The Influence of Inpatient Physician Continuity on Hospital Discharge

Association of antibiotic allergy labels with hospital length of stay

BACKGROUND

Many antibiotic allergy labels (AAL) are invalid. Excluding true allergy in people with AAL ("delabeling") could improve health outcomes and decrease costs. Several studies with limited covariate adjustment have associated AAL with a prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS).

OBJECTIVE

This study determined whether AAL's association with LOS persisted after extensive adjustment for potential confounders and covariates.

METHODS

All nonpsychiatric admissions to a tertiary care teaching hospital from 2012 to 2015 were included. Generalized estimating equation methods were used to model the daily discharge likelihood as a function of AAL and other important factors (death risk score, daily discharge score, daily severity of illness score, antibiotic use, hospital day and location, weekend-holiday status, and service).

RESULTS

A total of 111,611 admissions (76,460 patients) were studied, in which 16,489 (14.8%) had recorded AAL. Patients with an AAL had a notably greater disease burden: they were older and had more comorbidities, greater health system utilization, and higher death risk. In the univariate analysis, AAL was associated with a significantly decreased daily discharge likelihood (odds ratio [OR], 0.93; [95% confidence interval, 0.90-0.95]). After adjustment for potential confounders and covariates, AAL was not associated with daily discharge likelihood (adjusted OR [aOR] without antibiotics: 1.00 [0.98-1.03]; aOR with antibiotics: 1.02 [0.99-1.04]). Similar results were also seen with penicillin AAL (aOR without antibiotics: 0.99 [0.95-1.02]; aOR with antibiotics: 1.00 [0.96-1.03]).

CONCLUSION

Antibiotic allergy label was strongly associated with a greater disease burden. After adjusting for important covariates, our analysis found no significant association between AAL and hospital LOS.

Comparisons of Clinical Outcomes between Weekday-Only and Full-Time, 24-Hour/7-Day Coverage Hospitalist Systems

BACKGROUND

Since the launch of pilot programs in 2016, varying ranges of hospitalist coverage exist in Korea. We evaluated the effects of differing depths of hospitalist coverage on clinical outcomes.

METHODS

This study retrospectively reviewed the records of 513 patients admitted to a medical hospitalist unit through emergency department at Seoul National University Hospital. The full-time group included patients admitted in 2018 who received 24/7 hospitalist service, whereas the weekday group included patients admitted in 2019 with only weekday hospitalist service. In-hospital clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS

Unplanned intensive care unit admission rate was lower in the full-time group than in the weekday group (0.4% vs. 2.9%; P = 0.042). Discharges to local hospitals for subacute or chronic care were more frequent in the full-time group than in the weekday group (12.6% vs. 5.8%; P = 0.007). The weekday coverage was a predictive factor of in-ward mortality (odds ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-3.99) after adjusting for potential confounding factors.

CONCLUSION

Uninterrupted weekend coverage hospitalist service is helpful for care-plan decision and timely care transitions for acutely and severely ill patients.