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Liotta MN, Abbott JK, Morris MR, Rios‐Cardenas O. Antagonistic selection on body size and sword length in a wild population of the swordtail fish, Xiphophorus multilineatus: Potential for intralocus tactical conflict. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:3941-3955. [PMID: 33976786 PMCID: PMC8093718 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) have provided valuable insights into how sexual selection and life history trade-offs can lead to variation within a sex. However, the possibility that tactics may constrain evolution through intralocus tactical conflict (IATC) is rarely considered. In addition, when IATC has been considered, the focus has often been on the genetic correlations between the ARTs, while evidence that the ARTs have different optima for associated traits and that at least one of the tactics is not at its optimum is often missing. Here, we investigate selection on three traits associated with the ARTs in the swordtail fish Xiphophorus multilineatus; body size, body shape, and the sexually selected trait for which these fishes were named, sword length (elongation of the caudal fin). All three traits are tactically dimorphic, with courter males being larger, deeper bodied and having longer swords, and the sneaker males being smaller, more fusiform and having shorter swords. Using measures of reproductive success in a wild population we calculated selection differentials, as well as linear and quadratic gradients. We demonstrated that the tactics have different optima and at least one of the tactics is not at its optimum for body size and sword length. Our results provide the first evidence of selection in the wild on the sword, an iconic trait for sexual selection. In addition, given the high probability that these traits are genetically correlated to some extent between the two tactics, our study suggests that IATC is constraining both body size and the sword from reaching their phenotypic optima. We discuss the importance of considering the role of IATC in the evolution of tactical dimorphism, how this conflict can be present despite tactical dimorphism, and how it is important to consider this conflict when explaining not only variation within a species but differences across species as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N. Liotta
- Department of Biological SciencesThe Ohio Center for Ecological and Evolutionary StudiesOhio UniversityAthensOHUSA
| | | | - Molly R. Morris
- Department of Biological SciencesThe Ohio Center for Ecological and Evolutionary StudiesOhio UniversityAthensOHUSA
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Chen CT, Robitzch V, Sturaro N, Lepoint G, Berumen ML, Frédérich B. ‘Homemade’: the phenotypic diversity of coral reef damselfish populations is driven by the local environment. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ting Chen
- Laboratoire d’Océanologie, FOCUS, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Robitzch
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, E Pugin, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Nicolas Sturaro
- Laboratoire d’Océanologie, FOCUS, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Lepoint
- Laboratoire d’Océanologie, FOCUS, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Michael L Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bruno Frédérich
- Laboratoire de Morphologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, FOCUS, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Getlekha N, Cioffi MDB, Yano CF, Maneechot N, Bertollo LAC, Supiwong W, Tanomtong A, Molina WF. Chromosome mapping of repetitive DNAs in sergeant major fishes (Abudefdufinae, Pomacentridae): a general view on the chromosomal conservatism of the genus. Genetica 2016; 144:567-576. [PMID: 27660254 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-016-9925-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Species of the Abudefduf genus (sergeant-majors) are widely distributed in the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic oceans, with large schools inhabiting rocky coastal regions and coral reefs. This genus consists of twenty recognized species are of generalist habit, showing typical characteristics of colonizers. Some populations maintain gene flow between large oceanic areas, a condition that may influence their cytogenetic features. A number of species have been shown to be invaders and able to hybridize with local species. However, cytogenetic data in this genus are restricted to few species. In this way, the present study includes the chromosomal investigation, using conventional (Giemsa staining, Ag-NOR and C-banding) and molecular (in situ mapping of six different repetitive DNA classes) approaches in four Abudefduf species from different oceanic regions (A. bengalensis and A. sexfasciatus from the Indo-Pacific, A. vaigiensis from the Indian and A. saxatilis from the Atlantic oceans, respectively), to investigate the evolutionary events associated with the chromosomal diversification in this group. All species share a similar karyotype (2n = 48; NF = 52), except A. sexfasciatus (2n = 48; NF = 50), which possesses a characteristic pericentric inversion in the NOR-bearing chromosomal pair. Mapping of repetitive sequences suggests a chromosomal conservatism in this genus. The high karyotypic similarity between allopatric species of Abudefduf may be related to the success of natural viable hybrids among species with recent secondary contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuntaporn Getlekha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Marcelo de Bello Cioffi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cassia Fernanda Yano
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nuntiya Maneechot
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Weerayuth Supiwong
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Nong Khai Campus, Muang, Nong Khai, Thailand
| | - Alongklod Tanomtong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Toxic Substances in Livestock and Aquatic Animals Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Muang, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wagner Franco Molina
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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