Inhibition of PCNA antisense oligonucleotides mediated by liposome on mRNA expression and proliferation of h-RPE cells

Resveratrol Promotes Proliferation, Antioxidant Properties, and Progesterone Production in Yak (Bos grunniens) Granulosa Cells

Resveratrol (RES) is a class of natural polyphenolic compounds known for its strong anti-apoptotic and antioxidant properties. Granulosa cells (GCs) are one of the important components of ovarian follicles and play crucial roles in follicular development of follicles in the ovary. Here, we explored the effects of RES on the proliferation and functions of yak GCs. Firstly, we evaluated the effect of RES dose and time in culture on the viability of GCs, and then the optimum treatment protocol (10 μM RES, 36 h) was selected to analyze the effects of RES on the proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, lipid droplet content, ATP production, and steroidogenesis of GCs, as well as the expression of related genes. The results show that RES treatment significantly (1) increased cell viability and proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis by upregulating BCL-2 and SIRT1 genes and downregulating BAX, CASP3, P53, and KU70 genes; (2) increased the proportion of GCs in the S phase and upregulated CCND1, PCNA, CDK4, and CDK5 genes; (3) reduced ROS accumulation and MDA content and increased GSH content, as well as upregulating the relative expression levels of CAT, SOD2, and GPX1 genes; (4) decreased lipid droplet content and increased ATP production; (5) promoted progesterone (P4) secretion and the expression of P4 synthesis-related genes (StAR, HSD3B1, and CYP11A1); and (6) inhibited E2 secretion and CYP19A1 expression. These findings suggest that RES at 10 μM increases the proliferation and antioxidant properties, inhibits apoptosis, and promotes ATP production, lipid droplet consumption, and P4 secretion of yak GCs.

Targeting Liposomal Nanomedicine to Cancer Therapy

Drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to improve the pharmacological and therapeutic effect. In the past few decades, there are some problems that impeded applications of particulate DDS have been resolved, with several DDS formulations of anticancer now approved for clinical use. Liposomal nanoparticles (LNs) encapsulating therapeutic agents have been recognized as one of the most advanced classes of DDS. Liposomal nanoparticles (LNs) could encapsulate both conventional anticancer drugs and the new genetic drugs with several properties such as high drug-to-lipid ratio, excellent retention of drug and a long circulation lifetime. These excellent properties of LNs have the potentials to offer new treatments in area of cancer therapy. Here, we will discuss recent advances in this field involving conventional anticancer drugs as well as the new genetic drugs.