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Wang J, Wu Q, Zhou Y, Yu L, Yu L, Deng Y, Tu C, Li W. The mechanisms underlying olanzapine-induced insulin resistance via the brown adipose tissue and the therapy in rats. Adipocyte 2022; 11:84-98. [PMID: 35067163 PMCID: PMC8786323 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2026590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid increase has been observed in insulin resistance (IR) incidence induced by a long-term olanzapine treatment with no better ways to avoid it. Our study aimed to demonstrate the mechanism underlying the olanzapine-induced insulin resistance and find appropriate drug interventions. In this study, firstly, we constructed rat insulin resistance model using a two-month gavage of olanzapine and used the main active ingredient mixture of Gegen Qinlian Decoction for the treatment. The activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was measured using the PET/CT scan, whereas Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of GLUT4 and UCP1. The results showed that the long-term administration of olanzapine impaired glucose tolerance and produced insulin resistance in rats, while Gegen Qinlian Decoction could improve this side effect. The results of the PET/CT scan showed that the BAT activity in the insulin-resistant rats was significantly lower than that of the Gegen Qinlian Decoction treated rats. Also, the expression of GLUT4 and UCP1 in the insulin resistance group showed a significant decrease, which could be up-regulated by Gegen Qinliane Decoction treatment. The results of both in vivo and in vitro experiments were consistent. we demonstrated that the olanzapine could induce IR in vitro and in vivo by decreasing the expression of UCP1; thus, suppressing the thermogenesis of BAT and impairing glucose uptake. More importantly, we demonstrated a possible novel strategy to improve the olanzapine-induced IR by Gegen Qinlian Decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Xirui Pharmaceutical Technology Co Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangyu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixiu Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yahui Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuyue Tu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiyong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jiang BQ, Cheng GL, Zhang Y, Kong H, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Wu T, Zhao Y, Qu HH. Development of a Quantum Dot-Based Fluorescence-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Puerarin. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:917-921. [PMID: 35715906 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a rapid and highly sensitive fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay for puerarin determination was developed by the conjugation of quantum dots with an antibody against puerarin. The linear range and detection limit of the fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay were validated. The detection curve (y = -1041ln(x)+5366, R² = 0.999) was linear in the range of 7.8-125 ng/mL. The 50% inhibitory concentration determined by fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay was 33.8 ng/mL puerarin in water. The limit of detection for PUE was 6.1 ng/mL. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the quantitative detection of a natural product using quantum dots as fluorescent markers. Furthermore, the newly developed fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay was successfully applied to determine puerarin in several commercial Gegen Qinlian tablets, with a higher sensitivity than that of conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Qian Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guo-Liang Cheng
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hui Kong
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hui-Hua Qu
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Meng X, Zhang G, Cao H, Yu D, Fang X, de Vos WM, Wu H. Gut dysbacteriosis and intestinal disease: mechanism and treatment. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:787-805. [PMID: 32277534 PMCID: PMC11027427 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiome functions like an endocrine organ, generating bioactive metabolites, enzymes or small molecules that can impact host physiology. Gut dysbacteriosis is associated with many intestinal diseases including (but not limited to) inflammatory bowel disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis-IBD, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic constipation, osmotic diarrhoea and colorectal cancer. The potential pathogenic mechanism of gut dysbacteriosis associated with intestinal diseases includes the alteration of composition of gut microbiota as well as the gut microbiota-derived signalling molecules. The many correlations between the latter and the susceptibility for intestinal diseases has placed a spotlight on the gut microbiome as a potential novel target for therapeutics. Currently, faecal microbial transplantation, dietary interventions, use of probiotics, prebiotics and drugs are the major therapeutic tools utilized to impact dysbacteriosis and associated intestinal diseases. In this review, we systematically summarized the role of intestinal microbiome in the occurrence and development of intestinal diseases. The potential mechanism of the complex interplay between gut dysbacteriosis and intestinal diseases, and the treatment methods are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Meng
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - G Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - H Cao
- InnovHope Inc, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - D Yu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - X Fang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - W M de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Ancuceanu R, Dinu M, Dinu-Pirvu C, Anuţa V, Negulescu V. Pharmacokinetics of B-Ring Unsubstituted Flavones. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E370. [PMID: 31374885 PMCID: PMC6723510 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11080370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
B-ring unsubstituted flavones (of which the most widely known are chrysin, baicalein, wogonin, and oroxylin A) are 2-phenylchromen-4-one molecules of which the B-ring is devoid of any hydroxy, methoxy, or other substituent. They may be found naturally in a number of herbal products used for therapeutic purposes, and several have been designed by researchers and obtained in the laboratory. They have generated interest in the scientific community for their potential use in a variety of pathologies, and understanding their pharmacokinetics is important for a grasp of their optimal use. Based on a comprehensive survey of the relevant literature, this paper examines their absorption (with deglycosylation as a preliminary step) and their fate in the body, from metabolism to excretion. Differences among species (inter-individual) and within the same species (intra-individual) variability have been examined based on the available data, and finally, knowledge gaps and directions of future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Ancuceanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Dinu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Cristina Dinu-Pirvu
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Valentina Anuţa
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Vlad Negulescu
- Department of Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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Effect of Puerarin, Baicalin and Berberine Hydrochloride on the Regulation of IPEC-J2 Cells Infected with Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:7438593. [PMID: 30891078 PMCID: PMC6390247 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7438593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin, baicalin and berberine hydrochloride are the main components of Gegen Qinlian Decoction, which has been used to treat diarrhoea in China for hundreds of years, yet the biological function and molecular mechanism of these components are not clear. To investigate the effects of puerarin, baicalin, and berberine hydrochloride on the regulation of porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells) infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). IPEC-J2 cells were pretreated with puerarin (200 μg/mL), baicalin (1 μg/mL), and berberine hydrochloride (100 μg/mL) at 37°C for 3 h and then coincubated with the F4ac ETEC bacterial strain 200 at 37°C for 3 h. ETEC infection damaged the structure of IPEC-J2 cells, upregulated mucin 4 (P < 0.01) and mucin 13 mRNA (P < 0.05) expression, increased the apoptosis rate (P < 0.05), and promoted inflammatory responses (IL-6 and CXCL-2 mRNA expression) in IPEC-J2 cells by activating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Pretreatment with puerarin, baicalin, and berberine hydrochloride improved the structure and morphology of IPEC-J2 cells and inhibited ETEC adhesion by downregulating specific adhesion molecules. Pretreatment with baicalin decreased the inflammatory response; pretreatment with baicalin and berberine hydrochloride decreased the inflammatory response mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway. Pretreatment with puerarin, baicalin, and berberine hydrochloride protected IPEC-J2 cells from ETEC infection by inhibiting bacterial adhesion and inflammatory responses.
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Distribution kinetics of puerarin in rat hippocampus after acute local cerebral ischemia. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 164:196-201. [PMID: 30390562 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Puerarin, isolated from the roots of Pueraria lobata, is widely used for treating cerebral ischemia in China. The time- and dose-dependent distribution characteristics of puerarin in the ischemic hippocampus are unknown. In this study, puerarin concentration was determined by an indirect competitive ELISA using anti-puerarin monoclonal antibody. Area under the curve (AUC0-120 min) of puerarin (80 mg/kg) in the embolic hippocampus was higher than that in the normal hippocampus; the increase was significant only at 40 and 20 mg/kg. The maximum concentration (Cmax) of puerarin in the embolic hippocampus was higher than that in the normal hippocampus at all doses. The increase in both AUC0-120 min and Cmax was dose-dependent. Time to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax) of puerarin in the embolic and normal hippocampus was similar. Although the mean residence time in the embolic hippocampus differed from that in the normal hippocampus at 40 and 80 mg/kg, it was higher in the embolic hippocampus than in the normal hippocampus at 20 mg/kg. This is the first study to report that the time- and dose-dependent distribution characteristics of puerarin in the normal and embolic hippocampus after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats dictate puerarin dose and duration to treat stroke.
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Wang HQ, Zhang M, Zhao JX, Wu HQ, Gao Z, Zhang GL, Zhang R. Puerarin Up-regulates Methyl-CpG Binding Protein 2 Phosphorylation in Hippocampus of Vascular Dementia Rats. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 24:372-377. [PMID: 29327124 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2822-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of puerarin on methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) phosphorylation (pMeCP2) in the hippocampus of a rat model of vascular dementia (VD). METHODS Thirty-six healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to the sham-operated group, dementia group and puerarintreated group using a random number table (n=12 per group). The modifified permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion method was used to establish the VD model. The sham-operated and dementia groups were given 2 mL/d of saline, while the puerarin-treated group was given 100 mg/(kg•d) of puerarin for 17 days. The learning and memory abilities were evaluated by the Morris water maze test. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and Western blot analysis were carried out to observe changes in neuron morphology and in level of pMeCP2 in the hippocampus, respectively. RESULTS The morphologies of rat hippocampal neurons in the puerarintreated group were markedly improved compared with the dementia group. The escape latency of the dementia group was significantly longer than the sham-operated group (P<0.05), while the puerarin-treated group was obviously shorter than the dementia group (P<0.05). Cross-platform times of the dementia group were signifificantly decreased compared with the sham-operated group (P<0.05), while the puerarin-treated group was obviously increased compared with the dementia group (P<0.05). IHC staining showed no significant difference in the number of MeCP2 positive cells among 3 groups (P>0.05). The number of pMeCP2 positive cells in the CA1 region of hippocampus in the dementia group was signifificantly increased compared with the sham-operated group, and the puerarin-treated group was signifificantly increased compared with the dementia group (both P<0.05). Western blot analysis showed no signifificant difference of MeCP2 expression among 3 groups (P>0.05). The expression of pMeCP2 in the dementia group was signifificantly increased compared with the sham-operated group, while it in the puerarin-treated group was signifificantly increased compared with the dementia group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Puerarin could play a role in the protection of nerve cells through up-regulating pMeCP2 in the hippocampus, improving neuron morphologies, and enhancing learning and memory ablities in a rat model of VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Hai-Qin Wu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Gui-Lian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
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Ryuk JA, Lixia M, Cao S, Ko BS, Park S. Efficacy and safety of Gegen Qinlian decoction for normalizing hyperglycemia in diabetic patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Complement Ther Med 2017; 33:6-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Kong H, Wang X, Shi R, Zhao Y, Cheng J, Yan X, Liu X, Wang Y, Zhang M, Wang Q, Qu H. Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution Kinetics of Puerarin in Rats Using Indirect Competitive ELISA. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060939. [PMID: 28587251 PMCID: PMC6152676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin (PUE) is a compound isolated from the roots of Pueraria lobata. We studied the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution kinetics of PUE in Sprague-Dawley rats following intraperitoneal administration of three concentrations. Indirect competitive ELISA based on an anti-PUE monoclonal antibody was used to determine the concentration of PUE in the blood, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and striatum. The plasma and tissue distribution kinetic characteristics following a single injection of PUE (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) were calculated using a non-compartment model. In the high-dose (80 mg/kg) and medium-dose (40 mg/kg) groups, the kinetic profile of PUE in blood and kidney samples showed two absorption peaks, while that of the other tissues showed only one peak. In the low-dose (20 mg/kg) group, there was only one peak, irrespective of the sample type. Pharmacokinetic parameters, such as the area under the curve, Cmax, and Tmax varied according to the administered dose. AUC and Cmax values increased dose-dependently. PUE was widely distributed in areas of the brain such as the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and striatum, providing a foundation for guiding the use of PUE in the treatment of cerebral ischaemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Kong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xueqian Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Rongfeng Shi
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jinjun Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xin Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yongzhi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Meiling Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Qingguo Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Huihua Qu
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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