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Biglari N, Mehdizadeh A, Vafaei Mastanabad M, Gharaeikhezri MH, Gol Mohammad Pour Afrakoti L, Pourbala H, Yousefi M, Soltani-Zangbar MS. Application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in neurodegenerative disorders: History, findings, and prospective challenges. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 247:154541. [PMID: 37245265 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the application of mesenchymal stem cells has captured the attention of researchers and practitioners worldwide. These cells can be obtained from practically every tissue in the body and are used to treat a broad variety of conditions, most notably neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Studies are still being conducted, and the results of these studies have led to the identification of several different molecular pathways involved in the neuroglial speciation process. These molecular systems are closely regulated and interconnected due to the coordinated efforts of many components that make up the machinery responsible for cell signaling. Within the scope of this study, we compared and contrasted the numerous mesenchymal cell sources and their cellular features. These many sources of mesenchymal cells included adipocyte cells, fetal umbilical cord tissue, and bone marrow. In addition, we investigated whether these cells can potentially treat and modify neurodegenerative illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Biglari
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Vafaei Mastanabad
- Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | | | - Hooman Pourbala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Zhao X, Zhu S, Li J, Long D, Wan M, Tang W. Epigenetic changes in inflammatory genes and the protective effect of cooked rhubarb on pancreatic tissue of rats with chronic alcohol exposure. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112587. [PMID: 35062061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcohol consumption, which is observed worldwide, can damage pancreatic tissue and promote pancreatitis. Rhubarb is a widely used traditional Chinese herbal medicine for treating pancreatitis in China. However, few pharmacological studies have investigated its epigenetic regulation. In this study, we investigated whether chronic exposure to alcohol can alter inflammatory gene expression and the epigenetic regulation effect of cooked rhubarb in the pancreatic tissue of rats. First, changes in inflammatory cytokine DNA methylation (IL-10, IL-1α, TNF-α, NF-κB and TGF-β) were detected in pancreatic tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats with varying alcohol exposure times (4, 6, 8, or 12 weeks), and then with varying doses of cooked rhubarb treatment (3, 6, or 12 g/day). DNA methylation levels, related RNA concentrations and protein expression of specific inflammatory cytokines, and histopathological score were analysed in pancreatic tissue of Sprague-Dawley rats. The results showed that chronic alcohol exposure (8 weeks) reduced the level of IL-1α DNA methylation and increased its protein expression in acinar cells (P < 0.05). In the acinar cells, the level of IL-10 DNA methylation increased, resulting in a reduction of protein expression (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, chronic alcohol exposure increased the pathological damage to the pancreas (P < 0.05). Finally, cooked rhubarb treatment (3 g/kg/day) effectively alleviated these changes in pancreatic tissue from chronic alcohol exposure (P < 0.05). These results indicate that chronic exposure to alcohol leads to changes in DNA methylation and protein expression of inflammatory genes, and cooked rhubarb may have a protective effect on the pancreatic tissue of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlin Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shifeng Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Tongde Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dan Long
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenfu Tang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Luo Y, Qiu W, Wu B, Fang F. An Overview of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-based Therapy Mediated by Noncoding RNAs in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:457-473. [PMID: 34347272 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a promising tool for neurorestorative therapy of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), which are mainly characterized by the progressive and irreversible loss of neuronal structure and function in the central or peripheral nervous system. Recently, studies have reported that genetic manipulation mediated by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can increase survival and neural regeneration of transplanted MSCs, offering a new strategy for clinical translation. In this review, we summarize the potential role and regulatory mechanism of two major types of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), during the neurogenesis of MSCs with gene expression profile analyses. We also overview the realization of MSC-based therapy mediated by ncRNAs in the treatment of spinal cord injury, stroke, Alzheimer's disease and peripheral nerve injury. It is expected that ncRNAs will become promising therapeutic targets for NDD on stem cells, while the underlying mechanisms require further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, 143 Dongzong Road, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, 518118, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Yan Z, Shi X, Wang H, Si C, Liu Q, Du Y. Neurotrophin-3 Promotes the Neuronal Differentiation of BMSCs and Improves Cognitive Function in a Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:629356. [PMID: 33642999 PMCID: PMC7902862 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.629356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has the potential to be developed into an effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the therapeutic effects of BMSCs are limited by their low neural differentiation rate. We transfected BMSCs with neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), a neurotrophic factor that promotes neuronal differentiation, and investigated the effects of NT-3 gene overexpression on the differentiation of BMSCs into neurons in vitro and in vivo. We further studied the possible molecular mechanisms. We found that overexpression of NT-3 promoted the differentiation of BMSCs into neurons in vitro and in vivo and improved cognitive function in rats with experimental AD. By contrast, silencing NT-3 inhibited the differentiation of BMSCs and decreased cognitive function in rats with AD. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was involved in the mechanism by which NT-3 gene modification influenced the neuronal differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and in vivo. Our findings support the prospect of using NT-3-transduced BMSCs for the development of novel therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrui Yan
- Departments of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Neurology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Xianjing Shi
- Department of Neurology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Cuiping Si
- Department of Neurology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Departments of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Departments of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Bashir NZ. The role of insulin-like growth factors in modulating the activity of dental mesenchymal stem cells. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 122:104993. [PMID: 33259987 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative treatment protocols are an exciting prospect in the management of oral pathology, as they allow for tissues to be restored to their original form and function, as compared to the reparative healing mechanisms which currently govern the outcomes of the majority of dental treatment. Stem cell therapy presents with a great deal of untapped potential in this pursuit of tissue regeneration, and, in particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from dental tissues are of specific relevance with regards to their applications in engineering craniofacial tissues. A number of mediatory factors are involved in modulating the actions of dental MSCs, and, of these, insulin like growth factors (IGFs) are known to have potent effects in governing the behavior of these cells. The IGF family comprises a number of primary ligands, receptors, and binding proteins which are known to modulate the key properties of dental MSCs, such as their proliferation rates, differentiation potential, and mineralisation. The aims of this review are three-fold: (i) to present an overview of dental MSCs and the role of growth factors in modulating their characteristics, (ii) to discuss in greater detail the specific role of IGFs and the benefits they may convey for tissue engineering, and (iii) to provide a summary of potential for in vivo clinical translation of the current in vitro body of evidence.
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Deng J, Zhong L, Zhou Z, Gu C, Huang X, Shen L, Cao S, Ren Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Yu S. Autophagy: a promising therapeutic target for improving mesenchymal stem cell biological functions. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:1135-1149. [PMID: 33196943 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03978-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be a promising therapeutic material due to their capacities for self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immunomodulation and have attracted great attention in regenerative medicine. However, MSCs may lose their biological functions because of donor age or disease and environmental pressure before and after transplantation, which hinders the application of MSC-based therapy. As a major intracellular lysosome-dependent degradative process, autophagy plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and withstanding environmental pressure and may become a potential therapeutic target for improving MSC functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that the regulation of autophagy is a promising approach for improving the biological properties of MSCs. More in-depth investigations about the role of autophagy in MSC biology are required to contribute to the clinical application of MSCs. In this review, we focus on the role of autophagy regulation by various physical and chemical factors on the biological functions of MSCs in vitro and in vivo, and provide some strategies for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Zhong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Laboratory Animal Centre, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Huang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuhong Shen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suizhong Cao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shumin Yu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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Hernández R, Jiménez-Luna C, Perales-Adán J, Perazzoli G, Melguizo C, Prados J. Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells towards Neuronal Lineage: Clinical Trials in Nervous System Disorders. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2020; 28:34-44. [PMID: 31649208 PMCID: PMC6939692 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as an alternative therapy to be applied into several pathologies of the nervous system. These cells can be obtained from adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood and bone marrow, among other tissues, and have remarkable therapeutic properties. MSCs can be isolated with high yield, which adds to their ability to differentiate into non-mesodermal cell types including neuronal lineage both in vivo and in vitro. They are able to restore damaged neural tissue, thus being suitable for the treatment of neural injuries, and possess immunosuppressive activity, which may be useful for the treatment of neurological disorders of inflammatory etiology. Although the long-term safety of MSC-based therapies remains unclear, a large amount of both pre-clinical and clinical trials have shown functional improvements in animal models of nervous system diseases following transplantation of MSCs. In fact, there are several ongoing clinical trials evaluating the possible benefits this cell-based therapy could provide to patients with neurological damage, as well as their clinical limitations. In this review we focus on the potential of MSCs as a therapeutic tool to treat neurological disorders, summarizing the state of the art of this topic and the most recent clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Hernández
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada 18012, Spain
| | - Cristina Jiménez-Luna
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Epalinges 1066, Switzerland
| | - Jesús Perales-Adán
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada 18012, Spain
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada 18012, Spain
| | - José Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada 18012, Spain
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8
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Suppression of miR-10a-5p in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enhances the therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury via BDNF. Neurosci Lett 2019; 714:134562. [PMID: 31626878 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS/AIMS Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a primary role in the maturation, proliferation, and differentiation of neuronal cells, can induce bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into nerve cells. This study aims to explore whether regulation of BDNF through microRNAs (miRNAs) in MSCs may further enhance the therapeutic effect on spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS Bioinformatics analyses were done to predict miRNAs that target BDNF in MSCs. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were performed to verify the target relationship between microRNA and BDNF. We examined the mRNA and protein levels of BDNF in MSCs by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. CCK 8 assay was chosen to assess cell viability. MSCs were transduced with miR-10a-5p-ASO, which were transplanted into rats that underwent SCI. The tissue integrity percentage, cavity volume, and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale were assessed. Neurofilament (NF) was detected using immunohistochemistry. Histological features of spinal cord tissues examined following HE staining. RESULTS MiR-10a-5p inhibited protein translation of BDNF, through binding to the 3'-UTR of the BDNF. MSCs transduced with MiR-10a-5p-ASO further increased the tissue integrity percentage, decreased cavity volume, and enhanced the recovery of BBB score in SCI model rats, compared to control MSCs. CONCLUSION Upregulation of BDNF by miR-10a-5p suppression in MSCs further improve the therapeutic potential of MSCs in treating SCI in rats.
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9
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Deng L, Gao X, Fan G, Yang C. Effects of GDNF-Transfected Marrow Stromal Cells on Rats with Intracerebral Hemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2019; 28:2555-2562. [PMID: 31248739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Mesenchymal stem cells/glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (MSCs/GDNF) transplantation on nerve reconstruction in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage. METHODS GDNF transduction to MSCs was using adenovirus vector pAdEasy-1-pAdTrack-CMV prepared. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was induced by injection of collagenase and heparin into the caudate putamen. At the third day after a collagenase-induced ICH, adult male SD rats were randomly divided into saline group, MSCs group and MSCs/GDNF group. Immunofluorescence and RT-PCR were performed to detect the differentiation of MSCs or MSCs with an adenovirus vector encoding GDNF gene in vivo and in vitro. RESULT After 6 hours of induction, both MSCs and MSCs/GDNF expressed neuro or glial specific markers and synaptic-associated proteins (SYN, GAP-43, PSD-95); additionally, they secreted bioactive compounds (BDNF, NGF-β). MSCs/GDNF transplantation, compared to MSCs and saline solution injection, significantly improved neurological functions after ICH. The grafted MSCs or MSCs/GDNF survived in the striatum after 2 weeks of transplantation and expressed the neural cell-specific biomarkers NSE, MAP2, and GFAP. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that MSCs/GDNF transplantation contributes to improved neurological function in experimental ICH rats. The mechanisms are possibly due to neuronal replacement and enhanced neurotrophic factor secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangbi Fan
- Department of Neurobiology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaoxian Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Salkın H, Gönen ZB, Ergen E, Bahar D, Çetin M. Effects of TGF- β1 Overexpression on Biological Characteristics of Human Dental Pulp-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2019; 12:170-182. [PMID: 30595006 PMCID: PMC6457704 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc18051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) gene therapy on the surface markers, multilineage differentiation, viability, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage and senescence of human Dental Pulp-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (hDPSC). METHODS hDPSCs were isolated from human teeth, and were cultured with 20% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) in minimum essential media-alpha (α-MEM). TGF-β1 gene transfer into hDPSCs was performed by electroporation method after the plasmid was prepared. The transfection efficiency was achieved by using western blot and flow cytometry analyses and GFP transfection. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers, multilineage differentiation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage and cellular senescence assays were performed by comparing the transfected and non-transfected cells. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism. RESULTS Strong expression of TGF-β1 in pCMV-TGF-β1-transfected hDPSCs was detected in flow cytometry analysis. TGF-β1 transfection efficiency was measured as 95%. Western blot analysis showed that TGF-β1 protein levels increased at third and sixth days in pCMV-TGF-β1-transfected hDPSCs. The continuous TGF-β1 overexpression in hDPSCs did not influence the immunophenotype and surface marker expression of MSCs. Our results showed that TGF-β1 increased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, but decreased adipogenic differentiation. Overexpression of TGF-β1 increased the proliferation rate and decreased total apoptosis in hDPSCs (p<0.05). The number of cells at S phase was higher with TGF-β1 transfection (p<0.05). Cellular senescence decreased in TGF-β1 transfected group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results reflect that TGF-β1 has major impact on MSC differentiation. TGF-β1 transfection has positive effect on proliferation, cell cycle, and prevents cellular senescence and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Salkın
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School, Beykent University, Büyükçekmece/Istanbul,
Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Zeynep Burçin Gönen
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Ergül Ergen
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Dilek Bahar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çetin
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Erciyes University, Kayseri,
Turkey
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11
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Macrin D, Joseph JP, Pillai AA, Devi A. Eminent Sources of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Therapeutic Imminence. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 13:741-756. [PMID: 28812219 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9759-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the recent times, stem cell biology has garnered the attention of the scientific fraternity and the general public alike due to the immense therapeutic potential that it holds in the field of regenerative medicine. A breakthrough in this direction came with the isolation of stem cells from human embryo and their differentiation into cell types of all three germ layers. However, the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from adult tissues proved to be advantageous over embryonic stem cells due to the ethical and immunological naivety. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) isolated from the bone marrow were found to differentiate into multiple cell lineages with the help of appropriate differentiation factors. Furthermore, other sources of stem cells including adipose tissue, dental pulp, and breast milk have been identified. Newer sources of stem cells have been emerging recently and their clinical applications are also being studied. In this review, we examine the eminent sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs), their immunophenotypes, and therapeutic imminence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dannie Macrin
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joel P Joseph
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Arikketh Devi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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12
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Qin Y, Zhuo L, Cai J, He X, Liu B, Feng C, Zhang L. In vivo monitoring of magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells homing to rabbit hepatic VX2 tumors using magnetic resonance imaging. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:452-458. [PMID: 29115453 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to possess a tumor‑homing feature, their tropism to liver tumors has not been delineated in a visible manner. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the tumor‑homing capacity of MSCs and to investigate the spatial and temporal distributions of MSCs in liver tumors using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MSCs were colabeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles and 4',6‑diamidino‑2‑phenylindole (DAPI), and then transplanted into rabbits with VX2 liver tumors through intravenous injections. The rabbits were subjected to MRI before and at 3, 7 and 14 days after cell transplantation using a clinical 1.5‑T MRI system. Immediately after the MRI examination, histological analyses were performed using fluorescence and Prussian blue staining. At 3 days after injection with labeled MSCs, heterogeneous hypointensity was detected on the MRI images of the tumor. At 7 days after transplantation, the tumor exhibited anisointense MRI signal, whereas a hypointense ring was detected at the border of the tumor. At 14 days after transplantation, the MRI signal recovered the hyperintensity. As demonstrated in the histological analyses, the distribution of the iron particles visualized with Prussian blue staining was consistent with the DAPI‑stained bright fluorescent nuclei, and the particles corresponded to the hypointense region on the MR images. Thus, systemically administered MSCs could localize to liver tumors with high specificity and possessed a migration feature with active tumor growth. These results demonstrated that the targeting and distribution of the magnetically labeled stem cells in the tumor could be tracked for 7 days in vivo using a clinical 1.5‑T MRI scanner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qin
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Lisha Zhuo
- Outpatient Department, 77100 Troops, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Chongqing 400020, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Cai
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoya He
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Feng
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xinan Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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13
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Parandakh A, Tafazzoli-Shadpour M, Khani MM. Stepwise morphological changes and cytoskeletal reorganization of human mesenchymal stem cells treated by short-time cyclic uniaxial stretch. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2017; 53:547-553. [PMID: 28205142 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-017-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate stepwise remodeling of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in response to cyclic stretch through rearrangement and alignment of cells and cytoskeleton regulation toward smooth muscle cell (SMC) fate in different time spans. Image analysis techniques were utilized to calculate morphological parameters. Cytoskeletal reorganization was observed by investigating F-actin filaments using immunofluorescence staining, and expression level of contractile SMC markers was followed by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Applying cyclic uniaxial stretch on cultured hMSCs, utilizing a costume-made device, led to alteration in fractal dimension (FD) and cytoskeleton structure toward continuous alignment and elongation of cells by elevation of strain duration. Actin filaments became more aligned perpendicular to the axis of mechanical stretch by increasing uniaxial loading duration. At first, FD met a significant decrease in 4 h loading duration then increased significantly by further loading up to 16 h, followed by another decrease up to 1 d of uniaxial stretching. HMSCs subjected to 24 h cyclic uniaxial stretching significantly expressed early and intermediate contractile SM markers. It was hypothesized that the increase in FD after 4 h while cells continuously became more aligned and elongated was due to initiation of change in phenotype that influenced arrangement of cells. At this point, change in cell phenotype started leading to change in morphology while mechanical loading still caused cell alignment and rearrangement. Results can be helpful when optimized engineered cells are needed based on mechanical condition for functional engineered tissue and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azim Parandakh
- Cardiovascular Engineering Lab, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tafazzoli-Shadpour
- Cardiovascular Engineering Lab, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad-Mehdi Khani
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Advanced technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Zhang J, Lian M, Cao P, Bao G, Xu G, Sun Y, Wang L, Chen J, Wang Y, Feng G, Cui Z. Effects of Nerve Growth Factor and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Promote Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells to Neural Differentiation. Neurochem Res 2016; 42:1015-1025. [PMID: 28005222 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were the most widely used seed cells in the field of neural regeneration and bone tissue engineering, due to their easily isolation, lack of ethical controversy, low immunogenicity and low rates of transplantation rejection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) on neural differentiation of DPSCs in vitro. DPSCs were cultured in neural differentiation medium containing NGF and bFGF alone or combination for 7 days. Then neural genes and protein markers were analyzed using western blot and RT-PCR. Our study revealed that bFGF and NGF increased neural differentiation of DPSCs synergistically, compared with bFGF and NGF alone. The levels of Nestin, MAP-2, βIII-tubulin and GFAP were the most highest in the DPSCs + bFGF + NGF group. Our results suggested that bFGF and NGF signifiantly up-regulated the levels of Sirt1. After treatment with Sirt1 inhibitor, western blot, RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that neural genes and protein markers had markedly decreased. Additionally, the ERK and AKT signaling pathway played a key role in the neural differentiation of DPSCs stimulated with bFGF + NGF. These results suggested that manipulation of the ERK and AKT signaling pathway may be associated with the differentiation of bFGF and NGF treated DPSCs. Our date provided theoretical basis for DPSCs to treat neurological diseases and repair neuronal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Lian
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofeng Bao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhua Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Wang Yi Dental Clinic of Mudu Town, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guijuan Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiming Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Effects of voluntary exercise on the viability, proliferation and BDNF levels of bone marrow stromal cells in rat pups born from morphine- dependent mothers during pregnancy. Neurosci Lett 2016; 634:132-137. [PMID: 27746311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate whether free access to a running wheel during pregnancy in morphine-dependent mothers would influence the viability, proliferation and BDNF levels of bone marrow stromal cells in rat pups. Pregnant rats were made dependent by chronic administration of morphine in drinking water simultaneously with free access to a running wheel. Male pups are weaned at 21days of birth and their bones marrows were aspirated from the femurs and tibias and also the bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured. MTT assay was used to determine cell viability and proliferation rate. The level of BDNF was measured in the supernant of BMSCs culture by ELISA. The sedentary morphine-dependent mothers' pups showed a significant increase in the percentage cell viability and proliferation rate and also a significant decrease in the BDNF protein levels in BMSCs. The rat pups borne from exercising the control and morphine-dependent mothers exhibited an increase in the percentage viability, proliferation rate and BDNF levels of the BMSCs. This study showed that maternal exercise during pregnancy in morphine-dependent and non-dependent mothers, with increasing of BDNF levels increased the proliferation and viability of BMSCs in the rat pups. Also, chronic administration of morphine during pregnancy was able to increase the proliferation and viability of BMSCs in the rat pups.
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16
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Comparison of the Biological Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Skin. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:3658798. [PMID: 27239202 PMCID: PMC4863123 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3658798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit high proliferation and self-renewal capabilities and are critical for tissue repair and regeneration during ontogenesis. They also play a role in immunomodulation. MSCs can be isolated from a variety of tissues and have many potential applications in the clinical setting. However, MSCs of different origins may possess different biological characteristics. In this study, we performed a comprehensive comparison of MSCs isolated from bone marrow and skin (BMMSCs and SMSCs, resp.), including analysis of the skin sampling area, separation method, culture conditions, primary and passage culture times, cell surface markers, multipotency, cytokine secretion, gene expression, and fibroblast-like features. The results showed that the MSCs from both sources had similar cell morphologies, surface markers, and differentiation capacities. However, the two cell types exhibited major differences in growth characteristics; the primary culture time of BMMSCs was significantly shorter than that of SMSCs, whereas the growth rate of BMMSCs was lower than that of SMSCs after passaging. Moreover, differences in gene expression and cytokine secretion profiles were observed. For example, secretion of proliferative cytokines was significantly higher for SMSCs than for BMMSCs. Our findings provide insights into the different biological functions of both cell types.
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17
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Wang X, Chen T, Zhang Y, Li B, Xu Q, Song C. Isolation and Culture of Pig Spermatogonial Stem Cells and Their in Vitro Differentiation into Neuron-Like Cells and Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:26333-46. [PMID: 26556335 PMCID: PMC4661817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161125958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) renew themselves throughout the life of an organism and also differentiate into sperm in the adult. They are multipopent and therefore, can be induced to differentiate into many cells types in vitro. SSCs from pigs, considered an ideal animal model, are used in studies of male infertility, regenerative medicine, and preparation of transgenic animals. Here, we report on a culture system for porcine SSCs and the differentiation of these cells into neuron-like cells and adipocytes. SSCs and Sertoli cells were isolated from neonatal piglet testis by differential adhesion and SSCs were cultured on a feeder layer of Sertoli cells. Third-generation SSCs were induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells by addition of retinoic acid, β-mercaptoethanol, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) to the induction media and into adipocytes by the addition of hexadecadrol, insulin, and IBMX to the induction media. The differentiated cells were characterized by biochemical staining, qRT-PCR, and immunocytochemistry. The cells were positive for SSC markers, including alkaline phosphatase and SSC-specific genes, consistent with the cells being undifferentiated. The isolated SSCs survived on the Sertoli cells for 15 generations. Karyotyping confirmed that the chromosomal number of the SSCs were normal for pig (2n = 38, n = 19). Pig SSCs were successfully induced into neuron-like cells eight days after induction and into adipocytes 22 days after induction as determined by biochemical and immunocytochemical staining. qPCR results also support this conclusion. The nervous tissue markers genes, Nestin and β-tubulin, were expressed in the neuron-like cells and the adipocyte marker genes, PPARγ and C/EBPα, were expressed in the adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Tingfeng Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Yani Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Chengyi Song
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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18
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Jeon BG, Jang SJ, Park JS, Subbarao RB, Jeong GJ, Park BW, Rho GJ. Differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from human dental tissues into non-mesodermal lineage. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2015.1087430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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