybenzylidene-S-methyl-thiosemicarbazidato) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity and magnetic measurements, UV-vis, IR, EPR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The biochemical and immunohistochemical effects of the administration of the vanadium complex (VOL) into the pancreas of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were profoundly investigated. The animals were randomly divided into four groups. Group I: control (intact) animals. Group II: control animals administered with VOL. Group III: STZ-induced diabetic animals. Group IV: STZ-induced diabetic animals administered with VOL. VOL was given to some of the experimental animals by gavage at a dose of 0.2mM/kg every day for 12 days. Blood samples were collected from animals, on 0 and 1, 6 and 12 days after STZ injection. On day 12, the pancreatic tissues were taken from the animals. The tissue sections were labelled with streptavidin biotin peroxidase technique for insulin. In the diabetic group, the blood glucose levels, aspartate and alanine transaminases, alkaline phosphatase activities were increased. But, in the diabetic+VOL groups, the blood glucose levels, aspartate and alanine transaminases, alkaline phosphatase activities were reduced. In the diabetic group, a decrease in the pancreatic glutathione levels, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities and an increase in the pancreatic lipid peroxidation level and catalase activities were observed. The administration of VOL to the diabetic rats reversed this diabetic effect due to its insulinomimetic effects. According to the immunohistochemical and biochemical results obtained, it was concluded that VOL can regenerate B cells of the pancreas in experimental diabetes and has an antidiabetic and protective effects on the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refiye Yanardag
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey.
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