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Probst M, Telagathoti A, Mandolini E, Peintner U. Fungal and bacterial communities and their associations in snow-free and snow covered (sub-)alpine Pinus cembra forest soils. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2024; 19:20. [PMID: 38566162 PMCID: PMC10985912 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-024-00564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe, Pinus cembra forests cover subalpine and alpine areas and they are of high conservational and ecological relevance. These forests experience strong seasonality with alternating snow-free and snow covered periods. Although P. cembra is known for mycorrhization and mycorrhizae usually involve fungi, plants and bacteria, the community compositions of fungi and bacteria and their associations in (sub-)alpine P. cembra forests remain vastly understudied. Here, we studied the fungal and bacterial community compositions in three independent (sub-)alpine P. cembra forests and inferred their microbial associations using marker gene sequencing and network analysis. We asked about the effect of snow cover on microbial compositions and associations. In addition, we propose inferring microbial associations across a range of filtering criteria, based on which we infer well justified, concrete microbial associations with high potential for ecological relevance that are typical for P. cembra forests and depending on snow cover. RESULTS The overall fungal and bacterial community structure was comparable with regards to both forest locations and snow cover. However, occurrence, abundance, and diversity patterns of several microbial taxa typical for P. cembra forests differed among snow-free and snow covered soils, e.g. Russula, Tetracladium and Phenoliphera. Moreover, network properties and microbial associations were influenced by snow cover. Here, we present concrete microbial associations on genus and species level that were repeatedly found across microbial networks, thereby confirming their ecological relevance. Most importantly, ectomycorrhizal fungi, such as Basidioascus, Pseudotomentella and Rhizopogon, as well as saprobic Mortierella changed their bacterial association partners depending on snow cover. CONCLUSION This is the first study researching fungal-bacterial associations across several (sub-)alpine P. cembra forests. The poorly investigated influence of snow cover on soil fungi and bacteria, especially those mycorrhizing P. cembra roots, but also saprobic soil organisms, underlines the relevance of forest seasonality. Our findings highlight that the seasonal impact of snow cover has significant consequences for the ecology of the ecosystem, particularly in relation to mycorrhization and nutrient cycling. It is imperative to consider such effects for a comprehensive understanding of the functioning resilience and responsiveness of an ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maraike Probst
- Department for Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Anusha Telagathoti
- Department for Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Edoardo Mandolini
- Department for Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ursula Peintner
- Department for Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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N. M. Furtado A, Leonardi M, Comandini O, Neves MA, C. Rinaldi A. Restinga ectomycorrhizae: a work in progress. F1000Res 2023; 12:317. [PMID: 37265684 PMCID: PMC10230178 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.131558.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is one of the most biodiverse terrestrial ecoregions of the world. Among its constituents, restinga vegetation makes a particular case, acting as a buffer zone between the oceans and the forest. Covering some 80% of Brazilian coastline (over 7,300 km in length), restinga is a harsh environment where plants and fungi interact in complex ways that just now are beginning to be unveiled. Ectomycorrhizal symbiosis, in particular, plays a so far ungauged and likely underestimated role. We recently described the morpho-anatomical and molecular features of the ectomycorrhizae formed by several basidiomycetous mycobionts on the host plant Guapira opposita, but the mycorrhizal biology of restinga is still largely unexplored. Here, we report new data on the ectomycorrhizal fungal symbionts of G. opposita, based on the collection of sporomata and ectomycorrhizal root tips in restinga stands occurring in southern Brazil. Methods: To obtain a broader view of restinga mycorrhizal and ecological potential, we compiled a comprehensive and up-to-date checklist of fungal species reported or supposed to establish ectomycorrhizae on restinga-inhabiting host plants, mainly on the basis of field observations. Results: Our list comprises some 726 records, 74 of which correspond to putative ectomycorrhizal taxa specifically associated with restinga. These include several members of Boletaceae, Amanita, Tomentella/ Thelephora, Russula/ Lactifluus, and Clavulina, as well as hypogeous fungi, like the recently described Longistriata flava. Conclusions: Our survey reveals a significant diversity of the restinga ectomycorrhizal mycobiota, indicating the importance of this symbiosis for the ecological functioning of a unique yet poorly known and threatened ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadne N. M. Furtado
- Departamento de Botânica, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Marco Leonardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, della Salute e dell'Ambiente, Universita degli Studi dell'Aquila, L'Aquila, Abruzzo, I-67100, Italy
| | - Ornella Comandini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia, I-09042, Italy
| | - Maria Alice Neves
- Departamento de Botânica, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-960, Brazil
| | - Andrea C. Rinaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Sardinia, I-09042, Italy
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Corrales A, Koch RA, Vasco-Palacios AM, Smith ME, Ge ZW, Henkel TW. Diversity and distribution of tropical ectomycorrhizal fungi. Mycologia 2022; 114:919-933. [PMID: 36194092 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2022.2115284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
The tropics were long considered to have few ectomycorrhizal fungi, presumably due to a paucity of ectomycorrhizal host plants relative to higher-latitude ecosystems. However, an increase in research in tropical regions over the past 30 years has greatly expanded knowledge about the occurrence of tropical ectomycorrhizal fungi. To assess their broad biogeographic and diversity patterns, we conducted a comprehensive review and quantitative data analysis of 49 studies with 80 individual data sets along with additional data from GlobalFungi to elucidate tropical diversity patterns and biogeography of ectomycorrhizal fungi across the four main tropical regions: the Afrotropics, the Neotropics, Southeast Asia, and Oceania. Generalized linear models were used to explore biotic and abiotic influences on the relative abundance of the 10 most frequently occurring lineages. We also reviewed the available literature and synthesized current knowledge about responses of fungi to anthropogenic disturbances, and their conservation status and threats. We found that /russula-lactarius and /tomentella-thelephora were the most abundant lineages in the Afrotropics, the Neotropics, and Southeast Asia, whereas /cortinarius was the most abundant lineage in Oceania, and that /russula-lactarius, /inocybe, and /tomentella-thelephora were the most species-rich lineages across all of the tropical regions. Based on these analyses, we highlight knowledge gaps for each tropical region. Increased sampling of tropical regions, collaborative efforts, and use of molecular methodologies are needed for a more comprehensive view of the ecology and diversity of tropical ectomycorrhizal fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Corrales
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 26 # 63B - 48, Bogotá 111221, Colombia
| | - Rachel A Koch
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, 1376 Storrs Rd., Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Aída M Vasco-Palacios
- Grupo BioMicro y de Microbiología Ambiental, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-2, Medellín, Colombia. Asociación Colombiana de Micología, ASCOLMIC
| | - Matthew E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 2550 Hull Road, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Zai-Wei Ge
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green Development, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanhei Road 132, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Terry W Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, 1 Harpst St., Arcata, California 95521, USA
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Dueñas JF, Hempel S, Homeier J, Suárez JP, Rillig MC, Camenzind T. Root associated fungal lineages of a tropical montane forest show contrasting sensitivities to the long-term addition of nitrogen and phosphorus. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 14:775-784. [PMID: 36085412 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Root associated fungal (RAF) communities can exert strong effects on plant communities and are potentially sensitive to shifts in soil fertility. As increased atmospheric nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deposition can alter the nutrient balance in natural ecosystems, we assessed the response of RAF communities to a fertilization experiment deployed on a highly diverse Andean forest. The stand level fine root fraction was sampled after 7 years of systematic N and P additions and RAF communities were characterized by a deep sequencing approach. We expected that fertilization will enhance competition of fungal taxa for limiting nutrients, thus eliciting diversity reductions and alterations in the structure of RAF communities. Fertilization treatments did not reduce RAF richness but affected community composition. At the phylum level fertilization reduced richness exclusively among Glomeromycota. In contrast, N and P additions (alone or in combination) altered the composition of several fungal phyla. The lack of a generalized response to long-term fertilization among RAF lineages suggests that most of these lineages will not be directly and immediately affected by the increasing rates of atmospheric N and P deposition expected for this region by 2050.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Dueñas
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hempel
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Homeier
- Plant Ecology and Ecosystems Research, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Suárez
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Tessa Camenzind
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
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5
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Zhu M, Chen H, Si J, Wu L. Effect of cultivation mode on bacterial and fungal communities of Dendrobium catenatum. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:221. [PMID: 36127644 PMCID: PMC9490927 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The orchid growth and development often associate with microbes. However, the interaction between plant performance and microbial communities within and surrounding plants is less understood. Dendrobium catenatum, which used to be an endangered orchid species, has become a billion dollar industry in China. Simulated natural cultivation modes, such as living tree epiphytic (LT) and cliff epiphytic (CE) cultivations, improve the production or quality of D. catenatum and contribute to the development of D. catenatum industry. In a previous study, morphological characteristics, anatomical structure, and main bioactive components (polysaccharides and ethanol-soluble extractives) of D. catenatum grown under LT and CE significantly differed from a facility cultivation mode, pot (PO) cultivation, were observed. Whether cultivation mode affects bacterial and fungal communities of D. catenatum, thereby affecting the chemical quality of this plant, need to be explored. Results Both three plant organs (leaf, stem, and root) and cultivating substrates obtained under three cultivation modes: living tree epiphytic (LT), cliff epiphytic (CE), and pot (PO) cultivation were examined by adopting high-throughput sequencing methods. Subsequently, bacterial and fungal correlations with D. catenatum main chemical components, stem polysaccharides and ethanol-soluble extractives and leaf phenols and flavonoids, were elucidated. The results showed that microbial communities of the plants and substrates are both influenced by the cultivation mode. However, the plants and their cultivating substrates exhibited different patterns of bacterial and fungal composition, with clearly distinguished dominant bacterial groups, but shared dominance among fungal groups. Bacteria and fungi differed in abundance, diversity, and community structure, depending on the cultivation environment and plant organ. Both bacterial and fungal communities were affected by cultivation mode and plant organ. In both plants and substrates, PO bacterial and fungal community structure differed significantly from those of LT and CE modes. Bacterial and fungal community structure differed significantly between roots and the other two plant organs examined (stems and leaves). Several bacteria and fungi were positively correlated with main chemical components in D. catenatum. Conclusions The findings indicate that microbial communities of the plants and substrates were both influenced by the cultivation mode and plant organ, and some of them were positively correlated with main chemical components in D. catenatum. The research would enhance our understanding of interactions between Dendrobium and the microbial environment, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of improved D. catenatum cultivation methods. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-022-02635-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, and Dendrobium catenatum Engineering and Technical Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Lin'an, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, and Dendrobium catenatum Engineering and Technical Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Lin'an, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Si
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, and Dendrobium catenatum Engineering and Technical Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Lin'an, 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingshang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, and Dendrobium catenatum Engineering and Technical Research Center of State Forestry Administration, Lin'an, 311300, People's Republic of China.
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Li Y, He X, Yuan H, Lv G. Differed Growth Stage Dynamics of Root-Associated Bacterial and Fungal Community Structure Associated with Halophytic Plant Lycium ruthenicum. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081644. [PMID: 36014066 PMCID: PMC9414475 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lycium ruthenicum, a halophytic shrub, has been used to remediate saline soils in northwest China. However, little is known about its root-associated microbial community and how it may be affected by the plant’s growth cycle. In this study, we investigate the microbial community structure of L. ruthenicum by examining three root compartments (rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endosphere) during four growth stages (vegetative, flowering, fruiting, and senescence). The microbial community diversity and composition were determined by Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S V3–V4 and 18S ITS regions. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacterial phyla, while Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota were the most dominant fungal phyla. The alpha diversity of the bacterial communities was highest in the rhizosphere and decreased from the rhizosphere to the endosphere compartments; the fungal communities did not show a consistent trend. The rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endosphere had distinct bacterial community structures among the three root compartments and from the bulk soil. Additionally, PERMANOVA indicated that the effect of rhizocompartments explained a large proportion of the total community variation. Differential and biomarker analysis not only revealed that each compartment had unique biomarkers and was enriched for specific bacteria, but also that the biomarkers changed with the plant growth cycle. Fungi were also affected by the rhizocompartment, but to a much less so than bacteria, with significant differences in the community composition along the root compartments observed only during the vegetative and flowering stages. Instead, the growth stages appear to account for most of the fungal community variation as demonstrated by PCoA and NMDS, and supported by differential and biomarker analysis, which revealed that the fungal community composition in the rhizosphere and endosphere were dynamic in response to the growth stage. Many enriched OTUs or biomarkers that were identified in the root compartments were potentially beneficial to the plant, meanwhile, some harmful OTUs were excluded from the root, implying that the host plant can select for beneficial bacteria and fungi, which can promote plant growth or increase salt tolerance. In conclusion, the root compartment and growth stage were both determinant factors in structuring the microbial communities of L. ruthenicum, but the effects were different in bacteria and fungi, suggesting that bacterial and fungal community structures respond differently to these growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Xuemin He
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Hongfei Yuan
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Guanghui Lv
- College of Ecology and Environment, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, China
- Xinjiang Jinghe Observation and Research Station of Temperate Desert Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830046, China
- Correspondence:
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Magnago AC, Alves-Silva G, Henkel TW, da Silveira RMB. New genera, species, and combinations of Boletaceae from Brazil and Guyana. Mycologia 2022; 114:1-19. [PMID: 35452350 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2022.2037307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Brasilioporus olivaceoflavidus, gen. et sp. nov., Brasilioporus simoniarum, sp. nov., Neotropicomus australis, gen. et sp. nov., and Nevesoporus nigrostipitatus, gen. et sp. nov. (Boletaceae, Boletales, Basidiomycota), are described from the endangered Atlantic Forest biome of eastern Brazil. New combinations into these new genera are proposed for the Guyanese taxa Xerocomus parvogracilis, Tylopilus rufonigricans, and Tylopilus exiguus. Boletaceae subfamily Chalciporoideae was recircumscribed to include the new genus Nevesoporus. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using a multilocus data set (ITS+28S+TEF1+RPB1+RPB2) from a large taxon set across the Boletaceae justify recognition of the new genera. Morphological, ecological, and DNA sequence data are provided for the new species. A key to known native and introduced bolete species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altielys Casale Magnago
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Campus Goiabeiras, Vitória, 29075-910, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale, Porto Alegre, 91509-900, Brazil
| | - Genivaldo Alves-Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale, Porto Alegre, 91509-900, Brazil
- MIND.Funga (Monitoring and Inventorying Neotropical Diversity of Fungi), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
- Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Terry W Henkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California 95521, USA
| | - Rosa Mara Borges da Silveira
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus do Vale, Porto Alegre, 91509-900, Brazil
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Bai YC, Li BX, Xu CY, Raza M, Wang Q, Wang QZ, Fu YN, Hu JY, Imoulan A, Hussain M, Xu YJ. Intercropping Walnut and Tea: Effects on Soil Nutrients, Enzyme Activity, and Microbial Communities. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:852342. [PMID: 35369467 PMCID: PMC8971985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.852342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The practice of intercropping, which involves growing more than one crop simultaneously during the same growing season, is becoming more important for increasing soil quality, land-use efficiency, and subsequently crop productivity. The present study examined changes in soil physicochemical properties, enzymatic activity, and microbial community composition when walnut (Juglans spp.) was intercropped with tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plants in a forest and compared with a walnut and tea monocropping system. The results showed that walnut–tea intercropping improved the soil nutrient profile and enzymatic activity. The soil available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), organic matter (OM) content, and sucrase activity were significantly boosted in intercropped walnut and tea than in monocropping forests. The interaction between crops further increased bacterial and fungal diversity when compared to monoculture tea forests. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Chlamydiae, Rozellomycota, and Zoopagomycota were found in greater abundance in an intercropping pattern than in monoculture walnut and tea forest plantations. The walnut–tea intercropping system also markedly impacted the abundance of several bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which were previously shown to support nutrient cycling, prevent diseases, and ameliorate abiotic stress. The results of this study suggest that intercropping walnut with tea increased host fitness and growth by positively influencing soil microbial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | | | - Mubashar Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Zhu Wang
- Center for Walnut Technology of Baokang County, Xiangyang, China
| | - Ya-Nan Fu
- Center for Walnut Technology of Baokang County, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jian-Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of the Discovery and Development of Novel Pesticides, Shenyang Sinochem Agrochemicals R&D Co., Ltd., Shenyang, China
| | - Abdessamad Imoulan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technics of Errachidia, Mouly Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Muzammil Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Jie Xu
- Hubei Academy of Forestry, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yong-Jie Xu,
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Selosse MA, Petrolli R, Mujica MI, Laurent L, Perez-Lamarque B, Figura T, Bourceret A, Jacquemyn H, Li T, Gao J, Minasiewicz J, Martos F. The Waiting Room Hypothesis revisited by orchids: were orchid mycorrhizal fungi recruited among root endophytes? ANNALS OF BOTANY 2022; 129:259-270. [PMID: 34718377 PMCID: PMC8835631 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcab134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As in most land plants, the roots of orchids (Orchidaceae) associate with soil fungi. Recent studies have highlighted the diversity of the fungal partners involved, mostly within Basidiomycotas. The association with a polyphyletic group of fungi collectively called rhizoctonias (Ceratobasidiaceae, Tulasnellaceae and Serendipitaceae) is the most frequent. Yet, several orchid species target other fungal taxa that differ from rhizoctonias by their phylogenetic position and/or ecological traits related to their nutrition out of the orchid roots (e.g. soil saprobic or ectomycorrhizal fungi). We offer an evolutionary framework for these symbiotic associations. SCOPE Our view is based on the 'Waiting Room Hypothesis', an evolutionary scenario stating that mycorrhizal fungi of land flora were recruited from ancestors that initially colonized roots as endophytes. Endophytes biotrophically colonize tissues in a diffuse way, contrasting with mycorrhizae by the absence of morphological differentiation and of contribution to the plant's nutrition. The association with rhizoctonias is probably the ancestral symbiosis that persists in most extant orchids, while during orchid evolution numerous secondary transitions occurred to other fungal taxa. We suggest that both the rhizoctonia partners and the secondarily acquired ones are from fungal taxa that have broad endophytic ability, as exemplified in non-orchid roots. We review evidence that endophytism in non-orchid plants is the current ecology of many rhizoctonias, which suggests that their ancestors may have been endophytic in orchid ancestors. This also applies to the non-rhizoctonia fungi that were secondarily recruited by several orchid lineages as mycorrhizal partners. Indeed, from our review of the published literature, they are often detected, probably as endophytes, in extant rhizoctonia-associated orchids. CONCLUSION The orchid family offers one of the best documented examples of the 'Waiting Room Hypothesis': their mycorrhizal symbioses support the idea that extant mycorrhizal fungi have been recruited among endophytic fungi that colonized orchid ancestors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-André Selosse
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Rémi Petrolli
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - María Isabel Mujica
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
- Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile, & Instituto de Ecología and Biodiversidad (IEB), Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Liam Laurent
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Benoît Perez-Lamarque
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut de Biologie de l’École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 46 rue d’Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tomáš Figura
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, 128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Amelia Bourceret
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hans Jacquemyn
- Department of Biology, Plant Conservation and Population Biology, Department of Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Taiqiang Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiangyun Gao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Julita Minasiewicz
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Florent Martos
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
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10
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Geml J, Arnold AE, Semenova-Nelsen TA, Nouhra ER, Drechsler-Santos ER, Góes-Neto A, Morgado LN, Ódor P, Hegyi B, Grau O, Ibáñez A, Tedersoo L, Lutzoni F. Community dynamics of soil-borne fungal communities along elevation gradients in neotropical and paleotropical forests. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:2044-2060. [PMID: 35080063 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Because of their steep gradients in abiotic and biotic factors, mountains offer an ideal setting to illuminate the mechanisms that underlie patterns of species distributions and community assembly. We compared the composition of taxonomically and functionally diverse fungal communities in soils along five elevational gradients in mountains of the Neo- and Paleotropics (northern Argentina, southern Brazil, Panama, Malaysian Borneo, and Papua New Guinea). Both richness and composition of soil fungal communities reflect environmental factors, particularly temperature and soil pH, with some shared patterns among neotropical and paleotropical regions. Community dynamics are characterized by replacement of species along elevation gradients, implying a relatively narrow elevation range for most fungi, which appears to be driven by contrasting environmental preferences among both functional and taxonomic groups. For functional groups dependent on symbioses with plants (especially ectomycorrhizal fungi), the distribution of host plants drives richness and community composition, resulting in important differences in elevational patterns between neotropical and paleotropical montane communities. The pronounced compositional and functional turnover along elevation gradients implies that tropical montane forest fungi will be sensitive to climate change, resulting in shifts in composition and functionality over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- József Geml
- ELKH-EKKE Lendület Environmental Microbiome Research Group, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, H-3300, Eger, Hungary.,Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A Elizabeth Arnold
- School of Plant Sciences and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Tatiana A Semenova-Nelsen
- Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo R Nouhra
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Plant Biology (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luis N Morgado
- Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Péter Ódor
- Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, 2163, Vácrátót, Hungary
| | - Balázs Hegyi
- Research and Development Centre, Eszterházy Károly Catholic University, H-3300, Eger, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Earth Science and Department for Landscape Protection and Environmental Geography, University of Debrecen, H-4002, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Oriol Grau
- CREAF, Global Ecology Unit, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.,Cirad, UMR EcoFoG (AgroParisTech, CNRS, Inra, Univ. Antilles, Univ. Guyane), Campus Agronomique, Kourou, French Guiana.,Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alicia Ibáñez
- School of Plant Sciences and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Mycology and Microbiology Center, University of Tartu, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - François Lutzoni
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, U.S.A
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11
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Mycorrhizas and Ecological Restoration in South America. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12994-0_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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12
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Peng L, Shan X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Druzhinina IS, Pan X, Jin W, He X, Wang X, Zhang X, Martin FM, Yuan Z. Facultative symbiosis with a saprotrophic soil fungus promotes potassium uptake in American sweetgum trees. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2793-2809. [PMID: 33764571 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several species of soil free-living saprotrophs can sometimes establish biotrophic symbiosis with plants, but the basic biology of this association remains largely unknown. Here, we investigate the symbiotic interaction between a common soil saprotroph, Clitopilus hobsonii (Agaricomycetes), and the American sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua). The colonized root cortical cells were found to contain numerous microsclerotia-like structures. Fungal colonization led to increased plant growth and facilitated potassium uptake, particularly under potassium limitation (0.05 mM K+ ). The expression of plant genes related to potassium uptake was not altered by the symbiosis, but colonized roots contained the transcripts of three fungal genes with homology to K+ transporters (ACU and HAK) and channel (SKC). Heterologously expressed ChACU and ChSKC restored the growth of a yeast K+ -uptake-defective mutant. Upregulation of ChACU transcript under low K+ conditions (0 and 0.05 mM K+ ) compared to control (5 mM K+ ) was demonstrated in planta and in vitro. Colonized plants displayed a larger accumulation of soluble sugars under 0.05 mM K+ than non-colonized plants. The present study suggests reciprocal benefits of this novel tree-fungus symbiosis under potassium limitation mainly through an exchange of additional carbon and potassium between both partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoliang Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhan Yang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Irina S Druzhinina
- Fungal Genomics Group, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueyu Pan
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jin
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinghua He
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoguo Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
| | - Francis M Martin
- INRA, UMR 1136 INRA-University of Lorraine, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE, INRA-Nancy, Champenoux, France
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhilin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Zhao W, Zhao CL. The Phylogenetic Relationship Revealed Three New Wood-Inhabiting Fungal Species From Genus Trechispora. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:650195. [PMID: 33815338 PMCID: PMC8009992 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.650195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood-inhabiting fungi play a significant role in wood degradation and the cycle of matter in the ecological system. In the present study, three new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Trechispora bambusicola, Trechispora fimbriata, and Trechispora fissurata spp. nov., are nested in Trechispora, which are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (nLSU) regions of the studied samples were generated, and the phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogenetic analyses inferred from ITS showed that T. bambusicola was sister to Trechispora stevensonii, T. fimbriata grouped with Trechispora nivea, and T. fissurata grouped with Trechispora echinospora. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS + nLSU sequences demonstrated that T. bambusicola formed a single lineage and then grouped with Trechispora rigida and T. stevensonii. T. fimbriata was sister to T. nivea. T. fissurata grouped with Trechispora thelephora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.,College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Chang-Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.,College of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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14
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de Meiras-Ottoni A, Larsson KH, Gibertoni TB. Additions to Trechispora and the status of Scytinopogon (Trechisporales, Basidiomycota). Mycol Prog 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-021-01667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Weidlich EWA, Mioto PT, Furtado ANM, Ferst LM, Ernzen JP, Neves MA. Using ectomycorrhizae to improve the restoration of Neotropical coastal zones. Restor Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo T. Mioto
- Department of Botany University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis 88040‐535 Brazil
| | | | - Lara M. Ferst
- Department of Botany University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis 88040‐535 Brazil
| | - João P. Ernzen
- Department of Botany University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis 88040‐535 Brazil
| | - Maria A. Neves
- Department of Botany University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis 88040‐535 Brazil
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16
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Wang F, Gao L, Zhang S. Effects of bird aggregation on the soil properties and microbial community diversity of urban forest fragments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:140250. [PMID: 32783849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Forest fragments in urban parks provide important habitat for birds. However, the guano deposited by large aggregations of birds in such fragments can dramatically change soil properties, which in turn, can alter soil microbial community composition, potentially affecting the forests' composition and survival. To investigate the effects of bird aggregations on the soil of fragmented urban forests, we compared the soil properties and microbial communities of two forested islands, one in Liuhuahu park and the other in Wanzuitou park, Guangzhou, where large numbers of birds aggregate yearly to nest. Comparison to sites without bird aggregations suggests that decades of guano deposition appears to have caused soil acidification and an increase in soil nutrients. The relative abundance of the soil bacterial phylum Actinobacteria and the soil fungal phylum Ascomycota were significantly lower in soil under bird aggregations. The aerobic nitrite oxidation, nitrate reduction and cellulolysis bacterial guilds were significantly less abundant under bird aggregations in Liuhuahu park. The wood saprotroph fungi guild was significantly less abundant under the bird aggregation in Liuhuahua park and the pathogenic fungi guild significantly more abundant in Wanzuitou park. Soil properties, including TN, NO3--N, TOC and pH, explained the variation in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota abundance, and the alpha-diversity of the fungal community. Microbial community variation could potentially slow the rate of decomposition and disease resistance of plant in these forests. We suggest that sufficient contiguous forest should be maintained in urban areas to reduce the density of bird aggregations in isolated forest fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- College of life and environment science, Minzu university of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- College of life and environment science, Minzu university of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- College of life and environment science, Minzu university of China, Beijing, China.
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