1
|
Spinelli LV, Anzanello MJ, Areze da Silva Santos R, Carboni Martins C, Freo Saggin J, Aparecida Silva Da Silva M, Rodrigues E. Uncovering the phenolic diversity of Guabiju fruit: LC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics approach. Food Res Int 2023; 173:113236. [PMID: 37803550 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The comprehensive composition of phenolic compounds (PC) from seven genotypes of guabiju were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS), and a targeted metabolomic approach was utilized to explore the PC-related similarities among the genotypes. Sixty-seven phenolic compounds were annotated and twenty-four were quantified in all genotypes of guabiju. The phenolic acids and anthocyanins were the major PC, representing more than 63% (w/w) of the total PC. Di-O-galloylquinic and tri-O-galloylquinic acids and ellagitannins were reported for the first time in guabiju. The results of hierarchical clustering and principal components analysis (PCA) suggested seven groups as suitable clusters to be formed according to phenolic composition. Eleven PC were selected as relevant for sample clustering, and six of them were highlighted as the most informative (in decreasing order of importance): epicatechin, catechin, (epi)gallocatechin gallate II, di-O-galloylquinic acid I, tri-O-galloylquinic acid and delphinidin 3-O-glucoside. To the best of our knowledge, this study contributes to the literature with the most complete phenolic profile of guabiju genotypes up to date. Moreover, guabiju susceptibility to fungal infestation related to PC composition was briefly discussed based on a parallel study using the same genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liziane V Spinelli
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Michel J Anzanello
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Areze da Silva Santos
- Department of Horticulture and Forestry, Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Caroline Carboni Martins
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Justine Freo Saggin
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Eliseu Rodrigues
- Food Science and Technology Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Furtado EL, da Silva AC, Silva ÉAR, Rodella RA, Soares MA, Serrão JE, de Pieri C, Zanuncio JC. Morphoanatomical Changes in Eucalyptus grandis Leaves Associated with Resistance to Austropuccinia psidii in Plants of Two Ages. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:353. [PMID: 36679066 PMCID: PMC9867522 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Austropuccinia psidii infects young tissues of Eucalyptus plants until they are two years old in the nursery and field, causing Myrtaceae rust. The characteristics making older eucalypt leaves resistant to A. psidii and the reason for the low levels of this pathogen in older plants need evaluations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological differences between Eucalyptus grandis leaves of different growth stages and two plant ages to propose a visual phenological scale to classify E. grandis leaves according to their maturation stages and to evaluate the time of leaf maturation for young and adult plants. A scale, based on a morphological differentiation for E. grandis leaves, was made. The color, shape and size distinguished the leaves of the first five leaf pairs. Anatomical analysis showed a higher percentage of reinforced tissue, such as sclerenchyma-like tissue and collenchyma, greater leaf blade thickness, absence of lower palisade parenchyma in the mature leaves and a higher number of cavities with essential oils than in younger ones. Changes in anatomical characteristics that could reduce the susceptibility of older E. grandis leaves to A. psidii coincide with the time of developing leaf resistance. Reduced infection of this pathogen in older plants appears to be associated with a more rapid maturation of their leaf tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edson Luiz Furtado
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Costa da Silva
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 91540-000, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Antônio Rodella
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18618-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina 39100-000, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cristiane de Pieri
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu 18610-034, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Evasive Planning for the Management of Eucalyptus Rust Austropuccinia psidii for Espírito Santo State, Brazil. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13050646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Eucalyptus is one of the most exploited forest genera on the planet. Eucalyptus has a variety of uses, mainly because of its great diversity and versatility. Brazil is among the main producers of cellulose, paper, and wood panels in the world. One of the factors limiting the production of Eucalyptus spp. is the occurrence of diseases such as rust caused by the fungus Austropuccinia psidii. This work aimed to map areas at risk of eucalyptus rust in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The study was carried out in two stages: (i) mapping the rust risk areas in the state through the Geographic Information System (GIS) and (ii) applying fuzzy standardization to the infection index to generate a risk index. It was found through GIS and fuzzy standardization that most of the areas surveyed presented medium to high risk of rust occurrence. Thus, it becomes necessary to adopt complementary management measures to control the disease, especially for the months of April to November. The methodology used in this study can be implemented for other diseases and forest species in other parts of the world.
Collapse
|
4
|
Austropuccinia psidii uses tetrapolar mating and produces meiotic spores in older infections on Eucalyptus grandis. Fungal Genet Biol 2022; 160:103692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
5
|
Silva RR, da Silva AC, Rodella RA, Marques MOM, Zanuncio AJV, Soares MA, Serrão JE, Zanuncio JC, Furtado EL. Limonene, a Chemical Compound Related to the Resistance of Eucalyptus Species to Austropuccinia psidii. PLANT DISEASE 2020; 104:414-422. [PMID: 31841378 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-19-1002-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Austropuccinia psidii is a major pathogen of Eucalyptus spp. that damages mainly early-stage leaves. Resistant clones are the most widely used control measure for the rust disease caused by A. psidii. Essential oils produced in the plant-host cells are associated with resistance. However, the chemical characteristics of Eucalyptus leaves at different stages of maturity, associated with resistance or susceptibility to A. psidii, need to be determined. The aims of this study were to characterize the chemical composition of essential oils in Eucalyptus leaves at three developmental stages of clones of three E. urophylla × E. grandis hybrids that exhibit different resistance levels to rust and to identify probable resistance-related compounds from them. The rust severity following inoculation and the quantity and quality of the essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation were determined at the first, third, and fifth leaf stages of the three clones. Identification of the compounds present in the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. No rust was observed on the three leaf stages of the resistant clone or on the fifth leaf stage of the susceptible clones. Limonene was found at high percentages in essential oils from the three leaf stages of the resistant clone and at low percentages in the susceptible clones. In vitro and in vivo tests indicated that low limonene percentages stimulated A. psidii urediniospore germination and were not fungitoxic, whereas high percentages caused complete inhibition of germination and degenerative changes in fungal reproductive structures. The limonene present in Eucalyptus leaves can be considered a chemical compound related to the rust resistance of Eucalyptus spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata R Silva
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, 18610-307 São Paulo, Brasil
| | - André C da Silva
- Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91540-000 Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Roberto A Rodella
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, 18618-000 São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Márcia O M Marques
- Centro de Pesquisa de Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Campinas, 13020-902 São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Antônio J V Zanuncio
- Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900 Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marcus A Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, 39100-000 Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José E Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900 Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - José C Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900 Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edson L Furtado
- Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, 18610-307 São Paulo, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Morin L, Talbot MJ, Glen M. Quest to elucidate the life cycle of Puccinia psidii sensu lato. Fungal Biol 2014; 118:253-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Roux J, Greyling I, Coutinho TA, Verleur M, Wingfield MJ. The Myrtle rust pathogen, Puccinia psidii, discovered in Africa. IMA Fungus 2013; 4:155-9. [PMID: 23898420 PMCID: PMC3719202 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2013.04.01.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Puccinia psidii, the cause of a disease today commonly referred to as Myrtle rust, is considered a high priority quarantine threat globally. It has a wide host range in the Myrtaceae and it is feared that it may result in significant damage to native ecosystems where these plants occur. The fungus is also of considerable concern to plantation forestry industries that propagate Australian Eucalyptus species. In May 2013, symptoms of a rust disease resembling those of P. psidii were observed on an ornamental Myrtaceous shrub in a garden in South Africa. The fungus was identified based on DNA sequence data of the ITS and 5.8S nrRNA gene regions and here we report, for the first time, the presence of P. psidii in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanda Roux
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Izette Greyling
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Teresa A. Coutinho
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Michael J. Wingfield
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Holliday JL, Jones SA, Simpson JA, Glen M, Edwards J, Robinson A, Burgman MA. A Novel Spore Collection Device for Sampling Exposure Pathways: A Case Study of Puccinia psidii. PLANT DISEASE 2013; 97:828-834. [PMID: 30722638 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-12-0565-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A device comprising a filter attached to a vacuum cleaner was purpose-built to sample rust spores from three potentially high-risk pathways in Australia: passengers, fresh flowers, and sea cargo. The proportion of spores recovered from eight surfaces comparable with those on each pathway (cotton, denim, roses, carnations, chrysanthemums, wood, plastic, and metal) was estimated in the laboratory. Spore recovery percentages were highest for denim clothing (61% Puccinia triticina Erikss. and 62% Uromycladium tepperianum) and lowest for carnations (4% P. triticina Erikss. and 5% U. tepperianum). Subsequently, the device was tested at several locations on the Central Coast of New South Wales, Australia, recently affected by a "myrtle rust" outbreak. Symptomatic and asymptomatic myrtle rust hosts, myrtle rust nonhosts, and inanimate objects (e.g., clothing and vehicles) were sampled in conjunction with the emergency response to the outbreak. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay developed for P. psidii established the presence of myrtle rust, and visual inspections provided spore count estimations. All samples from symptomatic myrtle rust hosts produced positive PCR results and spore count estimations were generally much greater. Several samples from asymptomatic myrtle rust hosts, myrtle rust nonhosts, and inanimate objects also produced positive PCR results; however, there were discrepancies between PCR results and spore count estimations in some of these samples, all of which had <100 spores. This study highlights the utility of the device and analytical methodology, especially during the early stages of a disease outbreak when infection symptoms on plants and contamination on objects is not visible upon gross examination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J L Holliday
- Australian Centre of Excellence for Risk Analysis, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - S A Jones
- Australian Centre of Excellence for Risk Analysis, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - J A Simpson
- Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - M Glen
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - J Edwards
- Department of Primary Industries, Knoxfield, Victoria 3180, Australia
| | - A Robinson
- Australian Centre of Excellence for Risk Analysis, School of Botany, and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne
| | - M A Burgman
- Australian Centre of Excellence for Risk Analysis, School of Botany, University of Melbourne
| |
Collapse
|