1
|
Soghigian J, Sither C, Justi SA, Morinaga G, Cassel BK, Vitek CJ, Livdahl T, Xia S, Gloria-Soria A, Powell JR, Zavortink T, Hardy CM, Burkett-Cadena ND, Reeves LE, Wilkerson RC, Dunn RR, Yeates DK, Sallum MA, Byrd BD, Trautwein MD, Linton YM, Reiskind MH, Wiegmann BM. Phylogenomics reveals the history of host use in mosquitoes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6252. [PMID: 37803007 PMCID: PMC10558525 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41764-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes have profoundly affected human history and continue to threaten human health through the transmission of a diverse array of pathogens. The phylogeny of mosquitoes has remained poorly characterized due to difficulty in taxonomic sampling and limited availability of genomic data beyond the most important vector species. Here, we used phylogenomic analysis of 709 single copy ortholog groups from 256 mosquito species to produce a strongly supported phylogeny that resolves the position of the major disease vector species and the major mosquito lineages. Our analyses support an origin of mosquitoes in the early Triassic (217 MYA [highest posterior density region: 188-250 MYA]), considerably older than previous estimates. Moreover, we utilize an extensive database of host associations for mosquitoes to show that mosquitoes have shifted to feeding upon the blood of mammals numerous times, and that mosquito diversification and host-use patterns within major lineages appear to coincide in earth history both with major continental drift events and with the diversification of vertebrate classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Soghigian
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Charles Sither
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Silvia Andrade Justi
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Institution Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD, USA
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gen Morinaga
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brian K Cassel
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Christopher J Vitek
- Center for Vector-Borne Diseases, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Todd Livdahl
- Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Siyang Xia
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrea Gloria-Soria
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Entomology, Center for Vector Biology & Zoonotic Diseases, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Powell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thomas Zavortink
- Bohart Museum of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Nathan D Burkett-Cadena
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Lawrence E Reeves
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Richard C Wilkerson
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Institution Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD, USA
| | - Robert R Dunn
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - David K Yeates
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Collections and Marine Infrastructure, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Maria Anice Sallum
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saude Publica, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brian D Byrd
- College of Health and Human Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Western Carolina University, Cullowhee, NC, USA
| | - Michelle D Trautwein
- Entomology Department, Institute for Biodiversity Science and Sustainability, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yvonne-Marie Linton
- Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian Institution Museum Support Center, Suitland, MD, USA
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael H Reiskind
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Brian M Wiegmann
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alminas OSV, Heffelfinger JR, Statham MJ, Latch EK. Phylogeography of Cedros and Tiburón Island Mule Deer in North America's Desert Southwest. J Hered 2021; 112:260-275. [PMID: 33755178 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Though mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) persist in robust populations throughout most of their North American distribution, habitat loss, unregulated hunting, and other factors have reduced their historical range in México. Two of the 6 putative subspecies inhabiting México's deserts and Baja California peninsula are of conservation concern, occupying islands in the Pacific Ocean (Odocoileus hemionus cerrosensis on Cedros Island: endangered) and Sea of Cortés (Odocoileus hemionus sheldoni on Tiburón Island: threatened). Focusing on the desert southwest (n = 448), we sampled Tiburón (n = 22) and Cedros (n = 15) Island mule deer using contemporary samples and natural history museum specimens to complete a phylogeographic evaluation of the species complex, and assess the phylogeography of these insular subspecies. Both insular subspecies formed endemic haplotype lineages, consistent with island biogeographic theory. Bayesian skyline plots were consistent with Holocene demographic expansion. Cedros Island deer were genetically most similar to adjacent mainland Baja California deer, but exhibited a suite of unique haplotypes and reduced genetic variation. Tiburón Island deer haplotypes unexpectedly nested within a mainland lineage found in distant New Mexico, rather than the adjacent mainland Sonoran lineage. Such findings suggest the importance of postglacial climate fluctuations and biotic community turnover in the phylogeographic history of mule deer in the desert southwest. Our genetic data corroborates cultural, archaeological, and phenotypic evidence supporting Cedros and Tiburón deer endemicity and subspecies status. Reduced genetic variation, divergence from mainland populations, and demographic trends on both islands indicate that conservation, monitoring, and management are critical to ensure persistence of these endemic insular subspecies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ona S V Alminas
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife, 715 P Street, Sacramento, CA.,the Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | | | - Mark J Statham
- the Mammalian Ecology and Conservation Unit, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California, One Shields Avenue/Old Davis Road, Davis, CA 95616-8744
| | - Emily K Latch
- the Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hillman SS, Drewes RC, Hedrick MS, Hancock TV. Physiological vagility and its relationship to dispersal and neutral genetic heterogeneity in vertebrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 217:3356-64. [PMID: 25013113 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.105908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vagility is the inherent power of movement by individuals. Vagility and the available duration of movement determine the dispersal distance individuals can move to interbreed, which affects the fine-scale genetic structure of vertebrate populations. Vagility and variation in population genetic structure are normally explained by geographic variation and not by the inherent power of movement by individuals. We present a new, quantitative definition for physiological vagility that incorporates aerobic capacity, body size, body temperature and the metabolic cost of transport, variables that are independent of the physical environment. Physiological vagility is the speed at which an animal can move sustainably based on these parameters. This meta-analysis tests whether this definition of physiological vagility correlates with empirical data for maximal dispersal distances and measured microsatellite genetic differentiation with distance {[F(ST)/[1-F(ST))]/ln distance} for amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals utilizing three locomotor modes (running, flying, swimming). Maximal dispersal distance and physiological vagility increased with body mass for amphibians, reptiles and mammals utilizing terrestrial movement. The relative slopes of these relationships indicate that larger individuals require longer movement durations to achieve maximal dispersal distances. Both physiological vagility and maximal dispersal distance were independent of body mass for flying vertebrates. Genetic differentiation with distance was greatest for terrestrial locomotion, with amphibians showing the greatest mean and variance in differentiation. Flying birds, flying mammals and swimming marine mammals showed the least differentiation. Mean physiological vagility of different groups (class and locomotor mode) accounted for 98% of the mean variation in genetic differentiation with distance in each group. Genetic differentiation with distance was not related to body mass. The physiological capacity for movement (physiological vagility) quantitatively predicts genetic isolation by distance in the vertebrates examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley S Hillman
- Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Robert C Drewes
- Department of Herpetology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Michael S Hedrick
- Department of Biological Science, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
| | - Thomas V Hancock
- Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Phylogeography of the Cactophilic Drosophila and Other Arthropods Associated with Cactus Necroses in the Sonoran Desert. INSECTS 2011; 2:218-31. [PMID: 26467624 PMCID: PMC4553460 DOI: 10.3390/insects2020218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the population genetics, phylogenetic relationships, systematics and evolution of arthropods that inhabit necrotic tissue of cacti in the Sonoran Desert of North America are reviewed. These studies have focused upon several species of insects (orders Diptera and Coleoptera) and arachnids (order Pseudoscorpiones). For most taxa studied, little genetic structure and high dispersal ability are found in populations inhabiting the mainland and Baja California peninsula regions of the Sonoran Desert, consistent with the availability of the rotting cactus microhabitat which is patchily distributed and ephemeral. There is evidence, however, that the Gulf of California, which bisects the Sonoran Desert, has played a role in limiting gene flow and promoting speciation in several taxa, including histerid beetles, whereas other taxa, especially Drosophila nigrospiracula and D. mettleri, apparently are able to freely cross the Gulf, probably by taking advantage of the Midriff Islands in the northern Gulf as dispersal “stepping stones”. Genetic evidence has also been found for historical population expansions dating to the Pleistocene and late Pliocene in several taxa. Overall, these studies have provided important insights into how arthropods with different life history traits, but generally restricted to a necrotic cactus microhabitat, have evolved in an environmentally harsh and tectonically active region. In addition, they suggest some taxa for further, and more detailed, hypothesis driven studies of speciation.
Collapse
|