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Lecoutre S, Lambert M, Drygalski K, Dugail I, Maqdasy S, Hautefeuille M, Clément K. Importance of the Microenvironment and Mechanosensing in Adipose Tissue Biology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152310. [PMID: 35954152 PMCID: PMC9367348 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expansion of adipose tissue is an adaptive mechanism that increases nutrient buffering capacity in response to an overall positive energy balance. Over the course of expansion, the adipose microenvironment undergoes continual remodeling to maintain its structural and functional integrity. However, in the long run, adipose tissue remodeling, typically characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, immune cells infiltration, fibrosis and changes in vascular architecture, generates mechanical stress on adipose cells. This mechanical stimulus is then transduced into a biochemical signal that alters adipose function through mechanotransduction. In this review, we describe the physical changes occurring during adipose tissue remodeling, and how they regulate adipose cell physiology and promote obesity-associated dysfunction in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lecoutre
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Mélanie Lambert
- Labex Inflamex, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, F-93000 Bobigny, France;
| | - Krzysztof Drygalski
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Isabelle Dugail
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
| | - Salwan Maqdasy
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet Hospital, C2-94, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Mathieu Hautefeuille
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement (UMR 7622), IBPS, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Karine Clément
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Group (Nutri-Omics), Sorbonne Université, INSERM, F-75013 Paris, France; (S.L.); (K.D.); (I.D.)
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Nutrition Department, CRNH Ile-de-France, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, F-75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: or
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Bahmad HF, Daouk R, Azar J, Sapudom J, Teo JCM, Abou-Kheir W, Al-Sayegh M. Modeling Adipogenesis: Current and Future Perspective. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102326. [PMID: 33092038 PMCID: PMC7590203 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is contemplated as a dynamic organ that plays key roles in the human body. Adipogenesis is the process by which adipocytes develop from adipose-derived stem cells to form the adipose tissue. Adipose-derived stem cells’ differentiation serves well beyond the simple goal of producing new adipocytes. Indeed, with the current immense biotechnological advances, the most critical role of adipose-derived stem cells remains their tremendous potential in the field of regenerative medicine. This review focuses on examining the physiological importance of adipogenesis, the current approaches that are employed to model this tightly controlled phenomenon, and the crucial role of adipogenesis in elucidating the pathophysiology and potential treatment modalities of human diseases. The future of adipogenesis is centered around its crucial role in regenerative and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham F. Bahmad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Reem Daouk
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Joseph Azar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
| | - Jiranuwat Sapudom
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, 2460 Abu Dhabi, UAE;
| | - Jeremy C. M. Teo
- Laboratory for Immuno Bioengineering Research and Applications, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, 2460 Abu Dhabi, UAE;
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.T.); (W.A.-K.); (M.A.-S.); Tel.: +97126286689 (J.C.M.T.); +9611350000 (ext. 4778) (W.A.-K.); +97126284560 (M.A.-S.)
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, 1107 2260 Beirut, Lebanon; (H.F.B.); (R.D.); (J.A.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.T.); (W.A.-K.); (M.A.-S.); Tel.: +97126286689 (J.C.M.T.); +9611350000 (ext. 4778) (W.A.-K.); +97126284560 (M.A.-S.)
| | - Mohamed Al-Sayegh
- Biology Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, 2460 Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Correspondence: (J.C.M.T.); (W.A.-K.); (M.A.-S.); Tel.: +97126286689 (J.C.M.T.); +9611350000 (ext. 4778) (W.A.-K.); +97126284560 (M.A.-S.)
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Bitar M, Benini F, Brose C, Friederici V, Imgrund P, Bruinink A. Evaluation of early stage human bone marrow stromal proliferation, cell migration and osteogenic differentiation on μ-MIM structured stainless steel surfaces. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2013; 24:1285-1292. [PMID: 23386209 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-4876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that surface topography greatly affect cell-surface interactions. In a recent study we showed that microstructured stainless steel surfaces characterized by the presence of defined hexagonally arranged hemisphere-like structures significantly affected cell architecture (shape and focal adhesion size) of primary human bone mesenchymal stromal cells. This study aimed at further investigating the influence these microstructures (microcline protruding hemispheres) on critical aspects of cell behaviour namely; proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation. As with previously reported data, we used primary human bone mesenchymal stromal cells to investigate such effects at an early stage in vitro. Cells of different patients were utilised for cell migration studies. Our data showed that an increase in cell proliferation was exhibited as a function of surface topography (hemispheres). Cell migration velocity also varied as a function of surface topography on patient specific basis and seems to relate to the differentiated state of the seeded cell population (as demonstrated by bALP positivity). Osteogenic differentiation, however, did not exhibit significant variations (both up and down-regulation) as a function of both surface topography and time in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak Bitar
- Materials-Biology Interactions Lab, EMPA, Lerchenfelstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Naito M, Omoteyama K, Mikami Y, Takagi M, Takahashi T. Suppression of lamin A/C by short hairpin RNAs promotes adipocyte lineage commitment in mesenchymal progenitor cell line, ROB-C26. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 137:235-47. [PMID: 22119912 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0890-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Lamin A/C gene encodes a nuclear membrane protein, and mutations in this gene are associated with diverse degenerative diseases that are linked to premature aging. While lamin A/C is involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis, the distinct expression patterns are poorly understood in the mesenchymal cells differentiating into adipocytes. Here, we examined the expression of lamin A/C in a rat mesenchymal progenitor cell-line, ROB-C26 (C26). Immunocytochemical analysis showed that lamin A/C was transiently down-regulated in immature adipocytes, but its expression increased with terminal differentiation. To elucidate the role of lamin A/C expression on mesenchymal cell differentiation, lamin A/C expression was suppressed using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules in C26 cells. In the absence of adipogenic stimuli, lamin A/C shRNA decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, but induced preadipocyte factor -1 (Pref-1) mRNA expression. In the presence of adipogenic stimuli, lamin A/C knockdown promotes adipocytes differentiation, as assessed by the detection of an increase in Oil Red O staining. RT-PCR analysis showed that lamin A/C shRNA resulted in increased mRNA expression of PPARγ2 and aP2 during adipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that decreased lamin A/C expression levels not only suppress osteoblast phenotypes but also promote adipocyte differentiation in C26 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Naito
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Inoue-Murayama M, Sugimoto Y, Niimi Y, Aso H. Type XVIII collagen is newly transcribed during bovine adipogenesis. Differentiation 2000; 65:281-5. [PMID: 10929207 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-0436.2000.6550281.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To isolate candidate genes concerned with bovine adipocyte differentiation, we have constructed a subtraction cDNA library from a clonal bovine intramuscular preadipocyte (BIP) cell line. We have isolated a set of cDNA clones whose respective mRNA levels are upregulated during the differentiation of BIP cells. The sequence of one subtracted cDNA fragment was highly homologous to that of mouse type XVIII collagen. Northern blot analysis and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that collagen XVIII gene expression increased during adipocyte differentiation. The collagen XVIII gene was also highly expressed in fat tissue. Although its function is unclear, these expression patterns indicate that type XVIII collagen may be associated with adipocyte differentiation in cattle.
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Boone C, Grégoire F, Remacle C. Regulation of porcine adipogenesis in vitro, as compared with other species. Domest Anim Endocrinol 1999; 17:257-67. [PMID: 10527128 DOI: 10.1016/s0739-7240(99)00042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In vitro studies, mostly performed on murine cell lines, allowed us to identify the role played by hormonal agents, second-messenger pathways, extracellular matrix proteins, and transcription factors in adipose conversion. Some information has also been reported when studies were conducted on primary cultures that originated from various species. However, because of conflicting results, probably caused, at least in part, by species specificity, developing cultures of preadipose cells from economically important species appeared necessary to better understand and control the animals' fat development. We reviewed our current knowledge concerning the regulation of cultured porcine preadipose cells by hormones, second-messenger pathways, and extracellular matrix proteins. The results clearly demonstrate that such primary cultures are essential to avoid the establishment of hazardous concepts originated from rodent and aneuploid cell lines in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boone
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Unité de Biologie Animale (BANI), Faculté des Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Boone C, Grégoire F, Remacle C. Various stimulators of the cyclic AMP pathway fail to promote adipose conversion of porcine preadipocytes in primary culture. Differentiation 1999; 64:255-62. [PMID: 10374262 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-0436.1999.6450255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The cyclic adenosine-monophosphate (cAMP) pathway is generally recognized as one of the essential pathways for the adipose conversion of rodent preadipocytes in vitro. However, divergent effects of cAMP on adipocyte differentiation have also been reported. Since there is very little data on non-rodent preadipose cells, the aim of the present work was to analyze the effects of classic activators of the cAMP pathway on the proliferation and differentiation of porcine preadipocytes grown either in serum-free or in serum-containing medium. In both media, the addition of 10 microM forskolin from day 1 after cell plating to day 3 or 7 did not affect cell proliferation. Such stimulations also failed to enhance preadipocyte differentiation, as assessed by the measurement of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activities, two markers of adipose conversion. Similar results were obtained when various concentrations of forskolin (0.1 nM-100 microM) were added for 2 days either during the growth phase (days 1-3) or after confluence (days 5-7). Addition of methylisobutylxanthine (MIX) or 8-bromo-cAMP was also found inefficient to stimulate porcine preadipocytes differentiation clearly. By contrast, post-confluence treatment of the murine 3T3-L1 cell line with either forskolin or MIX markedly enhanced lipid accumulation and led to a dramatic increase in GPDH activity (up to 120 times). This indicates that similar culture conditions are adipogenic for the murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes but not for porcine preadipose cells. In summary, this work clearly highlights the finding that porcine preadipocytes do not respond to classic activators of the cAMP pathway like rodent cells do. This calls in question again the general model proposed for the action of this pathway in adipose conversion and suggests that the mechanisms regulating adipocyte differentiation may differ among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boone
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium.
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