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Wang F, Gan J, Li R, Yang R, Mao X, Liu S, Chen Y, Duan Z, Li J. Naringin from Ganshuang granule inhibits inflammatory to relieve liver fibrosis through TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304185. [PMID: 38857261 PMCID: PMC11164354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to investigate the specific protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Ganshuang granule (GSG) on dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rat models. METHODS Hepatic fibrosis was experimentally evoked in rats by DMN administration, and varying dosages of GSG were employed as an intervention. Hepatocellular damage was assessed by measuring serum levels of aminotransferase and bilirubin, accompanied by histopathological examinations of hepatic tissue. The hepatic concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were quantitated via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) within hepatic tissue was evaluated using immunohistochemical techniques. The levels of hepatic interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and a spectrum of interleukins (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Additionally, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were cultured in vitro and exposed to TNF-α in the presence of naringin, a principal component of GSG. The gene expression levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and matrix metallopeptidase-1 (MMP-1) in these cells were also quantified by qRT-PCR. Proliferative activity of HSCs was evaluated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Finally, alterations in Smad protein expression were analyzed through Western blotting. RESULTS Administration of GSG in rats with fibrosis resulted in reduced levels of serum aminotransferases and bilirubin, along with alleviation of histopathological liver injury. Furthermore, the fibrosis rats treated with GSG exhibited significant downregulation of hepatic TGF-β1, PDGF, and TNF-α levels. Additionally, GSG treatment led to increased mRNA levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4, as well as decreased expression of α-SMA in the liver. Furthermore, treatment with naringin, a pivotal extract of GSG, resulted in elevated expression of MMP-1 and decreased levels of TIMP-1 in TNF-α-stimulated HSCs when compared to the control group. Additionally, naringin administration led to a reduction in Smad expression within the HSCs. CONCLUSION GSG has the potential to mitigate fibrosis induced by DMN in rat models through the regulation of inflammatory and fibrosis factors. Notably, naringin, the primary extract of GSG, may exert a pivotal role in modulating the TGF-β-Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchun Wang
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baiyin Pingchuan District People’s Hospital, Baiyin, Gansu, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaorong Mao
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Infectious Disease Research Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Su C, Yang Q. Clinical study of ganshuang granule combined with tenofovir in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1032789. [PMID: 36588741 PMCID: PMC9794573 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1032789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the clinical efficacy of Ganshuang granules combined with tenofovir, an antiviral drug, in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: A total of 92 patients with chronic hepatitis B combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver who were treated in our Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 were included as the research objects. According to the method of random number table, the patients were divided into the control group (n = 42) and the treatment group (n = 50). The control group was treated with silibinin meglumine tablets and tenofovir, while the treatment group was treated with Ganshuang granules combined with silybin meglumine tablets and tenofovir. Before and after treatment, liver function index, liver hardness measurement (LSM), controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), HBV-DNA serum load and body mass index (BMI) were observed. Results: Compared with the baseline, ALT, AST and GGT were significantly improved in both groups after treatment (p < 0.05), while TBIL indexes were not significantly different before and after treatment (p > 0.05). Patients in the treatment group had significantly lower ALT and AST index values than the control group at 12 and 24 weeks of treatment (p < 0.05). At 12 and 24 weeks of treatment, the fat attenuation parameters of the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The fat attenuation parameters in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 12 and 24 weeks after treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The effect of Ganshuang granule combined with antiviral drugs in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver is significantly better than that of antiviral drugs alone, which is worthy of clinical recommendation. Systematic Review Registration: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT05523648.
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Zhao J, Miao J, Wei X, Guo L, Li P, Lei J, Wang J, Zhu B, Wang L, Jia J. Traditional Chinese Medicine Ganshuang Granules Attenuate CCl 4 -Induced Hepatic Fibrosis by Modulating Gut Microbiota. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100520. [PMID: 34585845 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis contributes to hepatic fibrosis. Emerging evidence revealed the major role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in gut microbiota homeostasis. Here, we aimed to investigate the anti-fibrotic activity and underlying mechanism of ganshuang granules (GS), particularly regarding gut microbiota homeostasis. CCl4 -induced hepatic fibrosis models were allocated into 4 groups receiving normal saline (model), 1.0, 2.0, or 4.0 g/kg GS for 5 weeks. As result, GS treatment alleviated liver injury in CCl4 -induced hepatic fibrosis, presenting as decreases of the liver index, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate transaminase. Histological staining and expression revealed that the enhanced oxidative stress, inflammatory and hepatic fibrosis in CCl4 -induced models were attenuated by GS. Immunohistochemical staining showed that tight junction-associated proteins in intestinal mucosa were up-regulated by GS. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that GS rebalanced the gut dysbiosis manifested as improving alpha and beta diversity of gut microbiota, reducing the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, and regulating the relative abundance of various bacteria. In summary, GS decreased the intestinal permeability and rebalanced the gut microbiota to reduce the oxidative stress and inflammation, eventually attenuating CCl4 -induced hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10, Poyanghu Road, Town West Area, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Liying Guo
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jinyan Lei
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No. 7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jianwei Jia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, No.7, Sudi Nan Road, Naikai District, Tianjin, 300192, China
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Tang S, Huang Z, Jiang J, Gao J, Zhao C, Tai Y, Ma X, Zhang L, Ye Y, Gan C, Su W, Jia X, Liu R, Wu H, Tang C. Celecoxib ameliorates liver cirrhosis via reducing inflammation and oxidative stress along spleen-liver axis in rats. Life Sci 2021; 272:119203. [PMID: 33577848 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Splenomegaly is usually taken as a consequence of liver cirrhosis. However, as a risk factor for cirrhosis, the impacts of spleen-liver axis on the development of cirrhosis are largely unknown. This study focused on the impacts of splenomegaly on the development of cirrhosis and assessment of the effects of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, on the splenomegaly and cirrhotic liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liver cirrhosis was induced by thioacetamide (TAA). Sixty rats were randomly divided into control, TAA-16w, TAA + celecoxib groups and normal, TAA + sham, TAA + splenectomy groups. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) or hepatocytes were co-cultured with splenocytes from those groups. RESULTS Splenocytes of cirrhotic rats stimulated the HSCs activation and induced hepatocyte apoptosis via enhancing oxidative stress. The hepatic levels of NOX-4 and the in situ O2- were profoundly reduced in TAA + splenectomy group by 50.6% and 18.5% respectively, p < 0.05. Celecoxib significantly decreased the hepatic fibrotic septa induced with TAA by 50.8%, p < 0.05. Splenic lymphoid tissue proliferation and proinflammatory cytokines of the cirrhotic rats were also obviously suppressed by celecoxib, p < 0.05. Compared with the HSC or hepatocyte cell line co-cultured with the cirrhotic splenocytes, the expression of alpha-SMA, NOX-4, in situ O2- or the levels of cleaved caspase3 and NOX-4 were significantly decreased in those cell lines co-cultured with cirrhotic splenocytes treated by celecoxib, p < 0.05. CONCLUSION Splenomegaly contributed to the development of liver cirrhosis through enhancing oxidative stress in liver. Celecoxib could effectively ameliorate liver cirrhosis via reducing inflammatory cytokines and immune cells derived from spleen and suppressing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihang Tang
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyin Huang
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingsun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhang Gao
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Tai
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linhao Zhang
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanting Ye
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Can Gan
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Su
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xintong Jia
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Lab. of gastroenterology & Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Zeng S, Liu Y, Jiang C, Li B, Wen L, Feng Q. Clinical efficacy and safety of Ganshuang granules as an adjuvant treatment for chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22692. [PMID: 33031339 PMCID: PMC7544267 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis is significant public concern. Ganshuang granules (GSG) are used to treat liver fibrosis for a long time. The aim of this study is to synthesize related data to explore efficacy and safety of GSG as an adjuvant treatment for chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis. METHODS Electronic database were used to identify related studies. We chose PubMed, China Knowledge Network Infrastructure, China Biomedical Database, Wan Fang Data, VIP Database, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library as retrieval tool. Two independent individuals conducted the publication selection, data extraction, data assessment. Any problems between 2 researchers will be resolved by a third reviewer through negotiation. RevMan 5.3 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) software will be used for data analysis. RESULTS This study will systematically detect the efficacy and safety of GSG for treating chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study will provide scientific evidence to explorer whether GSG are efficacy and safety in treating chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202090027.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yefang Liu
- No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM (West District), Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cen Jiang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Baixue Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Li Wen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Shi H, Shi H, Ren F, Chen D, Chen Y, Duan Z. Naringin in Ganshuang Granule suppresses activation of hepatic stellate cells for anti-fibrosis effect by inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:500-509. [PMID: 27687505 PMCID: PMC5323881 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A previous study has demonstrated that Ganshuang granule (GSG) plays an anti-fibrotic role partially by deactivation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In HSCs activation, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-autophagy plays an important role. We attempted to investigate the role of mTOR-autophagy in anti-fibrotic effect of GSG. The cirrhotic mouse model was prepared to demonstrate the anti-fibrosis effect of GSG. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses were used to identify the active component of GSG. The primary mouse HSCs were isolated and naringin was added into activated HSCs to observe its anti-fibrotic effect. 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was added, respectively, into fully activated HSCs to explore the role of autophagy and mTOR. GSG played an anti-fibrotic role through deactivation of HSCs in cirrhotic mouse model. The concentration of naringin was highest in GSG by HPLC analyses and naringin markedly suppressed HSCs activation in vitro, which suggested that naringin was the main active component of GSG. The deactivation of HSCs caused by naringin was not because of the autophagic activation but mTOR inhibition, which was supported by the following evidence: first, naringin induced autophagic activation, but when autophagy was blocked by 3-MA, deactivation of HSCs was not attenuated or reversed. Second, naringin inhibited mTOR pathway, meanwhile when mTOR was activated by IGF-1, deactivation of HSCs was reversed. In conclusion, we have demonstrated naringin in GSG suppressed activation of HSCs for anti-fibrosis effect by inhibition of mTOR, indicating a potential therapeutic application for liver cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Shi
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - Honglin Shi
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongping Duan
- Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China
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