1
|
Li L, Shi C, Dong F, Xu G, Lei M, Zhang F. Targeting pyroptosis to treat ischemic stroke: From molecular pathways to treatment strategy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112168. [PMID: 38688133 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the primary reason for human disability and death, but the available treatment options are limited. Hence, it is imperative to explore novel and efficient therapies. In recent years, pyroptosis (a pro-inflammatory cell death characterized by inflammation) has emerged as an important pathological mechanism in ischemic stroke that can cause cell death through plasma membrane rupture and release of inflammatory cytokines. Pyroptosis is closely associated with inflammation, which exacerbates the inflammatory response in ischemic stroke. The level of inflammasomes, GSDMD, Caspases, and inflammatory factors is increased after ischemic stroke, exacerbating brain injury by mediating pyroptosis. Hence, inhibition of pyroptosis can be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between pyroptosis and ischemic stroke, as well as a series of treatments to attenuate pyroptosis, intending to provide insights for new therapeutic targets on ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Chonglin Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Mingcheng Lei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tan Z, Jiang X, Zhou W, Deng B, Cai M, Deng S, Xu Y, Ding W, Chen G, Chen R, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Liu B, Zhang J. Taohong siwu decoction attenuates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting fibrosis proliferation and collagen deposition via TGFBR1 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113838. [PMID: 33460756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to cardiac remodeling and loss of function. Taohong siwu decoction (THSWD), a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal prescription, has been clinically used to treat various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, but its potential functions in myocardial fibrosis after MI remain uncharacterized. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of current study was to explore the potential mechanism action and anti-myocardial fibrosis effects of treatment with THSWD in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mouse underwent ligation of coronary artery to induce MI and divided equally into the sham group, model group and THSWD treatment groups. After 4 weeks, the effects of THSWD treatment on cardiac function were estimated by echocardiography. HE staining was used to detect the pathologic changes and Masson trichrome staining was used to estimate tissue fibrosis. To further explore the regulatory molecular mechanisms of THSWD, transcriptome analysis was performed. Furthermore, in vitro, we investigated the effect of THSWD on cell proliferation and collagen deposition in primary cardiac fibrosis cells and its possible mechanism of action. Overexpression of TGFBR1 was achieved by infection with an adenovirus vector encoding TGFBR1. RESULTS Treatment with THSWD significantly decreased myocardial fibrosis and recovered cardiac function in the post-MI mouse. The transcriptomics data imply that the TGF-β pathway might be a target in the anti-fibrosis effect of THSWD. THSWD inhibits TGF-β1-induced proliferation of primary cardiac fibroblasts. THSWD decreased collagen expression and TGFBR1 and Smad2/3 phosphorylation. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of THSWD on CFs proliferation and collagen deposition, as well as TGFBR1 signaling pathway-associated proteins expression was partially abrogated by overexpression of TGFBR1. CONCLUSION Collectively, the results implicate that THSWD attenuates myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting fibrosis proliferation and collagen deposition via inhibiting TGFBR1, and might be a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of myocardial fibrosis post-MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangbin Tan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Wenyi Zhou
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Suihui Deng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Youcai Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Guanghong Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ruixue Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Shuangwei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
| | - Jingzhi Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Institute of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease), The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taohuajing reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic cardiomyopathy through the sirtuin 1/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:78. [PMID: 33637069 PMCID: PMC7913206 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress and inflammation promote the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Therefore, inhibiting these processes may show beneficial effects in the treatment of patients with DCM. Taohuajing (THJ) is prepared using Persicae semen (Taoren), Polygonatum sibiricum (Huangjing), and Carthami flos (Honghua) and may have applications in the treatment of DCM. However, the protective effects of THJ have not been thoroughly assessed. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of THJ in a model of DCM and further clarify the potential mechanisms. Methods A type 2 diabetes mellitus model was generated using male C57BL/6 mice. Echocardiography and histopathology were used to evaluate cardiac function. The expression levels of cytokines were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Western blotting and small interfering RNA were used to evaluate the targets of THJ. Results Compared with the control group, DCM mice showed cardiac dysfunction, metabolic disorder, fibrosis, and disorganized ultrastructure, and THJ treatment significantly inhibited these changes significantly. THJ treatment also inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), induced the production of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed the activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. These protective effects were abolished by sirtinol, an inhibitor of sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Conclusions Overall, THJ protected the heart from hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in DCM mice via a mechanism involving SIRT1-mediated antioxidant proteins and suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Sun J, Wu R, Bai J, Hou Y, Zeng Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Meng X. Mitochondrial MPTP: A Novel Target of Ethnomedicine for Stroke Treatment by Apoptosis Inhibition. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:352. [PMID: 32269527 PMCID: PMC7109312 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), across the inner and outer membranes of mitochondria, is a nonspecific channel for signal transduction or material transfer between mitochondrial matrix and cytoplasm such as maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis, regulation of oxidative stress signals, and protein translocation evoked by some of stimuli. Continuous MPTP opening has been proved to stimulate neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. Meanwhile, inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced apoptosis has shown excellent efficacy in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Among of which, the potential molecular mechanisms of drug therapy for stroke has also been gradually revealed by researchers. The characteristics of multi-components or multi-targets for ethnic drugs also provide the possibility to treat stroke from the perspective of mitochondrial MPTP. The advantages mentioned above make it necessary for us to explore and clarify the new perspective of ethnic medicine in treating stroke and to determine the specific molecular mechanisms through advanced technologies as much as possible. In this review, we attempt to uncover the relationship between abnormal MPTP opening and neuronal apoptosis in ischemic stroke. We further summarized currently authorized drugs, ethnic medicine prescriptions, herbs, and identified monomer compounds for inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced ischemic neuron apoptosis. Finally, we strive to provide a new perspective and enlightenment for ethnic medicine in the prevention and treatment of stroke by inhibition of MPTP overopening-induced neuronal apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangxin Li
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixia Wu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Hou
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taohong Siwu Decoction Exerts a Beneficial Effect on Cardiac Function by Possibly Improving the Microenvironment and Decreasing Mitochondrial Fission after Myocardial Infarction. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:5198278. [PMID: 31885903 PMCID: PMC6925791 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5198278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease has been established as a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in a huge burden to patients, families, and society. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) presents several advantages for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases including multitargets, multi-ingredients, fewer side effects, and low cost. In this study, a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI) was established by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, and the effect of the Taohong Siwu decoction (THSWD) on cardiac function was evaluated in MI rats. Following the intragastric administration of THSWD, the cardiac function was examined using echocardiography. The infarct size and collagen deposition in the infarct area were measured using Masson's trichrome staining, and the number of CD31- and α-SMA-positive blood vessels in the peri-infarct and infarct area was evaluated by immunofluorescent staining. The mRNA expression of bFGF, IGF-1, and HGF was detected using RT-PCR assay. Cell apoptosis in the infarcted area was assessed by TUNEL staining, and the p-Akt level was detected using the western blot assay. The mitochondrial ROS production was measured using MitoSOX staining, and mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy were evaluated with western blotting 7 days after THSWD treatment. THSWD increased the ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) values in the rat hearts; however, no statistical difference was found between the THSWD and MI groups 4 weeks after treatment. Furthermore, THSWD significantly decreased the value of the left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV). Compared with the model group, THSWD significantly increased the expression of IGF-1 and bFGF, reduced collagen deposition, promoted angiogenesis, reduced cell apoptosis, and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Notably, THSWD significantly decreased mitochondrial ROS production and Fis1 expression. No statistical differences were observed in the expression of mitochondrial LC3B and Mfn1 between the THSWD and control groups. In summary, THSWD may possess a beneficial effect on cardiac function by improving the local ischemic microenvironment and by decreasing mitochondrial fission after MI. Hence, this may present a promising auxiliary strategy in the treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy such as MI.
Collapse
|
6
|
Hong M, Shi H, Wang N, Tan HY, Wang Q, Feng Y. Dual Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicines on Angiogenesis in Cancer and Ischemic Stroke Treatments: Role of HIF-1 Network. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:696. [PMID: 31297056 PMCID: PMC6606950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)–induced angiogenesis has been involved in numerous pathological conditions, and it may be harmful or beneficial depending on the types of diseases. Exploration on angiogenesis has sparked hopes in providing novel therapeutic approaches on multiple diseases with high mortality rates, such as cancer and ischemic stroke. The HIF-1 pathway is considered to be a major regulator of angiogenesis. HIF-1 seems to be involved in the vascular formation process by synergistic correlations with other proangiogenic factors in cancer and cerebrovascular disease. The regulation of HIF-1–dependent angiogenesis is related to the modulation of HIF-1 bioactivity by regulating HIF-1α transcription or protein translation, HIF-1α DNA binding, HIF-1α and HIF-1α dimerization, and HIF-1 degradation. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines have a long history of clinical use in both cancer and stroke treatments in Asia. Growing evidence has demonstrated potential proangiogenic benefits of Chinese herbal medicines in ischemic stroke, whereas tumor angiogenesis could be inhibited by the active components in Chinese herbal medicines. The objective of this review is to provide comprehensive insight on the effects of Chinese herbal medicines on angiogenesis by regulating HIF-1 pathways in both cancer and ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hong
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yuan G, Han A, Wu J, Lu Y, Zhang D, Sun Y, Zhang J, Zhao M, Zhang B, Cui X. Bao Yuan decoction and Tao Hong Si Wu decoction improve lung structural remodeling in a rat model of myocardial infarction: Possible involvement of suppression of inflammation and fibrosis and regulation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 and NF-κB pathways. Biosci Trends 2019; 12:491-501. [PMID: 30473557 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2018.01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (CHF) leads to pulmonary structural remodeling, which may be a key factor for poor clinical outcomes in patients with end-stage heart failure, and few effective therapeutic options are presently available. The aim of the current study was to explore the mechanism of action and pulmonary-protective effects of treatment with Bao Yuan decoction combined with Tao Hong Si Wu decoction (BYTH) on lung structural remodeling in rats with ischemic heart failure. In a model of myocardial infarction (MI) induced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery, rats were treated with BYTH. Heart function and morphometry were measured followed by echocardiography, histological staining, and immunohistochemical analysis of lung sections. The levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), type I collagen, phosphorylated-Smad3 (p-Smad3), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), active nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected using Western blotting. Lung weight increased after an infarct with no evidence of pulmonary edema and returned to normal as a result of BYTH. In addition, BYTH treatment reduced levels of type I collagen, TGF-β1, and α-SMA expression and decreased the phosphorylation of Smad3 in the lungs of rats after MI. BYTH treatment also reduced the elevated levels of lung inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, TLR4, and NF-κB. Results suggested that BYTH could effectively improve lung structural remodeling after MI because of its anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic action, which may be mediated by suppression of the TGF-β1/Smad3 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guozhen Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Anbang Han
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Yingdong Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Yuxiu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | | | - Mingjing Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| | - Xiangning Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han L, Ji Z, Chen W, Yin D, Xu F, Li S, Chen F, Zhu G, Peng D. Protective effects of tao-Hong-si-wu decoction on memory impairment and hippocampal damage in animal model of vascular dementia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:195835. [PMID: 25821478 PMCID: PMC4363643 DOI: 10.1155/2015/195835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction (TSD) as a traditional chinese medicine (TCM) has been developed to treat thrombotic diseases for hundreds of years, and vascular dementia (VD) is a cognitive dysfunction syndrome caused by cerebral embolism. In this study, the protective effect of TSD on memory impairment and brain damage in rat model of VD induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was investigated. The study showed that rats in MCAO treatment with TSD for 14 days significantly improved behavioral function, increased densities of neuron, and induced angiogenesis in the brain compared with model rats. TSD also adjusted the neurotransmitter levels, reduced the content of endothelin-1 (ET-1), and induced the activities of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in hippocampus. Moreover, the immunohistochemical staining and western blotting results also revealed that TSD decreased apoptosis via upregulated B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) ratio. These results demonstrated TSD possesses neuroprotective and antidementia properties by preventing the loss of neural cells, adjusting brain neurotransmitter, promoting cerebral blood circulation, and decreasing apoptosis. These results suggested that TSD might be developed as an effective drug for the prevention of VD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zhaojie Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Dengke Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Fan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Guangyu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Maanshan Central Hospital, No. 27, Hudong Bei Road, Maanshan 243000, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangshan Road, Hefei 230012, China
| |
Collapse
|