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Hussein N, Meade J, Pandit H, Jones E, El-Gendy R. Characterisation and Expression of Osteogenic and Periodontal Markers of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) from Diabetic Knee Joints. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2851. [PMID: 38474098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a significant health problem globally and is linked to a number of complications such as cardiovascular disease, bone fragility and periodontitis. Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are a promising therapeutic approach for bone and periodontal regeneration; however, the effect of T2DM on the expression of osteogenic and periodontal markers in BM-MSCs is not fully established. Furthermore, the effect of the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes and osteoarthritis on BM-MSCs is also yet to be investigated. In the present study, BM-MSCs were isolated from osteoarthritic knee joints of diabetic and nondiabetic donors. Both cell groups were compared for their clonogenicity, proliferation rates, MSC enumeration and expression of surface markers. Formation of calcified deposits and expression of osteogenic and periodontal markers were assessed after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of basal and osteogenic culture. Diabetic and nondiabetic BM-MSCs showed similar clonogenic and growth potentials along with comparable numbers of MSCs. However, diabetic BM-MSCs displayed lower expression of periostin (POSTN) and cementum protein 1 (CEMP-1) at Wk3 osteogenic and Wk1 basal cultures, respectively. BM-MSCs from T2DM patients might be suitable candidates for stem cell-based therapeutics. However, further investigations into these cells' behaviours in vitro and in vivo under inflammatory environments and hyperglycaemic conditions are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Hussein
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Josephine Meade
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Elena Jones
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Reem El-Gendy
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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Hakki SS, Bozkurt SB, Sculean A, Božić D. Hyaluronic acid enhances cell migration, viability, and mineralized tissue-specific genes in cementoblasts. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:63-73. [PMID: 38069670 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES It has been repeatedly demonstrated that cementum formation is a crucial step in periodontal regeneration. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is an important component of the extracellular matrix which regulates cells functions and cell-cell communication. Hyaluronic acid/derivatives have been used in regenerative periodontal therapy, but the cellular effects of HA are still unknown. To investigate the effects of HA on cementoblast functions, cell viability, migration, mineralization, differentiation, and mineralized tissue-associated genes and cementoblast-specific markers of the cementoblasts were tested. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cementoblasts (OCCM-30) were treated with various dilutions (0, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16, 1:32, 1:64, 1:128) of HA and examined for cell viability, migration, mineralization, and gene expressions. The mRNA expressions of osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), bone sialoprotein (BSP), collagen type I (COL-I), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cementum protein-1 (CEMP-1), cementum attachment protein (CAP), and small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) -1, 2, 3, 6, 7, β-catenin (Ctnnb1) were performed with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Total RNA was isolated on days 3 and 8, and cell viability was determined using MTT assay on days 1 and 3. The cell mineralization was evaluated by von Kossa staining on day 8. Cell migration was assessed 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours following exposure to HA dilutions using an in vitro wound healing assay (0, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8). RESULTS At dilution of 1:2 to 1:128, HA importantly increased cell viability (p < .01). HA at a dilution of 1/2 increased wound healing rates after 4 h compared to the other dilutions and the untreated control group. Increased numbers of mineralized nodules were determined at dilutions of 1:2, 1:4, and 1:8 compared with control group. mRNA expressions of mineralized tissue marker including COL-I, BSP, RunX2, ALP, and OCN significantly improved by HA treatments compared with control group both on 3 days and on 8 days (p < .01). Smad 2, Smad 3, Smad 7, and β-catenin (Ctnnb1) mRNAs were up-regulated, while Smad1 and Smad 6 were not affected by HA administration. Additionally, HA at dilutions of 1:2, 1:4, and 1:8 remarkably enhanced CEMP-1 and CAP expressions in a dilution- and time-dependent manner (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS The present results have demonstrated that HA affected the expression of both mineralized tissue markers and cementoblast-specific genes. Positive effects of HA on the cementoblast functions demonstrated that HA application may play a key role in cementum regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema S Hakki
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Serife Buket Bozkurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Darko Božić
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University Clinical hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ebadi M, Miresmaeili A, Shojaei S, Farhadi S, Rajabi S. Isolation and characterization of apical papilla cells from root end of human third molar and their differentiation into cementoblast cells: an in vitro study. Biol Proced Online 2023; 25:2. [PMID: 36690939 PMCID: PMC9869574 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00190-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal regeneration, treatment of periodontal-related diseases and improving the function of implants are global therapeutic challenges. The differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla into cementoblasts may provide a strategy for periodontitis treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the differentiation of primary human stem cells apical papilla (hSCAPs) to cementoblast cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS SCAPs cells were isolated from human third molar and then incubated for 21 days in a differentiation microenvironment. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin red S staining assays were performed to evaluate the calcium deposition and formation of hydroxyapatite in the cultured hSCAPs microenvironment. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was performed for cementum protein 1 (CEMP1), collagen type I (COL1), F-Spondin (SPON1), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) as specific markers of cementoblasts and their progenitors. RESULTS ALP phosphatase activity in day 21 of treatment demonstrated a significant increase in ALP compared to the control. Alizarin red S staining assay showed that the differentiated hSCAPs offered a great amount of calcium deposition nodules compared to the control. The increased expression level of CEMP1, OCN, OPN, COL1 and Spon1 was observed in days 7, 14 and 21 compared to the control, while greatest expression level was observed in day 21. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the differentiation microenviroment is convenient and useful for promoting the differentiation of hSCAPs into cementoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Ebadi
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirfarhang Miresmaeili
- grid.411950.80000 0004 0611 9280Orthodontic Department of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Hamadan Dental Research Centre, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Shojaei
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Biomedical Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Stem Cells Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Farhadi
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Rajabi
- grid.419336.a0000 0004 0612 4397Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Li T, Wang H, Jiang Y, Guan Y, Chen S, Wu Z, Zou S, Bonewald LF, Duan P. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling has positive effects on osteogenesis, but can have negative effects on cementogenesis. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1725-1737. [PMID: 35642884 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, therapeutic approaches for cementum regeneration are limited and outcomes remain unpredictable. A significant barrier to improve therapies for cementum regeneration is that the cementocyte and its intracellular signal transduction mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of Wnt pathway in cementogenesis. METHODS The effects of canonical Wnt signaling were compared in vitro using immortalized murine cementocyte cell line IDG-CM6 and osteocyte cell line IDG-SW3 by qRT-PCR, Western blot, confocal microscopy, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and Alizarin red S staining. In vivo, histological changes of cementum and bone formation were examined in transgenic mice in which constitutive activation of β-catenin is driven by Dmp1 promoter. RESULTS Expression of components of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway were much greater in the IDG-SW3 cells compared to the IDG-CM6 cells resulting in much lower expression of Sost/sclerostin in the IDG-SW3 cells. In the IDG-CM6 cells, low dose Wnt3a (20 ng/ml) had a modest effect while high dose (200 ng/ml) inhibited runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx), ALP and osteopontin (OPN) in contrast to the IDG-SW3 cells where high dose Wnt3a dramatically increased mRNA expression of these same markers. However, high Wnt3a significantly increased mRNA for components of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in both IDG-CM6 and IDG-SW3 cells. In vivo, constitutive activation of β-catenin in the Dmp1-lineage cells in mice leads to bone hyperplasia and cementum hypoplasia. CONCLUSION(S) These findings indicate that Wnt signaling has distinct and different effects on the regulation of long bone as compared to cementum. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yukun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuzhe Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lynda Faye Bonewald
- Departments of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology and Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peipei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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The effect of BMP4, FGF8 and WNT3a on mouse iPS cells differentiating to odontoblast-like cells. Med Mol Morphol 2022; 55:199-209. [PMID: 35578118 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-022-00318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether BMP4, FGF8, and/or WNT3a on neural crest-like cells (NCLC) derived from mouse induced pluripotent stem (miPS) cells will promote differentiation of odontoblasts-like cells. After the miPS cells matured into embryonic body (EB) cells, they were cultured in a neural induction medium to produce NCLC. As the differentiation of NCLC were confirmed by RT-qPCR, they were then disassociated and cultured with a medium containing, BMP4, FGF8, and/or WNT3a for 7 and 14 days. The effect of these stimuli on NCLC were assessed by RT-qPCR, ALP staining, and immunocytochemistry. The cultured EB cells presented a significant increase of Snai1, Slug, and Sox 10 substantiating the differentiation of NCLC. NCLC stimulated with more than two stimuli significantly increased the odontoblast markers Dmp-1, Dspp, Nestin, Alp, and Runx2 expression compared to control with no stimulus. The expression of Dmp-1 and Dspp upregulated more when FGF8 was combined with WNT3a. ALP staining was positive in groups containing BMP4 and fluorescence was observed in immunocytochemistry of the common significant groups between Dmp-1 and Dspp. After stimulation, the cell morphology demonstrated a spindle-shaped cells with long projections resembling odontoblasts. Simultaneous BMP4, FGF8, and WNT3a stimuli significantly differentiated NCLC into odontoblast-like cells.
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PPARγ-Induced Global H3K27 Acetylation Maintains Osteo/Cementogenic Abilities of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168646. [PMID: 34445348 PMCID: PMC8395443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The periodontal ligament is a soft connective tissue embedded between the alveolar bone and cementum, the surface hard tissue of teeth. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLF) actively express osteo/cementogenic genes, which contribute to periodontal tissue homeostasis. However, the key factors maintaining the osteo/cementogenic abilities of PDLF remain unclear. We herein demonstrated that PPARγ was expressed by in vivo periodontal ligament tissue and its distribution pattern correlated with alkaline phosphate enzyme activity. The knockdown of PPARγ markedly reduced the osteo/cementogenic abilities of PDLF in vitro, whereas PPARγ agonists exerted the opposite effects. PPARγ was required to maintain the acetylation status of H3K9 and H3K27, active chromatin markers, and the supplementation of acetyl-CoA, a donor of histone acetylation, restored PPARγ knockdown-induced decreases in the osteo/cementogenic abilities of PDLF. An RNA-seq/ChIP-seq combined analysis identified four osteogenic transcripts, RUNX2, SULF2, RCAN2, and RGMA, in the PPARγ-dependent active chromatin region marked by H3K27ac. Furthermore, RUNX2-binding sites were selectively enriched in the PPARγ-dependent active chromatin region. Collectively, these results identified PPARγ as the key transcriptional factor maintaining the osteo/cementogenic abilities of PDLF and revealed that global H3K27ac modifications play a role in the comprehensive osteo/cementogenic transcriptional alterations mediated by PPARγ.
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Long noncoding RNA expression profiles in intermittent parathyroid hormone induced cementogenesis. Genomics 2020; 113:217-228. [PMID: 33309767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) during intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) induced cementogenesis. Expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs were obtained using high-throughput microarray. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and coding-noncoding gene coexpression networks construction were performed. We identified 190 lncRNAs and 135 mRNAs that were differentially expressed during intermittent PTH-induced cementogenesis. In this process, the Wnt signaling pathway was negatively regulated, and eight lncRNAs were identified as possible core regulators of Wnt signaling. Based on the results of microarrray analysis, we further verified the repressed expression of Wnt signaling crucial components β-catenin, APC and Axin2. Above all, we speculated that lncRNAs may play important roles in PTH-induced cementogenesis via the negative regulation of Wnt pathway.
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Hu Y, Wang C, Ha S, Zhu N, Cao Z, Song Y. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ promotes mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts via inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3700-3710. [PMID: 31709625 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors, which involved in inflammation regulating and bone remodeling. Rare studies explored the effects of PPARγ on mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts. To explore the potential approaches to repair the damaged periodontal tissues especially for cementum, the present study aims to investigate the effects and the regulating mechanism of PPARγ on mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts. Murine cementoblast cell lines (OCCM-30) were cultured in basic medium for 24 hours/48 hours or in mineralization medium for 3/7/10 days, respectively at addition of dimethyl sulphoxide, rosiglitazone (PPARγ agonist), GW9662 (PPARγ antagonist), lithium chloride (LiCl), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), or respective combination. Expression of mineralization genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt related transcription factors 2 (RUNX2), and osteocalcin (OCN) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or/and Western blot. ALP staining and alizarin red staining were used to evaluate the mineralization in OCCM-30 cells. The change of β-catenin expression and translocation in cytoplasm/nucleus was analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The results showed that PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone improved the expression of ALP, RUNX2, and OCN, deepened ALP staining, increased mineralized nodules formation, and decreased β-catenin expression in the nucleus. LiCl, an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway, inhibited the expression of mineralization genes and reversed the upregulated expression of mineralization genes resulted from rosiglitazone. Under inflammatory microenvironment, rosiglitazone not only suppressed the expression of interleukin-1β caused by TNF-α, but improved the expression of mineralization genes in OCCM-30 cells. In conclusion, PPARγ could promote mineralization and differentiation in cementoblasts via inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which would shed new light on the treatment of periodontitis and periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Changning Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Ha
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ningjing Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yaling Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zheng H, Tian C, Zeng X, Liu T. WITHDRAWN: Overexpression of GLI2 induces odontogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Life Sci 2019:117178. [PMID: 31862452 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, PR China
| | - Chao Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao No. 8 People's Hospital, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital, Qingdao 266001, PR China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, PR China.
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Piñeiro-Ramil M, Sanjurjo-Rodríguez C, Castro-Viñuelas R, Rodríguez-Fernández S, Fuentes-Boquete I, Blanco F, Díaz-Prado S. Usefulness of Mesenchymal Cell Lines for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Research. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6286. [PMID: 31847077 PMCID: PMC6940884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The unavailability of sufficient numbers of human primary cells is a major roadblock for in vitro repair of bone and/or cartilage, and for performing disease modelling experiments. Immortalized mesenchymal stromal cells (iMSCs) may be employed as a research tool for avoiding these problems. The purpose of this review was to revise the available literature on the characteristics of the iMSC lines, paying special attention to the maintenance of the phenotype of the primary cells from which they were derived, and whether they are effectively useful for in vitro disease modeling and cell therapy purposes. This review was performed by searching on Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases from 1 January 2015 to 30 September 2019. The keywords used were ALL = (mesenchymal AND ("cell line" OR immortal*) AND (cartilage OR chondrogenesis OR bone OR osteogenesis) AND human). Only original research studies in which a human iMSC line was employed for osteogenesis or chondrogenesis experiments were included. After describing the success of the immortalization protocol, we focused on the iMSCs maintenance of the parental phenotype and multipotency. According to the literature revised, it seems that the maintenance of these characteristics is not guaranteed by immortalization, and that careful selection and validation of clones with particular characteristics is necessary for taking advantage of the full potential of iMSC to be employed in bone and cartilage-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Piñeiro-Ramil
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - C. Sanjurjo-Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - R. Castro-Viñuelas
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - S. Rodríguez-Fernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - I.M. Fuentes-Boquete
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - F.J. Blanco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Grupo de Investigación en Reumatología (GIR), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - S.M. Díaz-Prado
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Medicina e Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultade de Ciencias da Saúde, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; (C.S.-R.); (R.C.-V.); (S.R.-F.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña (CHUAC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Celular e Medicina Rexenerativa, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Agrupación Estratéxica entre o CICA e o Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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11
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Knani L, Venditti M, Kechiche S, Banni M, Messaoudi I, Minucci S. Melatonin protects bone against cadmium-induced toxicity via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Toxicol Mech Methods 2019; 30:237-245. [PMID: 31809235 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1701595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic for health due to it accumulation in several tissues including bone. Since melatonin (MLT) favors new bone formation through several pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, here we assessed whether MLT has a protective role against Cd induced toxicity in the rat bone tissue. Adult male Wistar rats receiving 50 mg CdCl2/L and/or 3 mg/L MLT were used and were sacrificed 30 days after the treatment. Femurs and plasma were collected and analyzed by various biochemicals, molecular and histological investigation. The results showed that Cd exposure induced bone disorder characterized by histopathological alterations, a decreased alkaline phosphatase activity and plasmatic concentration of osteocalcin. Moreover, also the expression levels of some osteogenic-related genes (Runx2, Ocn and Alp) were down-regulated after Cd treatment. Since mechanistically Cd toxicity reduced the Kinase activity of GSK3β and protein levels of Wnt3a and β-catenin, we observed that MLT administration significantly ameliorated the toxic effects induced by the metal. Our findings provide clues about a potential protective effect of MLT against Cd-induced bone metabolism destruction and that the protection was partially mediated via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Knani
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
| | - Safa Kechiche
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Banni
- UR13AGR08: Biochimie et Ecotoxicologie, ISA Chott-Mariem, Université de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Imed Messaoudi
- LR11ES41: Génétique, Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bioressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate "F. Bottazzi", Università della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italy
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12
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Wu L, Wei Q, Lv Y, Xue J, Zhang B, Sun Q, Xiao T, Huang R, Wang P, Dai X, Xia H, Li J, Yang X, Liu Q. Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Is Involved in Cadmium-Induced Inhibition of Osteoblast Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061519. [PMID: 30917596 PMCID: PMC6471709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a common environmental pollutant that causes bone damage. However, the effects of cadmium on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and its mechanism of action in this process are unclear. Here, we determined the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) on the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs and the potential mechanism involved in this process. As determined in the present investigation, CdCl₂, in a concentration-dependent manner, affected the viability of BMMSCs and their cytoskeletons. Exposure to 0.1 or 0.2 µM CdCl₂ inhibited osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs, which was reflected in the down-regulation of osteoblast-related genes (ALP, OCN, Runx2, OSX, and OPN); in suppression of the protein expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2); and in decreased ALP activity and capacity for mineralization. Moreover, mRNA microarray was performed to determine the roles of these factors in BMMSCs treated with CdCl₂ in comparison to control BMMSCs. As determined with the microarrays, the Wingless-type (Wnt), mothers against decapentaplegic and the C. elegans gene Sam (SMAD), and Janus kinase-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathways were involved in the effects caused by CdCl₂. Moreover, during differentiation, the protein levels of Wnt3a, β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (LEF1), and T-cell factor 1 (TCF1) were reduced by CdCl₂. The current research shows that CdCl₂ suppresses the osteogenesis of BMMSCs via inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results establish a previously unknown mechanism for bone injury induced by CdCl₂.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Qinzhi Wei
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yingjian Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
| | - Junchao Xue
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Qian Sun
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Tian Xiao
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Rui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China.
| | - Xiangyu Dai
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Haibo Xia
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Junjie Li
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Xingfen Yang
- Food Safety and Health Research Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Qizhan Liu
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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