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邹 琼, 伍 晓, 王 进, 夏 谍, 邓 萌, 丁 俞, 代 玉, 赵 嵩, 陈 彤. [Therapeutic effect of Panax notoginseng saponins combined with cyclophosphamide in mice bearing hepatocellular carcinoma H 22 cell xenograft]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:538-545. [PMID: 35527489 PMCID: PMC9085587 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.04.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effects of total saponins from Panax notognseng (PNS) combined with cyclophosphamide (CTX) in mice bearing hepatocellular carcinoma H22 cell xenograft. METHODS We examined the effects of treatment with different concentrations of PNS on H22 cell proliferation for 24 to 72 h in vitro using CCK8 colorimetric assay. Annexin V/PI double fluorescence staining was used to detect the effect of PNS on apoptosis of H22 cells. Mouse models bearing H22 cell xenograft were established and treated with CTX (25 mg/kg), PNS (120, 240 or 480 mg/kg), alone or in combinations. After treatments for consecutive 10 days, the mice were euthanized for examinations of carbon clearance ability of the monocytes and macrophages, splenic lymphocyte proliferation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), serum hemolysin antibody level, blood indicators, and the tumor inhibition rate. RESULTS Treatment with PNS concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferation and significantly promoted apoptosis of cultured H22 cells (P < 0.01). In the tumor-bearing mouse models, PNS alone and its combination with CTX both resulted in obvious enhancement of phagocytosis of the monocyte-macrophages, stimulated the proliferation of splenic lymphocytes, promoted the release of TNF-α and IL-2 and the production of serum hemolysin antibody, and increased the number of white blood cells, red blood cells and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Treatment with 480 mg/kg PNS combined with CTX resulted in a tumor inhibition rate of 83.28% (P < 0.01) and a life prolonging rate of 131.25% in the mouse models (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION PNS alone or in combination with CTX can improve the immunity and tumor inhibition rate and prolong the survival time of H22 tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- 琼 邹
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 晓萍 伍
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 进吉 王
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 谍 夏
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 萌玥 邓
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 俞珍 丁
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 玉玲 代
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - 嵩月 赵
- 云南省食品药品审核查验中 心,云南 昆明 650228Yunnan Food and Drug Inspection Center, Kunming 650228, China
| | - 彤 陈
- 昆明医科大学药学院暨云南省天然药物药理重点实验室,云南 昆明 650500School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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Yuan F, Gao Q, Tang H, Shi J, Zhou Y. Ophiopogonin‑B targets PTP1B to inhibit the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:122. [PMID: 35169857 PMCID: PMC8864608 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ophiopogonin‑B (OP‑B) is a bioactive component from the root of Ophiopogon japonicus, which can exert anticancer effects on multiple malignant tumors. The present study aimed to uncover the effects of OP‑B on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying mechanisms. An HCC‑xenografted mouse model was established and subsequently treated with OP‑B (15 and 75 mg/kg) to observe the effects of OP‑B on HCC progression and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) expression in vivo. The HCC cell line MHCC97‑H was transfected with either PTP1B overexpression (Ov)‑PTP1B or empty vector control, and then exposed to different concentrations of OP‑B. Subsequently, PTP1B expression, cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and angiogenesis were evaluated by western blotting, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, Cell Counting Kit‑8, colony formation, TUNEL staining, wound healing, Transwell and tube formation assays. The expression of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT and adenosine 5'‑monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) was also assessed by western blot assay. The results showed that OP‑B inhibited tumor growth and the expression of Ki67, CD31, VEGFA and PTP1B in HCC xenograft model. The expression of PTP1B in HCC cells was also inhibited by OP‑B in a concentration‑dependent manner. Results from the in vitro studies revealed that OP‑B suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis, and promoted apoptosis of HCC cells. However, PTP1B overexpression reversed the effect of OP‑B on HCC cells. PI3K/AKT was inactivated and AMPK was activated by OP‑B exposure in HCC cells, and PTP1B overexpression blocked these effects. In conclusion, OP‑B effectively inhibited the progression of HCC both in vivo and in vitro. These effects may depend on downregulating PTP1B expression, thereby inactivating the PI3K/AKT pathway and activating the AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yuan
- Department of Liver Disease, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, P.R. China
| | - Qian Gao
- Department of Liver Disease, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, P.R. China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Department of Liver Disease, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, P.R. China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Liver Disease, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, P.R. China
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Liver Disease, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, P.R. China
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Wang S, Tang C, Zhao H, Shen P, Lin C, Zhu Y, Han D. Network Pharmacological Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Mechanisms of Action of Si-Ni-San Against Liver Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:656115. [PMID: 34276360 PMCID: PMC8281251 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.656115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Si-Ni-San (SNS), a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has potency against liver diseases, such as hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacological mechanisms of action of SNS against liver fibrosis remain largely unclear. Methods: A carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis mouse model was adopted for the first time to investigate the beneficial effects of SNS on liver fibrosis. The potential mechanisms of action of SNS were explored using the network pharmacology-based strategy and validated with the aid of diverse assays. Results: SNS treatment reduced collagen and ECM deposition, downregulated fibrosis-related factor (hyaluronic acid and laminin) contents in serum, maintained the morphological structure of liver tissue, and improved liver function in the liver fibrosis model. Based on network pharmacology results, apoptosis, inflammation and angiogenesis, together with the associated pathways (including VEGF, TNF, caspase, PPAR-γ and NF-κB), were identified as the mechanisms underlying the effects of SNS on liver fibrosis. Further in vivo experiments validated the significant mitigatory effects of SNS on inflammatory infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents (IFNγ, IL-1β and TGF-β1) in liver tissues of mice with liver fibrosis. SNS suppressed pathologic neovascularization as well as levels of VEGFR1, VEGF and VEGFR2 in liver tissues. SNS treatment additionally inhibited hepatic parenchyma cell apoptosis in liver tissues of mice with liver fibrosis and regulated apoptin expression while protecting L02 cells against apoptosis induced by TNF-α and Act D in vitro. Activation of hepatic stellate cells was suppressed and the balance between MMP13 and TIMP1 maintained in vitro by SNS. These activities may be associated with SNS-induced NF-κB suppression and PPAR-γ activation. Conclusion: SNS effectively impedes liver fibrosis progression through alleviating inflammation, ECM accumulation, aberrant angiogenesis and apoptosis of hepatic parenchymal cells along with inhibiting activation of hepatic stellate cells through effects on multiple targets and may thus serve as a novel therapeutic regimen for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siliang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiliang Shen
- School of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Lin
- School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Wang M, Ye Q, Mao D, Li H. Research Progress in Liver-Regenerating Microenvironment and DNA Methylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920310. [PMID: 32144233 PMCID: PMC7077739 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development, progression, recurrence, and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are closely associated with an abnormal liver-regenerating microenvironment (LRM). Therefore, preventing and reversing an abnormal LRM is a potential therapeutic strategy against HCC. Studies are increasingly focusing on the impact of regeneration, fibrosis, angiogenesis, inflammation, immunomodulation, and hepatic stem cells on HCC development and progression. As a key epigenetic mechanism, DNA methylation is extensively involved in regulating physiological and pathological pathways. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role of DNA methylation in the fibrotic, angiogenic, inflammatory/immune, and stem cell microenvironments of HCC, and discuss new advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on influencing the abnormal LRM, so as to gain new insights into alleviating the abnormal LRM via regulating DNA methylation by TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Wang
- Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Qianling Ye
- Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Dewen Mao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Hanmin Li
- Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Hou J, Wang L, Wu D. The root of Actinidia chinensis inhibits hepatocellular carcinomas cells through LAMB3. Cell Biol Toxicol 2018; 34:321-332. [PMID: 29127567 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-017-9416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The root of Actinidia chinensis, as traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation in numerous cancer cells. However, the mechanisms underlying its inhibitory activity remain unclear. Death rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are increasing, but therapies for advanced HCC are not well developed. We choose the extract from root of Actinidia chinensis (ERAC) to treat the HCC cell lines in vitro, displaying distinct effects on cell proliferation, S-phase cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. LAMB3, the gene encoding laminin subunit beta-3, plays a key role in the proliferation suppression and S-phase cell cycle arrest of HepG2 cells treated with ERAC. The downstream genes ITGA3, CCND2, and TP53 in LAMB3 pathway show the same response to ERAC as LAMB3. Thus, LAMB3 pathways, along with extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, pathways in cancer, and focal adhesion, are involved in the ERAC-induced suppressive response in HepG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayun Hou
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Duojiao Wu
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics; Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Yan B, Chen Z, Zhai X, Yin G, Ai Y, Chen G. Microbial carbonylation and hydroxylation of 20(R)-panaxadiol by Aspergillus niger. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:782-787. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1360887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yan
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, PR China
| | - Zhihua Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, PR China
| | - Xuguang Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, PR China
| | - Guibo Yin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, PR China
| | - Yafei Ai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology, Nantong, PR China
| | - Guangtong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, PR China
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Liu TT, Ding TL, Ma Y, Wei W. Selective α1B- and α1D-adrenoceptor antagonists suppress noradrenaline-induced activation, proliferation and ECM secretion of rat hepatic stellate cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:1385-92. [PMID: 25283507 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the effects of noradrenaline (NA) on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in vitro and to determine the adrenoceptor (AR) subtypes and underlying mechanisms. METHODS The distribution and expressions of α1A-, α1B-, and α1D-ARs in HSC-T6 cells were analyzed using immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR. Cell proliferation was evaluated with MTT assay. The expression of HSC activation factors [transforming factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)], extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion factors [tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and collagen-Ι (ColΙ)] and PKC-PI3K-AKT signaling components (PKC, PI3K, and AKT) in the cells were detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR. RESULTS Both α1B- and α1D-AR were expressed in the membrane of HSC-T6 cells, whereas α1A-AR was not detected. Treatment of the cells with NA concentration-dependently increased cell proliferation (EC50=277 nmol/L), which was suppressed by the α1B-AR antagonist CEC or by the α1D-AR antagonist BMY7378. Furthermore, NA (0.001, 0.1, and 10 μmol/L) concentration-dependently increased the expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA, TIMP-1 and ColΙ, PKC and PI3K, and phosphorylation of AKT in HSC-T6 cells, which were suppressed by CEC or BMY7378, or by pertussis toxin (PT), RO-32-0432 (PKC antagonist), LY294002 (PI3K antagonist) or GSK690693 (AKT antagonist). CONCLUSION NA promotes HSC-T6 cell activation, proliferation and secretion of ECM in vitro via activation of Gα-coupled α1B-AR and α1D-AR and the PKC-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
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Baicalein induces apoptosis and autophagy via endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:732516. [PMID: 24995326 PMCID: PMC4065687 DOI: 10.1155/2014/732516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a disastrous disease and the treatment for HCC is rather limited. Separation and identification of active compounds from traditionally used herbs in HCC treatment may shed light on novel therapeutic drugs for HCC. METHODS Cell viability and colony forming assay were conducted to determine anti-HCC activity. Morphology of cells and activity of caspases were analyzed. Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins and JNK were also examined. Levels of unfolded protein response (UPR) markers were determined and intracellular calcium was assayed. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to investigate the role of UPR and autophagy in baicalein-induced cell death. RESULTS Among four studied flavonoids, only baicalein exhibited satisfactory inhibition of viability and colony formation of HCC cells within water-soluble concentration. Baicalein induced apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, possibly by downregulating prosurvival Bcl-2 family, increasing intracellular calcium, and activating JNK. CHOP was the executor of cell death during baicalein-induced ER stress while eIF2 α and IRE1 α played protective roles. Protective autophagy was also triggered by baicalein in HCC cells. CONCLUSION Baicalein exhibits prominent anti-HCC activity. This flavonoid induces apoptosis and protective autophagy via ER stress. Combination of baicalein and autophagy inhibitors may represent a promising therapy against HCC.
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Guo C, Xu L, He Q, Liang T, Duan X, Li R. Anti-fibrotic effects of puerarin on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats possibly through the regulation of PPAR-γ expression and inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 56:436-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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