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Mao K, Liu C, Tang Z, Rao Z, Wen J. Advances in drug resistance of osteosarcoma caused by pregnane X receptor. Drug Metab Rev 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38872275 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2024.2366948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent malignancy among adolescents, commonly manifesting during childhood and adolescence. It exhibits a high degree of malignancy, propensity for metastasis, rapid progression, and poses challenges in clinical management. Chemotherapy represents an efficacious therapeutic modality for OS treatment. However, chemotherapy resistance of OS is a major problem in clinical treatment. In order to treat OS effectively, it is particularly important to explore the mechanism of chemotherapy resistance in OS.The Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a nuclear receptor primarily involved in the metabolism, transport, and elimination of xenobiotics, including chemotherapeutic agents. PXR involves three stages of drug metabolism: stage I: drug metabolism enzymes; stage II: drug binding enzyme; stage III: drug transporter.PXR has been confirmed to be involved in the process of chemotherapy resistance in malignant tumors. The expression of PXR is increased in OS, which may be related to drug resistance of OS. Therefore, wereviewed in detail the role of PXR in chemotherapy drug resistance in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan Normal University school of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongwen Tang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhouzhou Rao
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Department of Physiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan Normal University school of Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
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2
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Manickasamy MK, Jayaprakash S, Girisa S, Kumar A, Lam HY, Okina E, Eng H, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Kunnumakkara AB. Delineating the role of nuclear receptors in colorectal cancer, a focused review. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:41. [PMID: 38372868 PMCID: PMC10876515 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00808-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) stands as one of the most prevalent form of cancer globally, causing a significant number of deaths, surpassing 0.9 million in the year 2020. According to GLOBOCAN 2020, CRC ranks third in incidence and second in mortality in both males and females. Despite extensive studies over the years, there is still a need to establish novel therapeutic targets to enhance the patients' survival rate in CRC. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors (TFs) that regulate numerous essential biological processes such as differentiation, development, physiology, reproduction, and cellular metabolism. Dysregulation and anomalous expression of different NRs has led to multiple alterations, such as impaired signaling cascades, mutations, and epigenetic changes, leading to various diseases, including cancer. It has been observed that differential expression of various NRs might lead to the initiation and progression of CRC, and are correlated with poor survival outcomes in CRC patients. Despite numerous studies on the mechanism and role of NRs in this cancer, it remains of significant scientific interest primarily due to the diverse functions that various NRs exhibit in regulating key hallmarks of this cancer. Thus, modulating the expression of NRs with their agonists and antagonists, based on their expression levels, holds an immense prospect in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutical modalities of CRC. In this review, we primarily focus on the role and mechanism of NRs in the pathogenesis of CRC and emphasized the significance of targeting these NRs using a variety of agents, which may represent a novel and effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Manickasamy
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sujitha Jayaprakash
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Hiu Yan Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117699, Singapore
| | - Elena Okina
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117699, Singapore
| | - Huiyan Eng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117699, Singapore
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117699, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117600, Singapore.
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Queenstown, 117699, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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3
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Abbott K, Salamat JM, Flannery PC, Chaudhury CS, Chandran A, Vishveshwara S, Mani S, Huang J, Tiwari AK, Pondugula SR. Gefitinib Inhibits Rifampicin-Induced CYP3A4 Gene Expression in Human Hepatocytes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:34034-34044. [PMID: 36188260 PMCID: PMC9520547 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During multidrug combination chemotherapy, activation of the nuclear receptor and the transcription factor human pregnane xenobiotic receptor (hPXR) has been shown to play a role in the development of chemoresistance. Mechanistically, this could occur due to the cancer drug activation of hPXR and the subsequent upregulation of hPXR target genes such as the drug metabolism enzyme, cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). In the context of hPXR-mediated drug resistance, hPXR antagonists would be useful adjuncts to PXR-activating chemotherapy. However, there are currently no clinically approved hPXR antagonists in the market. Gefitinib (GEF), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and effectively used in combinational chemotherapy treatments, is a promising candidate owing to its hPXR ligand-like features. We, therefore, investigated whether GEF would act as an hPXR antagonist when combined with a known hPXR agonist, rifampicin (RIF). At therapeutically relevant concentrations, GEF successfully inhibited the RIF-induced upregulation of endogenous CYP3A4 gene expression in human primary hepatocytes and human hepatocells. Additionally, GEF inhibited the RIF induction of hPXR-mediated CYP3A4 promoter activity in HepG2 human liver carcinoma cells. The computational modeling of molecular docking predicted that GEF could bind to multiple sites on hPXR including the ligand-binding pocket, allowing for potential as a direct antagonist as well as an allosteric inhibitor. Indeed, GEF bound to the ligand-binding domain of the hPXR in cell-free assays, suggesting that GEF directly interacts with the hPXR. Taken together, our results suggest that GEF, at its clinically relevant therapeutic concentration, can antagonize the hPXR agonist-induced CYP3A4 gene expression in human hepatocytes. Thus, GEF could be a potential candidate for use in combinational chemotherapies to combat hPXR agonist-induced chemoresistance. Further studies are warranted to determine whether GEF has sufficient hPXR inhibitor abilities to overcome the hPXR agonist-induced chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodye
L. Abbott
- Department
of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
- Auburn
University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
- Salk
Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Julia M. Salamat
- Department
of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
- Auburn
University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Patrick C. Flannery
- Department
of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
- Auburn
University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
- Salk
Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Chloe S. Chaudhury
- Department
of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
- Auburn
University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Aneesh Chandran
- Department
of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kannur
University, Kannur, Kerala 670661, India
| | | | - Sridhar Mani
- Albert Einstein
Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, New York 10461, United States
| | - Jianfeng Huang
- Salk
Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Center
of Medical Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 306, United Arab Emirates
- Department
of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States
- Department
of Cell and Cancer Biology, University of
Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United
States
| | - Satyanarayana R. Pondugula
- Department
of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
- Auburn
University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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4
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Sun L, Sun Z, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Jia Z. Role of nuclear receptor PXR in immune cells and inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:969399. [PMID: 36119030 PMCID: PMC9481241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.969399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2), a prototypical member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, has been implicated in various processes including metabolism, immune response, and inflammation. The immune system is made up of many interdependent parts, including lymphoid organs, cells, and cytokines, which play important roles in identifying, repelling, and eliminating pathogens and other foreign chemicals. An impaired immune system could contribute to various physical dysfunction, including severe infections, allergic diseases, autoimmune disorders, and other inflammatory diseases. Recent studies revealed the involvement of PXR in the pathogenesis of immune disorders and inflammatory responses. Thus, the aim of this work is to review and discuss the advances in research associated with PXR on immunity and inflammatory diseases and to provide insights into the development of therapeutic interventions of immune disorders and inflammatory diseases by targeting PXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Sun
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Sun
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhang, ; Zhanjun Jia,
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhang, ; Zhanjun Jia,
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Niu X, Wu T, Li G, Gu X, Tian Y, Cui H. Insights into the critical role of the PXR in preventing carcinogenesis and chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:742-759. [PMID: 35002522 PMCID: PMC8741843 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.68724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnane x receptor (PXR) as a nuclear receptor is well-established in drug metabolism, however, it has pleiotropic functions in regulating inflammatory responses, glucose metabolism, and protects normal cells against carcinogenesis. Most studies focus on its transcriptional regulation, however, PXR can regulate gene expression at the translational level. Emerging evidences have shown that PXR has a broad protein-protein interaction network, by which is implicated in the cross signaling pathways. Furthermore, the interactions between PXR and some critical proteins (e.g., p53, Tip60, p300/CBP-associated factor) in DNA damage pathway highlight its potential roles in this field. A thorough understanding of how PXR maintains genome stability and prevents carcinogenesis will help clinical diagnosis and finally benefit patients. Meanwhile, due to the regulation of CYP450 enzymes CYP3A4 and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), PXR contributes to chemotherapeutic drug resistance. It is worthy of note that the co-factor of PXR such as RXRα, also has contributions to this process, which makes the PXR-mediated drug resistance more complicated. Although single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) vary between individuals, the amino acid substitution on exon of PXR finally affects PXR transcriptional activity. In this review, we have summarized the updated mechanisms that PXR protects the human body against carcinogenesis, and major contributions of PXR with its co-factors have made on multidrug resistance. Furthermore, we have also reviewed the current promising antagonist and their clinic applications in reversing chemoresistance. We believe our review will bring insight into PXR-targeted cancer therapy, enlighten the future study direction, and provide substantial evidence for the clinic in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Niu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Gege Li
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinsheng Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Hongmei Cui
- Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, China
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6
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Zhang R, Huang M, Wang H, Wu S, Yao J, Ge Y, Lu Y, Hu Q. Identification of Potential Biomarkers From Hepatocellular Carcinoma With MT1 Deletion. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:597527. [PMID: 34257549 PMCID: PMC8262205 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.597527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide. Metallothioneins (MTs) are metal-binding proteins involved in multiple biological processes such as metal homeostasis and detoxification, as well as in oncogenesis. Copy number variation (CNV) plays a vital role in pathogenesis and carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, there is no study on the role of MT1 CNV in HCC. Methods: Array-based Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) analysis was performed to obtain the CNV data of 79 Guangxi HCC patients. The prognostic effect of MT1-deletion was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened based on The Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) and the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-LIHC). Then function and pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and hub gene selection were applied on the DEGs. Lastly, the hub genes were validated by immunohistochemistry, tissue expression and prognostic analysis. Results: The MT1-deletion was demonstrated to affect the prognosis of HCC and can act as an independent prognostic factor. 147 common DEGs were screened. The most significant cluster of DEGs identified by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) indicated that the expression of four MT1s were down-regulated. MT1X and other five hub genes (TTK, BUB1, CYP3A4, NR1I2, CYP8B1) were associated with the prognosis of HCC. TTK, could affect the prognosis of HCC with MT1-deletion and non-deletion. NR1I2, CYP8B1, and BUB1 were associated with the prognosis of HCC with MT1-deletion. Conclusions: In the current study, we demonstrated that MT1-deletion can be an independent prognostic factor in HCC. We identified TTK, BUB1, NR1I2, CYP8B1 by processing microarray data, for the first time revealed the underlying function of MT1 deletion in HCC, MT1-deletion may influence the gene expression in HCC, which may be the potential biomarkers for HCC with MT1 deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohao Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Miao Huang
- Radiology Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shengming Wu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiali Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yingying Ge
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yufei Lu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiping Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Creusot N, Gassiot M, Alaterre E, Chiavarina B, Grimaldi M, Boulahtouf A, Toporova L, Gerbal-Chaloin S, Daujat-Chavanieu M, Matheux A, Rahmani R, Gongora C, Evrard A, Pourquier P, Balaguer P. The Anti-Cancer Drug Dabrafenib Is a Potent Activator of the Human Pregnane X Receptor. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071641. [PMID: 32650447 PMCID: PMC7407672 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human pregnane X receptor (hPXR) is activated by a large set of endogenous and exogenous compounds and plays a critical role in the control of detoxifying enzymes and transporters regulating liver and gastrointestinal drug metabolism and clearance. hPXR is also involved in both the development of multidrug resistance and enhanced cancer cells aggressiveness. Moreover, its unintentional activation by pharmaceutical drugs can mediate drug–drug interactions and cause severe adverse events. In that context, the potential of the anticancer BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib suspected to activate hPXR and the human constitutive androstane receptor (hCAR) has not been thoroughly investigated yet. Using different reporter cellular assays, we demonstrate that dabrafenib can activate hPXR as efficiently as its reference agonist SR12813, whereas it does not activate mouse or zebrafish PXR nor hCAR. We also showed that dabrafenib binds to recombinant hPXR, induces the expression of hPXR responsive genes in colon LS174T-hPXR cancer cells and human hepatocytes and finally increases the proliferation in LS174T-hPXR cells. Our study reveals that by using a panel of different cellular techniques it is possible to improve the assessment of hPXR agonist activity for new developed drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Creusot
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Matthieu Gassiot
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Elina Alaterre
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Barbara Chiavarina
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Lucia Toporova
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Sabine Gerbal-Chaloin
- IRMB, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; (S.G.-C.); (M.D.-C.)
| | - Martine Daujat-Chavanieu
- IRMB, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France; (S.G.-C.); (M.D.-C.)
| | - Alice Matheux
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Roger Rahmani
- INRA UMR 1331 TOXALIM, 06560 Sophia Antipolis, France;
| | - Céline Gongora
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Alexandre Evrard
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Philippe Pourquier
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (P.B.); Tel.: +33-467613787 (P.P.); +33-467612409 (P.B.); Fax: +33-467613787 (P.P.); +33-467612337 (P.B.)
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Inserm U1194, Université de Montpellier, ICM, 34298 Montpellier, France; (N.C.); (M.G.); (E.A.); (B.C.); (M.G.); (A.B.); (L.T.); (A.M.); (C.G.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (P.B.); Tel.: +33-467613787 (P.P.); +33-467612409 (P.B.); Fax: +33-467613787 (P.P.); +33-467612337 (P.B.)
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8
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De Mattia E, Polesel J, Roncato R, Labriet A, Bignucolo A, Dreussi E, Romanato L, Guardascione M, Buonadonna A, D'Andrea M, Lévesque E, Jonker D, Couture F, Guillemette C, Cecchin E, Toffoli G. Germline Polymorphisms in the Nuclear Receptors PXR and VDR as Novel Prognostic Markers in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated With FOLFIRI. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1312. [PMID: 31850208 PMCID: PMC6901926 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors act as mediators of cancer-related inflammation and gene expression. They have a regulatory effect on genes encoding proteins related to drug adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. The aim of the present study was to highlight novel prognostic markers among polymorphisms in genes encoding for nuclear receptor proteins and inflammation-related cytokines in patients treated with a FOLFIRI regimen. This study included two independent cohorts comprising a total of 337 mCRC patients homogeneously treated with first-line FOLFIRI. Genotyping of 246 haplotype-tagging polymorphisms in 22 genes was performed using bead array technology. The NR1I2 (PXR)-rs1054190 and VDR-rs7299460 polymorphisms were significantly associated with patient overall survival (OS). A detrimental effect of the NR1I2 rs1054190-TT genotype on OS was observed in both the discovery and replication cohorts (HR = 6.84, P = 0.0021, q-value = 0.1278 and HR = 3.56, P = 0.0414, respectively). Patients harboring the NR1I2 rs1054190-TT genotype had a median OS of 9 months vs. 21 months in patients with C-allele (P < 0.0001 log-rank test). VDR rs7299460-T was consistently associated with a longer OS in both cohorts (discovery: HR = 0.61, P = 0.0075, q-value = 0.1535; replication: HR = 0.57, P = 0.0477). Patients with the VDR rs7299460-T allele had a median OS of 23 months compared to 18 months in those with the CC genotype (P = 0.0489, log-rank test). The NR1I2-rs1054190 polymorphism also had an effect on the duration of progression-free survival, consistent with the effect observed on OS. Two novel prognostic markers for mCRC treated with FOLFIRI were described and, if validated by prospective trials, have a potential application in the management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Mattia
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Rossana Roncato
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Adrien Labriet
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CHU de Québec) Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Alessia Bignucolo
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Eva Dreussi
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Loredana Romanato
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Michela Guardascione
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Angela Buonadonna
- Medical Oncology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Mario D'Andrea
- Medical Oncology Unit, "San Filippo Neri Hospital", Rome, Italy
| | - Eric Lévesque
- CHU de Québec Research Center and Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Derek Jonker
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Félix Couture
- CHU de Québec Research Center and Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Chantal Guillemette
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CHU de Québec) Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
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Ceballos MP, Rigalli JP, Ceré LI, Semeniuk M, Catania VA, Ruiz ML. ABC Transporters: Regulation and Association with Multidrug Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Colorectal Carcinoma. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1224-1250. [PMID: 29303075 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180105103637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For most cancers, the treatment of choice is still chemotherapy despite its severe adverse effects, systemic toxicity and limited efficacy due to the development of multidrug resistance (MDR). MDR leads to chemotherapy failure generally associated with a decrease in drug concentration inside cancer cells, frequently due to the overexpression of ABC transporters such as P-glycoprotein (P-gp/MDR1/ABCB1), multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs/ABCCs), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2), which limits the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs. The aim of this review is to compile information about transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of ABC transporters and discuss their role in mediating MDR in cancer cells. This review also focuses on drug resistance by ABC efflux transporters in cancer cells, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells. Some aspects of the chemotherapy failure and future directions to overcome this problem are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Paula Ceballos
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Rigalli
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lucila Inés Ceré
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mariana Semeniuk
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Viviana Alicia Catania
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
| | - María Laura Ruiz
- Institute of Experimental Physiology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Science, Rosario National University, Rosario, Argentina
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10
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Rigalli JP, Tocchetti GN, Weiss J. Modulation of ABC Transporters by Nuclear Receptors: Physiological, Pathological and Pharmacological Aspects. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1079-1112. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170920141707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABC transporters are membrane proteins mediating the efflux of endo- and xenobiotics. Transporter expression is not static but instead is subject to a dynamic modulation aiming at responding to changes in the internal environment and thus at maintaining homeostatic conditions. Nuclear receptors are ligand modulated transcription factors that get activated upon changes in the intracellular concentrations of the respective agonists and bind to response elements within the promoter of ABC transporters, thus modulating their expression and, consequently, their activity. This review compiles information about transporter regulation by nuclear receptors classified according to the perpetrator compounds and the biological effects resulting from the regulation. Modulation by hormone receptors is involved in maintaining endocrine homeostasis and may also lead to an altered efflux of other substrates in cases of altered hormonal levels. Xenobiotic receptors play a key role in limiting the accumulation of potentially harmful compounds. In addition, their frequent activation by therapeutic agents makes them common molecular elements mediating drug-drug interactions and cancer multidrug resistance. Finally, lipid and retinoid receptors are usually activated by endogenous molecules, thus sensing metabolic changes and inducing ABC transporters to counteract potential alterations. Furthermore, the axis nuclear receptor-ABC transporter constitutes a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of several disease states like cancer, atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. In the current work, we summarize the information available on the pharmacological potential of nuclear receptor modulators and discuss their applicability in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Rigalli
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology. University of Heidelberg. Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guillermo Nicolás Tocchetti
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology. University of Heidelberg. Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johanna Weiss
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacoepidemiology. University of Heidelberg. Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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11
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Abstract
Cancer is a daunting global problem confronting the world's population. The most frequent therapeutic approaches include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and more recently immunotherapy. In the case of chemotherapy, patients ultimately develop resistance to both single and multiple chemotherapeutic agents, which can culminate in metastatic disease which is a major cause of patient death from solid tumors. Chemoresistance, a primary cause of treatment failure, is attributed to multiple factors including decreased drug accumulation, reduced drug-target interactions, increased populations of cancer stem cells, enhanced autophagy activity, and reduced apoptosis in cancer cells. Reprogramming tumor cells to undergo drug-induced apoptosis provides a promising and powerful strategy for treating resistant and recurrent neoplastic diseases. This can be achieved by downregulating dysregulated antiapoptotic factors or activation of proapoptotic factors in tumor cells. A major target of dysregulation in cancer cells that can occur during chemoresistance involves altered expression of Bcl-2 family members. Bcl-2 antiapoptotic molecules (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1) are frequently upregulated in acquired chemoresistant cancer cells, which block drug-induced apoptosis. We presently overview the potential role of Bcl-2 antiapoptotic proteins in the development of cancer chemoresistance and overview the clinical approaches that use Bcl-2 inhibitors to restore cell death in chemoresistant and recurrent tumors.
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12
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Dong Y, Wang Z, Xie GF, Li C, Zuo WW, Meng G, Xu CP, Li JJ. Pregnane X receptor is associated with unfavorable survival and induces chemotherapeutic resistance by transcriptional activating multidrug resistance-related protein 3 in colorectal cancer. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:71. [PMID: 28356150 PMCID: PMC5372326 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although chemotherapy represents a predominant anti-cancer therapeutic modality, drug treatment efficacy is often limited due to the development of resistant tumor cells. The pregnane X receptor (PXR) affects chemotherapeutic effects by regulating targets involved in drug metabolism and transportation, but the regulatory mechanism is poorly understood. Methods Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) content in tumor cells was analyzed by mass cytometry. The roles of PXR on cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis and tumor growth with L-OHP-treated were investigated by MTS, colony formation, flow cytometry and xenograft tumor assays. Luciferase reporter, Chromatin-immunoprecipitation and Site-directed mutagenesis were evaluated the mechanisms. The PXR and multidrug resistance-related protein 3 (MRP3) expressions were examined by western blot, RT-PCR or immunohistochemistry of TMA. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were adopted to analyze the prognostic value of PXR in colorectal cancer (CRC). Results PXR over-expression significantly increased oxaliplatin (L-OHP) transport capacity with a reduction of its content and repressed the effects of L-OHP on tumour cell proliferation and apoptosis. Conversely, PXR knockdown augments L-OHP-mediated cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, PXR significantly reduced the therapeutic effects of L-OHP on tumor growth in nude mice. Further studies indicated a positive correlation between PXR and MRP3 expression and this finding was confirmed in two independent cohorts. Significantly increased MRP3 expression was also found in PXR over-expressing cell lines. Mechanistically, PXR could directly bind to the MRP3 promoter, activating its transcription. The PXR binding sites were determined to be at -796 to -782bp (CTGAAGCAGAGGGAA) and the key binding sites were the “AGGGA” (-787 to -783bp) on the MRP3 promoter. Accordingly, blockade of MRP3 diminishes the effects on drug resistance of PXR. In addition, PXR expression is significantly associated with poor overall survival and represents an unfavorable and independent factor for male or stage I + II CRC patient prognosis. Conclusions PXR is a potential biomarker for predicting outcome and activates MRP3 transcription by directly binding to its promoter resulting in an increased L-OHP efflux capacity, and resistance to L-OHP or platinum drugs in CRC. Our work reveals a novel and unique mechanism of drug resistance in CRC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0641-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dong
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan-Feng Xie
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Wei Zuo
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Meng
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ping Xu
- Department of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, No. 29, Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Okada N, Murakami A, Urushizaki S, Matsuda M, Kawazoe K, Ishizawa K. Extracts of Immature Orange (Aurantii fructus immaturus) and Citrus Unshiu Peel (Citri unshiu pericarpium) Induce P-Glycoprotein and Cytochrome P450 3A4 Expression via Upregulation of Pregnane X Receptor. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:84. [PMID: 28270768 PMCID: PMC5318391 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) are expressed in the intestine and are associated with drug absorption and metabolism. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is the key molecule that regulates the expression of P-gp and CYP3A4. Given that PXR activity is regulated by a variety of compounds, it is possible that unknown PXR activators exist among known medicines. Kampo is a Japanese traditional medicine composed of various natural compounds. In particular, immature orange [Aurantii fructus immaturus (IO)] and citrus unshiu peel [Citri unshiu pericarpium (CP)] are common ingredients of kampo. A previous study reported that kampo containing IO or CP decreased the blood concentration of concomitant drugs via upregulation of CYP3A4 although the mechanism was unclear. Some flavonoids are indicated to alter P-gp and CYP3A4 activity via changes in PXR activity. Because IO and CP include various flavonoids, we speculated that the activity of P-gp and CYP3A4 in the intestine may be altered via changes in PXR activity when IO or CP is administered. We tested this hypothesis by using LS180 intestinal epithelial cells. The ethanol extract of IO contained narirutin and naringin, and that of CP contained narirutin and hesperidin. Ethanol extracts of IO and CP induced P-gp, CYP3A4, and PXR expression. The increase of P-gp and CYP3A4 expression by the IO and CP ethanol extracts was inhibited by ketoconazole, an inhibitor of PXR activation. The ethanol extract of IO and CP decreased the intracellular concentration of digoxin, a P-gp substrate, and this decrease was inhibited by cyclosporine A, a P-gp inhibitor. In contrast, CP, but not IO, stimulated the metabolism of testosterone, a CYP3A4 substrate, and this was inhibited by a CYP3A4 inhibitor. These findings indicate that the ethanol extract of IO and CP increased P-gp and CYP3A4 expression via induction of PXR protein. Moreover, this induction decreased the intracellular substrate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Okada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate SchoolTokushima, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University HospitalTokushima, Japan
| | - Aki Murakami
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University Hospital Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shiori Urushizaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University Tokushima, Japan
| | - Misa Matsuda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawazoe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ishizawa
- Department of Pharmacy, Tokushima University HospitalTokushima, Japan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate SchoolTokushima, Japan
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14
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Kotiya D, Jaiswal B, Ghose S, Kaul R, Datta K, Tyagi RK. Role of PXR in Hepatic Cancer: Its Influences on Liver Detoxification Capacity and Cancer Progression. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164087. [PMID: 27760163 PMCID: PMC5070842 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of nuclear receptor PXR in detoxification and clearance of xenobiotics and endobiotics is well-established. However, its projected role in hepatic cancer is rather illusive where its expression is reported altered in different cancers depending on the tissue-type and microenvironment. The expression of PXR, its target genes and their biological or clinical significance have not been examined in hepatic cancer. In the present study, by generating DEN-induced hepatic cancer in mice, we report that the expression of PXR and its target genes CYP3A11 and GSTa2 are down-regulated implying impairment of hepatic detoxification capacity. A higher state of inflammation was observed in liver cancer tissues as evident from upregulation of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α along with NF-κB and STAT3. Our data in mouse model suggested a negative correlation between down-regulation of PXR and its target genes with that of higher expression of inflammatory proteins (like IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB). In conjunction, our findings with relevant cell culture based assays showed that higher expression of PXR is involved in reduction of tumorigenic potential in hepatic cancer. Overall, the findings suggest that inflammation influences the expression of hepatic proteins important in drug metabolism while higher PXR level reduces tumorigenic potential in hepatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kotiya
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Bharti Jaiswal
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sampa Ghose
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rachna Kaul
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Kasturi Datta
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh K. Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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15
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De Mattia E, Cecchin E, Roncato R, Toffoli G. Pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor and hepatocyte nuclear factors as emerging players in cancer precision medicine. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 17:1547-71. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2016-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Great research effort has been focused on elucidating the contribution of host genetic variability on pharmacological outcomes in cancer. Nuclear receptors have emerged as mediators between environmental stimuli and drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. The pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor and hepatocyte nuclear factors have been reported to regulate transcription of genes that encode drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Altered nuclear receptor expression has been shown to affect the metabolism and pharmacological profile of traditional chemotherapeutics and targeted agents. Accordingly, polymorphic variants in these genes have been studied as pharmacogenetic markers of outcome variability. This review summarizes the state of knowledge about the roles played by pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor and hepatocyte nuclear factor expression and genetics as predictive markers of anticancer drug toxicity and efficacy, which can improve cancer precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Mattia
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico- National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico- National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Rossana Roncato
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico- National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico- National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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16
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Berlin S, Spieckermann L, Oswald S, Keiser M, Lumpe S, Ullrich A, Grube M, Hasan M, Venner M, Siegmund W. Pharmacokinetics and Pulmonary Distribution of Clarithromycin and Rifampicin after Concomitant and Consecutive Administration in Foals. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:1089-99. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Berlin
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Oswald
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus Keiser
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Anett Ullrich
- PRIMACYT Cell Culture Technology GmbH, Schwerin, Germany
| | - Markus Grube
- Department
of General Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport (C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Hasan
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport
(C_DAT), University Medicine of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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17
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Cecchin E, De Mattia E, Toffoli G. Nuclear receptors and drug metabolism for the personalization of cancer therapy. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:291-306. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2016.1141196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Cecchin
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico- National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Elena De Mattia
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico- National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico- National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
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18
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Ma Z, Liang Q, Tang X, Hu D, Tan H, Xiao C, Gao Y. Tanshinone IIA ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammatory bowel disease via the pregnane X receptor. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:6343-62. [PMID: 26674743 PMCID: PMC4676510 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s79388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) (C19H18O3) is one of the major active lipophilic components in a conventional Chinese medicine called danshen, and it has long been used in the People’s Republic of China and other neighboring countries to treat patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previous experiments by many teams determined which mechanism of Tan IIA is relevant to the treatment of IBD associated with inflammation and the pregnane X receptor (PXR). The current study demonstrated that Tan IIA is an efficacious PXR agonist and its ability to induce CYP3A4 mRNA and protein expression was mediated by the transactivation of PXR, a known target of abrogating inflammation in IBD. Clinical symptoms in mice and histological assessment data suggested that administration of Tan IIA in mice demonstrated significant protection and showed that in DSS-induced IBD it acts in a concentration-dependent manner. PXR-silenced mice treated with Tan IIA demonstrated low protection against DSS-induced mouse IBD and exacerbated the severity of IBD compared with wild-type mice; PXR-silenced mice demonstrated the necessity for PXR in Tan IIA-mediated upregulation of xenobiotic metabolism genes. The IBD treatment effects of Tan IIA are partially due to PXR-mediated upregulation of xenobiotic metabolism and downregulation of inflammatory mediators. The novel findings reported here may contribute to the effective utilization of Tan IIA and its derivatives as a PXR ligand in the treatment of human IBD. This suggests that Tan IIA may have considerable clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxie Zhang
- Air Force General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengchun Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiande Liang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongling Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengrong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Shehu AI, Li G, Xie W, Ma X. The pregnane X receptor in tuberculosis therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 12:21-30. [PMID: 26592418 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2016.1121381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among the infectious diseases, tuberculosis (TB) remains the second most common cause of death after HIV. TB treatment requires the combination of multiple drugs including the rifamycin class. However, rifamycins are activators of human pregnane X receptor (PXR), a transcription factor that regulates drug metabolism, drug resistance, energy metabolism and immune response. Rifamycin-mediated PXR activation may affect the outcome of TB therapy. AREAS COVERED This review describes the role of PXR in modulating metabolism, efficacy, toxicity and resistance to anti-TB drugs; as well as polymorphisms of PXR that potentially affect TB susceptibility. EXPERT OPINION The wide range of PXR functions that mediate drug metabolism and toxicity in TB therapy are often underappreciated and thus understudied. Further studies are needed to determine the overall impact of PXR activation on the outcome of TB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina I Shehu
- a Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA 15261 , USA
| | - Guangming Li
- b Department of Hepatology, the 6th People's Hospital of Zhengzhou , the Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Henan Province , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Wen Xie
- a Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA 15261 , USA
| | - Xiaochao Ma
- a Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA 15261 , USA
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Koutsounas I, Giaginis C, Alexandrou P, Zizi-Serbetzoglou A, Patsouris E, Kouraklis G, Theocharis S. Pregnane X Receptor Expression in Human Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Associations With Clinicopathologic Parameters, Tumor Proliferative Capacity, Patients' Survival, and Retinoid X Receptor Expression. Pancreas 2015; 44:1134-40. [PMID: 26355550 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pregnane X receptor (PXR) has been involved in human malignancy, either by directly affecting carcinogenesis or by inducing drug-drug interactions and chemotherapy resistance. The present study aimed to assess the clinical significance of PXR in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS Pregnane X receptor and its heterodimers' PXR/retinoid X receptor α (RXR-α), RXR-β, and RXR-γ expression were assessed immunohistochemically on tumoral samples from 55 pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients and were associated with clinicopathologic parameters, tumor proliferative capacity, and patients' survival. RESULTS Enhanced PXR expression was noted in 24 (43.6%) of 55 pancreatic adenocarcinoma cases. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients presenting increased histological grade of tumor differentiation showed a significant increased incidence of elevated PXR expression (P = 0.023). Enhanced PXR/RXR-β expression was significantly associated with smaller tumor size and earlier clinical stage (P = 0.005 and P = 0.003, respectively). Elevated PXR/RXR-γ expression was significantly associated with smaller tumor size and earlier clinical stage (P = 0.012 and P = 0.014, respectively) and borderline with the absence of lymph node metastases (P = 0.056). In addition, pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients presenting enhanced PXR/RXR-γ expression showed marginally longer survival times compared with those with decreased expression (log-rank test, P = 0.053). CONCLUSIONS This study supported evidence that PXR and its copartners' overexpression may be associated with favorable clinicopathologic parameters and better outcome in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Koutsounas
- From the *First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens; †Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Myrina, Lemnos; ‡Department of Pathology, Tzaneio General Hospital, Piraeus; and §Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Fallopia japonica, a Natural Modulator, Can Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Cancer Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:868424. [PMID: 26346937 PMCID: PMC4545274 DOI: 10.1155/2015/868424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy is controlled by the decrease of intracellular drug accumulation, increase of detoxification, and diminished propensity of cancer cells to undergo apoptosis. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) membrane transporters with intracellular metabolic enzymes contribute to the complex and unresolved phenomenon of multidrug resistance (MDR). Natural products as alternative medicine have great potential to discover new MDR inhibitors with diverse modes of action. In this study, we characterized several extracts of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plants (N = 16) for their interaction with ABC transporters, cytochrome P3A4 (CYP3A4), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities and their cytotoxic effect on different cancer cell lines. Fallopia japonica (FJ) (Polygonaceae) shows potent inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 P-glycoprotein activity about 1.8-fold when compared to verapamil as positive control. FJ shows significant inhibitory effect (39.81%) compared with the known inhibitor ketoconazole and 100 μg/mL inhibited GST activity to 14 μmol/min/mL. FJ shows moderate cytotoxicity in human Caco-2, HepG-2, and HeLa cell lines; IC50 values were 630.98, 198.80, and 317.37 µg/mL, respectively. LC-ESI-MS were used to identify and quantify the most abundant compounds, emodin, polydatin, and resveratrol, in the most active extract of FJ. Here, we present the prospect of using Fallopia japonica as natural products to modulate the function of ABC drug transporters. We are conducting future study to evaluate the ability of the major active secondary metabolites of Fallopia japonica to modulate MDR and their impact in case of failure of chemotherapy.
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Reuter T, Warta R, Theile D, Meid AD, Rigalli JP, Mogler C, Herpel E, Grabe N, Lahrmann B, Plinkert PK, Herold-Mende C, Dyckhoff G, Haefeli WE, Weiss J. Role of NR1I2 (pregnane X receptor) polymorphisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2015; 388:1141-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-015-1150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Eid SY, El-Readi MZ, Fatani SH, Mohamed Nour Eldin EE, Wink M. Natural Products Modulate the Multifactorial Multidrug Resistance of Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/pp.2015.63017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yu Z, Zhang C, Wang H, Xing J, Gong H, Yu E, Zhang W, Zhang X, Cao G, Fu C. Multidrug resistance-associated protein 3 confers resistance to chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer by regulating reactive oxygen species and caspase-3-dependent apoptotic pathway. Cancer Lett 2014; 353:182-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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De Mattia E, Dreussi E, Cecchin E, Toffoli G. Pharmacogenetics of the nuclear hormone receptors: the missing link between environment and drug effects? Pharmacogenomics 2013; 14:2035-54. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.13.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, genetic variations in ABC/SLC transporters and phase I/II enzymes have raised pharmacogenetic markers as being predictive to the attention of researchers in the field of personalized medicine in oncology. However, it is becoming evident that the sequence variations in these genes cannot address by themselves the sharp interindividual variability in drug effects. Recently, nuclear receptors (NRs), including pregnane X receptor, constitutive androstane receptor, retinoid X receptor, farnesoid X receptor, liver X receptor, vitamin D receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and HNF4A, have demonstrated key roles in regulating transporter and metabolic gene expression in response to xeno/endobiotics, as well as antineoplastic drugs. These findings attracted interest to the genetics of the NRs for their possible role in influencing the metabolism and pharmacological profiles of chemotherapeutics. In this review, we aim to summarize the most recent findings in the innovative field of NR pharmacogenetics and findings in how they could integrate with more traditional markers in order to improve drug treatment personalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Mattia
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico–National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Eva Dreussi
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico–National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Erika Cecchin
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico–National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico–National Cancer Institute, Via Franco Gallini, 2, 33081, Aviano, Italy
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Staudinger JL, Woody S, Sun M, Cui W. Nuclear-receptor-mediated regulation of drug- and bile-acid-transporter proteins in gut and liver. Drug Metab Rev 2013; 45:48-59. [PMID: 23330541 DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2012.748793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adverse drug events (ADEs) are a common cause of patient morbidity and mortality and are classically thought to result, in part, from variation in expression and activity of hepatic enzymes of drug metabolism. It is now known that alterations in the expression of genes that encode drug- and bile-acid-transporter proteins in both the gut and liver play a previously unrecognized role in determining patient drug response and eventual clinical outcome. Four nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily members, including pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2), constitutive androstane receptor (NR1I3), farnesoid X receptor (NR1H4), and vitamin D receptor (NR1I1), play pivotal roles in drug- and bile-acid-activated programs of gene expression to coordinately regulate drug- and bile-acid transport activity in the intestine and liver. This review focuses on the NR-mediated gene activation of drug and bile-acid transporters in these tissues as well as the possible underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff L Staudinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.
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Qiao E, Ji M, Wu J, Ma R, Zhang X, He Y, Zha Q, Song X, Zhu LW, Tang J. Expression of the PXR gene in various types of cancer and drug resistance. Oncol Lett 2013; 5:1093-1100. [PMID: 23599746 PMCID: PMC3628904 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-regulated transcription factors. PXR is a key xenobiotic receptor that regulates the expression of genes implicated in drug metabolism, detoxification and clearance, including drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters, suggesting that it is significant in the drug resistance of cancer cells. PXR is expressed in a wide range of tissues in the human body. Studies have demonstrated that PXR is expressed in a variety of tumor types, correlating not only with drug resistance but also with the cell proliferation, apoptosis and prognosis of cancer. The purpose of the present review is to provide a comprehensive review of PXR and its potential roles in multidrug resistance and the biological characteristics of PXR-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqi Qiao
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009
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Matsuo K, Nishimura M, Bottsford-Miller JN, Huang1 J, Komurov K, Armaiz-Pena GN, Shahzad MMK, Stone RL, Roh JW, Sanguino AM, Lu C, Im DD, Rosenshien NB, Sakakibara A, Nagano T, Yamasaki M, Enomoto T, Kimura T, Ram PT, Schmeler KM, Gallick GE, Wong KK, Frumovitz M, Sood AK. Targeting SRC in mucinous ovarian carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:5367-78. [PMID: 21737505 PMCID: PMC4028171 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-3176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mucinous ovarian carcinomas have a distinct clinical pattern compared with other subtypes of ovarian carcinoma. Here, we evaluated (i) stage-specific clinical significance of mucinous ovarian carcinomas in a large cohort and (ii) the functional role of Src kinase in preclinical models of mucinous ovarian carcinoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 1,302 ovarian cancer patients including 122 (9.4%) cases of mucinous carcinoma were evaluated for survival analyses. Biological effects of Src kinase inhibition were tested using dasatinib-based therapy in a novel orthotopic mucinous ovarian cancer model (RMUG-S-ip2). RESULTS Patients with advanced-stage mucinous ovarian cancer had significantly worse survival than those with serous histology: median overall survival, 1.67 versus 3.41 years, P = 0.002; median survival time after recurrence of 0.53 versus 1.66 years, P < 0.0001. Among multiple ovarian cancer cell lines, RMUG-S-ip2 mucinous ovarian cancer cells showed the highest Src kinase activity. Moreover, oxaliplatin treatment induced phosphorylation of Src kinase. This induced activity by oxaliplatin therapy was inhibited by concurrent administration of dasatinib. Targeting Src with dasatinib in vivo showed significant antitumor effects in the RMUG-S-ip2 model but not in the serous ovarian carcinoma (SKOV3-TR) model. Combination therapy of oxaliplatin with dasatinib further showed significant effects on reducing cell viability, increasing apoptosis, and in vivo antitumor effects in the RMUG-S-ip2 model. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that poor survival of women with mucinous ovarian carcinoma is associated with resistance to cytotoxic therapy. Targeting Src kinase with a combination of dasatinib and oxaliplatin may be an attractive approach for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Matsuo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Masato Nishimura
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tokushima, Japan
| | - Justin N. Bottsford-Miller
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Kakajan Komurov
- Systems Biology, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mian M. K. Shahzad
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rebecca L. Stone
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ju Won Roh
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angela M. Sanguino
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunhua Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dwight D. Im
- The Gynecologic Oncology Center, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neil B. Rosenshien
- The Gynecologic Oncology Center, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atsuko Sakakibara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Nagano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masato Yamasaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Rosai Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Enomoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Prahlad T. Ram
- Systems Biology, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gary E. Gallick
- Cancer Biology, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kwong K. Wong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Frumovitz
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K. Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
- Cancer Biology, MD-Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for RNA Interference and non-Coding RNA, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
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Wang H, Venkatesh M, Li H, Goetz R, Mukherjee S, Biswas A, Zhu L, Kaubisch A, Wang L, Pullman J, Whitney K, Kuro-o M, Roig AI, Shay JW, Mohammadi M, Mani S. Pregnane X receptor activation induces FGF19-dependent tumor aggressiveness in humans and mice. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3220-32. [PMID: 21747170 DOI: 10.1172/jci41514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR) is activated by a range of xenochemicals, including chemotherapeutic drugs, and has been suggested to play a role in the development of tumor cell resistance to anticancer drugs. PXR also has been implicated as a regulator of the growth and apoptosis of colon tumors. Here, we have used a xenograft model of colon cancer to define a molecular mechanism that might underlie PXR-driven colon tumor growth and malignancy. Activation of PXR was found to be sufficient to enhance the neoplastic characteristics, including cell growth, invasion, and metastasis, of both human colon tumor cell lines and primary human colon cancer tissue xenografted into immunodeficient mice. Furthermore, we were able to show that this PXR-mediated phenotype required FGF19 signaling. PXR bound to the FGF19 promoter in both human colon tumor cells and "normal" intestinal crypt cells. However, while both cell types proliferated in response to PXR ligands, the FGF19 promoter was activated by PXR only in cancer cells. Taken together, these data indicate that colon cancer growth in the presence of a specific PXR ligand results from tumor-specific induction of FGF19. These observations may lead to improved therapeutic regimens for colon carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wang
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461, USA
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Irinotecan induces steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) signaling to detoxification pathway in colon cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:80. [PMID: 21733184 PMCID: PMC3144021 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Resistance to chemotherapy remains one of the principle obstacles to the treatment of colon cancer. In order to identify the molecular mechanism of this resistance, we investigated the role of the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR) in the induction of drug resistance. Indeed, this nuclear receptor plays an important role in response to xenobiotics through the upregulation of detoxification genes. Following drug treatments, SXR is activated and interacts with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) to induce expression of some genes involved in drug metabolism such as phase I enzyme (like CYP), phase II enzymes (like UGT) and transporters (e.g. MDR1). Results In this study, we have shown that endogenous SXR is activated in response to SN-38, the active metabolite of the anticancer drug irinotecan, in human colon cancer cell lines. We have found that endogenous SXR translocates into the nucleus and associates with RXR upon SN-38 treatment. Using ChIP, we have demonstrated that endogenous SXR, following its activation, binds to the native promoter of the CYP3A4 gene to induce its expression. RNA interference experiments confirmed SXR involvement in CYP3A4 overexpression and permitted us to identify CYP3A5 and MRP2 transporter as SXR target genes. As a consequence, cells overexpressing SXR were found to be less sensitive to irinotecan treatment. Conclusions Altogether, these results suggest that the SXR pathway is involved in colon cancer irinotecan resistance in colon cancer cell line via the upregulation of select detoxification genes.
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Li XB, Jiao S, Sun H, Xue J, Zhao WT, Fan L, Wu GH, Fang J. The orphan nuclear receptor EAR2 is overexpressed in colorectal cancer and it regulates survivability of colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2011; 309:137-44. [PMID: 21696885 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2011] [Revised: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
EAR2 is a member of the chick ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factors (COUP-TFs). COUP-TFs belong to orphan nuclear receptors and regulate many biological processes. Little is known regarding EAR2 in cancer, though much progress has been made in understanding the function of other COUP-TF members. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression and possible function of EAR2 in colorectal cancer. We determined expression of EAR2 in human primary colorectal malignant tumors and their paired adjacent normal colorectal tissues. We found that expression of EAR2 was upregulated in colorectal tumors. Knockdown of EAR2 induced apoptosis of colon cancer cells, suggesting that EAR2 may function to regulate survivability of colon cancer cells. In vivo tumor study demonstrated that knockdown of EAR2 inhibited the xenograft growth of colon cancer cells. We found that knockdown of EAR2 inhibited the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), suggesting that EAR2 regulates cell survivability, at least partly, through XIAP. In this manuscript, we demonstrated that expression of EAR2 was elevated in colorectal cancer and knockdown of EAR2 reduced survivability and tumor growth of colon cancer cells. Our results suggest that EAR2 plays an important role in development of colorectal cancer. The findings also suggest that EAR2 may serve as a potential therapeutic target of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Chai J, Luo D, Wu X, Wang H, He Y, Li Q, Zhang Y, Chen L, Peng ZH, Xiao T, Wang R, Chen W. Changes of organic anion transporter MRP4 and related nuclear receptors in human obstructive cholestasis. J Gastrointest Surg 2011; 15:996-1004. [PMID: 21359593 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-011-1473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 (Mrp4) levels are low, but increase markedly in rodent cholestatic liver. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are essential for regulating Mrp4 expression in cholestasis models. However, information about MRP4 and related NRs, including constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), and retinoic X receptor-α (RXRα), is relatively lacking in human obstructive cholestasis. We collected liver samples from patients with obstructive cholestasis or without liver disease and investigated the expression of MRP4 and NRs CAR, PXR, and RXRα by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot and immunostaining assays. RESULTS MRP4 mRNA/protein levels were markedly increased in obstructive cholestasis. Concentration of serum total bile acids (TBA) was significantly correlated with MRP4 protein in cholestasis samples (P < 0.01). PXR and RXRα mRNA/protein levels were significantly increased in obstructive cholestasis. CAR mRNA levels were unchanged while protein levels were markedly induced in obstructive cholestasis. There was a statistically positive correlation between MRP4 mRNA and CAR protein (P < 0.05), suggesting that CAR may activate transcription of MRP4 genes by its nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION Hepatic MRP4 levels were dramatically induced in human obstructive cholestasis, which may reduce liver injury by increasing efflux of toxic bile acids from hepatocytes into blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chai
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
Interindividual differences in drug transporter expression can result in variability in drug response. This variation in gene expression is determined, in part, by the actions of nuclear hormone receptors that act as xenobiotic- and endobiotic-sensing transcription factors. Among the ligand-activated nuclear receptors, signaling through the pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and vitamin D receptor (VDR) constitute major pathways regulating drug transporter expression in tissues. Hence, these endobiotic- and xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors are intrinsically involved in environmental influences of drug response. Moreover, because nuclear receptor genes are polymorphic, these transcription factors are also thought to contribute to heritability of variable drug action. In this chapter, the molecular aspects of drug transporter gene regulation by ligand-activated nuclear receptors will be reviewed including their clinical relevance.
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Gu X, Manautou JE. Regulation of hepatic ABCC transporters by xenobiotics and in disease states. Drug Metab Rev 2010; 42:482-538. [PMID: 20233023 DOI: 10.3109/03602531003654915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The subfamily of ABCC transporters consists of 13 members in mammals, including the multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs), sulfonylurea receptors (SURs), and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). These proteins play roles in chemical detoxification, disposition, and normal cell physiology. ABCC transporters are expressed differentially in the liver and are regulated at the transcription and translation level. Their expression and function are also controlled by post-translational modification and membrane-trafficking events. These processes are tightly regulated. Information about alterations in the expression of hepatobiliary ABCC transporters could provide important insights into the pathogenesis of diseases and disposition of xenobiotics. In this review, we describe the regulation of hepatic ABCC transporters in humans and rodents by a variety of xenobiotics, under disease states and in genetically modified animal models deficient in transcription factors, transporters, and cell-signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Gu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, 06269, USA
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De Boo S, Kopecka J, Brusa D, Gazzano E, Matera L, Ghigo D, Bosia A, Riganti C. iNOS activity is necessary for the cytotoxic and immunogenic effects of doxorubicin in human colon cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2009; 8:108. [PMID: 19925669 PMCID: PMC2785770 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-8-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin is one of the few chemotherapeutic drugs able to exert both cytotoxic and pro-immunogenic effects against cancer cells. Following the drug administration, the intracellular protein calreticulin is translocated with an unknown mechanism onto the plasma membrane, where it triggers the phagocytosis of tumour cells by dendritic cells. Moreover doxorubicin up-regulates the inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) gene in cancer cells, leading to huge amounts of NO, which in turn acts as a mediator of the drug toxicity and as a chemosensitizer agent in colon cancer. Indeed by nitrating tyrosine on the multidrug resistance related protein 3, NO decreases the doxorubicin efflux from tumour cells and enhances the drug toxicity. It is not clear if NO, beside playing a role in chemosensitivity, may also play a role in doxorubicin pro-immunogenic effects. To clarify this issue, we compared the doxorubicin-sensitive human colon cancer HT29 cells with the drug-resistant HT29-dx cells and the HT29 cells silenced for iNOS (HT29 iNOS-). RESULTS In both HT29-dx and HT29 iNOS- cells, doxorubicin did not induce NO synthesis, had a lower intracellular accumulation and a lower toxicity. Moreover the drug failed to promote the translocation of calreticulin and the phagocytosis of HT29-dx and HT29 iNOS-cells, which resulted both chemoresistant and immunoresistant. However, if NO levels were exogenously increased by sodium nitroprusside, the chemosensitivity to doxorubicin was restored in HT29 iNOS-cells. In parallel the NO donor per se was sufficient to induce the exposure of calreticulin and to increase the phagocytosis of HT29 iNOS- cells by DCs and their functional maturation, thus mimicking the pro-immunogenic effects exerted by doxorubicin in the parental drug-sensitive HT29 cells. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that chemo- and immuno-resistance to anthracyclines are associated in colon cancer cells and rely on a common mechanism, that is the inability of doxorubicin to induce iNOS. Therefore NO donors might represent a promising strategy to restore both chemosensitivity and immunosensitivity to doxorubicin in resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Boo
- Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Turin, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Turin, Italy.
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