1
|
Coutelier H, Ilioaia O, Le Peillet J, Hamon M, D’Amours D, Teixeira MT, Xu Z. The Polo kinase Cdc5 is regulated at multiple levels in the adaptation response to telomere dysfunction. Genetics 2022; 223:6808627. [PMID: 36342193 PMCID: PMC9836022 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere dysfunction activates the DNA damage checkpoint to induce a cell cycle arrest. After an extended period of time, however, cells can bypass the arrest and undergo cell division despite the persistence of the initial damage, a process called adaptation to DNA damage. The Polo kinase Cdc5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for adaptation and for many other cell cycle processes. How the regulation of Cdc5 in response to telomere dysfunction relates to adaptation is not clear. Here, we report that Cdc5 protein level decreases after telomere dysfunction in a Mec1-, Rad53- and Ndd1-dependent manner. This regulation of Cdc5 is important to maintain long-term cell cycle arrest but not for the initial checkpoint arrest. We find that both Cdc5 and the adaptation-deficient mutant protein Cdc5-ad are heavily phosphorylated and several phosphorylation sites modulate adaptation efficiency. The PP2A phosphatases are involved in Cdc5-ad phosphorylation status and contribute to adaptation mechanisms. We finally propose that Cdc5 orchestrates multiple cell cycle pathways to promote adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marion Hamon
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, FR550, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Damien D’Amours
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Maria Teresa Teixeira
- Sorbonne Université, PSL, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Zhou Xu
- Corresponding author: Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7238, Institut de Biologie Paris‐Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, 75005 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yam CQX, Lim HH, Surana U. DNA damage checkpoint execution and the rules of its disengagement. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1020643. [PMID: 36274841 PMCID: PMC9582513 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1020643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomes are susceptible to damage during their duplication and segregation or when exposed to genotoxic stresses. Left uncorrected, these lesions can result in genomic instability, leading to cells’ diminished fitness, unbridled proliferation or death. To prevent such fates, checkpoint controls transiently halt cell cycle progression to allow time for the implementation of corrective measures. Prominent among these is the DNA damage checkpoint which operates at G2/M transition to ensure that cells with damaged chromosomes do not enter the mitotic phase. The execution and maintenance of cell cycle arrest are essential aspects of G2/M checkpoint and have been studied in detail. Equally critical is cells’ ability to switch-off the checkpoint controls after a successful completion of corrective actions and to recommence cell cycle progression. Interestingly, when corrective measures fail, cells can mount an unusual cellular response, termed adaptation, where they escape checkpoint arrest and resume cell cycle progression with damaged chromosomes at the cost of genome instability or even death. Here, we discuss the DNA damage checkpoint, the mitotic networks it inhibits to prevent segregation of damaged chromosomes and the strategies cells employ to quench the checkpoint controls to override the G2/M arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Hwa Lim
- A*STAR Singapore Immunology Network, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Uttam Surana
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Uttam Surana,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Léculier A, Roux P. Adaptation to DNA Damage, an Asymptotic Approach for a Cooperative Non-local System. ACTA APPLICANDAE MATHEMATICAE 2022; 180:1. [PMID: 35756144 PMCID: PMC9213332 DOI: 10.1007/s10440-022-00501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Following previous works about integro-differential equations of parabolic type modelling the Darwinian evolution of a population, we study a two-population system in the cooperative case. First, we provide a theoretical study of the limit of rare mutations and we prove that the limit is described by a constrained Hamilton-Jacobi equation. This equation is given by an eigenvalue of a matrix which accounts for the diffusion parameters and the coefficients of the system. Then, we focus on a particular application: the understanding of a phenomenon called Adaptation to DNA damage. In this framework, we provide several numerical simulations to illustrate our theoretical results and investigate mathematical and biological questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Léculier
- Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions (LJLL), Sorbonne Université, 75205 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Pierre Roux
- Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, OX2 6GG Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) Induces Cell Death and Sensitizes the Effect of Cisplatin in Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells (A549). Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10420-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
5
|
Müller L, Weever F, Hübner F, Humpf HU, Esselen M. Characterization of Oligomeric Proanthocyanidin-Enriched Fractions from Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott via High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry and Investigations on Their Inhibitory Potential on Human Topoisomerases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:11053-11064. [PMID: 34495660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aronia melanocarpa (MICHX.) ELLIOTT, which belongs to the Rosaceae family, has increasingly come into focus of research due to the high content of polyphenols. In addition to antioxidative properties, further health-promoting effects of these polyphenols are still of interest. Especially, the proanthocyanidins offer thereby huge opportunities due to their high structural heterogeneity. Therefore, the present study focuses on the topoisomerase inhibiting effects of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are potentially depended on their degree of polymerization. The investigated PACs isolated from Aronia berries were characterized by chromatographic techniques and liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Four PAC enriched fractions were obtained from Aronia pomace containing 47 PACs with a degree of polymerization from three to six. Due to the low yield of hexamers, the potential inhibiting effects against human topoisomerase were investigated for the trimer to pentamer fractions. The relaxation and decatenation assays were performed to examine the inhibiting effect on topoisomerases under cell-free conditions. Moreover, rapid isolation of topoisomerase cleavage complexes in human colon carcinoma HT29 cells was performed to evaluate the effect on topoisomerases in a cell-based system. The fractions demonstrated inhibitory potential on topoisomerases I and II. In sum, an increasing effect strength depending on the degree of polymerization was shown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Müller
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Fabian Weever
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Florian Hübner
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Melanie Esselen
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 45, Münster 48149, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Roux P, Salort D, Xu Z. Adaptation to DNA damage as a bet-hedging mechanism in a fluctuating environment. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:210460. [PMID: 34457341 PMCID: PMC8385375 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In response to DNA damage, efficient repair is essential for cell survival and genome integrity. In eukaryotes, the DNA damage checkpoint is a signalling pathway that coordinates this response and arrests the cell cycle to provide time for repair. However, when repair fails or when the damage is not repairable, cells can eventually bypass the DNA damage checkpoint and undergo cell division despite persistent damage, a process called adaptation to DNA damage. Interestingly, adaptation occurs with a delayed timing compared with repair and shows a large variation in time, two properties that may provide a survival advantage at the population level without interfering with repair. Here, we explore this idea by mathematically modelling cell survival in response to DNA damage and focusing on adaptation parameters. We find that the delayed adaptation timing indeed maximizes survival, but its heterogeneity is beneficial only in a fluctuating damage-inducing environment. Finally, we show that adaptation does not only contribute to survival but also to genome instability and mutations, which might represent another criterion for its selection throughout evolution. Overall, we propose that adaptation can act as a bet-hedging mechanism for cell survival in response to DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Roux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7238, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, 75005 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Mathématiques d’Orsay (LMO), Université Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Delphine Salort
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7238, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Zhou Xu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7238, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Arroyo M, Cañuelo A, Calahorra J, Hastert F, Sánchez A, Clarke DJ, Marchal J. Mitotic entry upon Topo II catalytic inhibition is controlled by Chk1 and Plk1. FEBS J 2020; 287:4933-4951. [PMID: 32144855 PMCID: PMC7483426 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic inhibition of topoisomerase II during G2 phase delays onset of mitosis due to the activation of the so-called decatenation checkpoint. This checkpoint is less known compared with the extensively studied G2 DNA damage checkpoint and is partially compromised in many tumor cells. We recently identified MCPH1 as a key regulator that confers cells with the capacity to adapt to the decatenation checkpoint. In the present work, we have explored the contributions of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) and polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), in order to better understand the molecular basis of decatenation checkpoint. Our results demonstrate that Chk1 function is required to sustain the G2 arrest induced by catalytic inhibition of Topo II. Interestingly, Chk1 loss of function restores adaptation in cells lacking MCPH1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Plk1 function is required to bypass the decatenation checkpoint arrest in cells following Chk1 inhibition. Taken together, our data suggest that MCPH1 is critical to allow checkpoint adaptation by counteracting Chk1-mediated inactivation of Plk1. Importantly, we also provide evidence that MCPH1 function is not required to allow recovery from this checkpoint, which lends support to the notion that checkpoint adaptation and recovery are different mechanisms distinguished in part by specific effectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Arroyo
- Departamento de Biología ExperimentalUniversidad de Jaén, Spain
| | - A. Cañuelo
- Departamento de Biología ExperimentalUniversidad de Jaén, Spain
| | - J. Calahorra
- Departamento de Biología ExperimentalUniversidad de Jaén, Spain
| | - F.D. Hastert
- Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A. Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología ExperimentalUniversidad de Jaén, Spain
| | - D. J. Clarke
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, US
| | - J.A. Marchal
- Departamento de Biología ExperimentalUniversidad de Jaén, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rincón AM, Monje-Casas F. A guiding torch at the poles: the multiple roles of spindle microtubule-organizing centers during cell division. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:1405-1421. [PMID: 32401610 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1754586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The spindle constitutes the cellular machinery that enables the segregation of the chromosomes during eukaryotic cell division. The microtubules that form this fascinating and complex genome distribution system emanate from specialized structures located at both its poles and known as microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs). Beyond their structural function, the spindle MTOCs play fundamental roles in cell cycle control, the activation and functionality of the mitotic checkpoints and during cellular aging. This review highlights the pivotal importance of spindle-associated MTOCs in multiple cellular processes and their central role as key regulatory hubs where diverse intracellular signals are integrated and coordinated to ensure the successful completion of cell division and the maintenance of the replicative lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Rincón
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular Y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER) / CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla - Universidad Pablo de Olavide , Sevilla, Spain.,Dpto. de Genética / Universidad de Sevilla , Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando Monje-Casas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular Y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER) / CSIC - Universidad de Sevilla - Universidad Pablo de Olavide , Sevilla, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Matellán L, Monje-Casas F. Regulation of Mitotic Exit by Cell Cycle Checkpoints: Lessons From Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E195. [PMID: 32059558 PMCID: PMC7074328 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to preserve genome integrity and their ploidy, cells must ensure that the duplicated genome has been faithfully replicated and evenly distributed before they complete their division by mitosis. To this end, cells have developed highly elaborated checkpoints that halt mitotic progression when problems in DNA integrity or chromosome segregation arise, providing them with time to fix these issues before advancing further into the cell cycle. Remarkably, exit from mitosis constitutes a key cell cycle transition that is targeted by the main mitotic checkpoints, despite these surveillance mechanisms being activated by specific intracellular signals and acting at different stages of cell division. Focusing primarily on research carried out using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism, the aim of this review is to provide a general overview of the molecular mechanisms by which the major cell cycle checkpoints control mitotic exit and to highlight the importance of the proper regulation of this process for the maintenance of genome stability during the distribution of the duplicated chromosomes between the dividing cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Monje-Casas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)—University of Seville—University Pablo de Olavide, Avda, Américo Vespucio, 24, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Arroyo M, Kuriyama R, Guerrero I, Keifenheim D, Cañuelo A, Calahorra J, Sánchez A, Clarke DJ, Marchal JA. MCPH1 is essential for cellular adaptation to the G 2-phase decatenation checkpoint. FASEB J 2019; 33:8363-8374. [PMID: 30964711 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802009rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular checkpoints controlling entry into mitosis monitor the integrity of the DNA and delay mitosis onset until the alteration is fully repaired. However, this canonical response can weaken, leading to a spontaneous bypass of the checkpoint, a process referred to as checkpoint adaptation. Here, we have investigated the contribution of microcephalin 1 (MCPH1), mutated in primary microcephaly, to the decatenation checkpoint, a less-understood G2 pathway that delays entry into mitosis until chromosomes are properly disentangled. Our results demonstrate that, although MCPH1 function is dispensable for activation and maintenance of the decatenation checkpoint, it is required for the adaptive response that bypasses the topoisomerase II inhibition----mediated G2 arrest. MCPH1, however, does not confer adaptation to the G2 arrest triggered by the ataxia telangiectasia mutated- and ataxia telangiectasia and rad3 related-based DNA damage checkpoint. In addition to revealing a new role for MCPH1 in cell cycle control, our study provides new insights into the genetic requirements that allow cellular adaptation to G2 checkpoints, a process that remains poorly understood.-Arroyo, M., Kuriyama, R., Guerrero, I., Keifenheim, D., Cañuelo, A., Calahorra, J., Sánchez, A., Clarke, D. J., Marchal, J. A. MCPH1 is essential for cellular adaptation to the G2-phase decatenation checkpoint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Arroyo
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Ryoko Kuriyama
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota-Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Israel Guerrero
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA Centro El Toruño), El Puerto de Santa María, Spain
| | - Daniel Keifenheim
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota-Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ana Cañuelo
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Jesús Calahorra
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Duncan J Clarke
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota-Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - J Alberto Marchal
- Departamento de Biología Experimental, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Coutelier H, Xu Z. Adaptation in replicative senescence: a risky business. Curr Genet 2019; 65:711-716. [PMID: 30637477 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-00933-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell proliferation is tightly regulated to avoid propagating DNA damage and mutations, which can lead to pathologies such as cancer. To ensure genome integrity, cells activate the DNA damage checkpoint in response to genotoxic lesions to block cell cycle progression. This surveillance mechanism provides time to repair the damage before resuming cell cycle with an intact genome. When the damage is not repaired, cells can, in some conditions, override the cell cycle arrest and proceed with proliferation, a phenomenon known as adaptation to DNA damage. A subpopulation of adapted cells might eventually survive, but only at the cost of extensive genome instability. How and in which context adaptation operates the trade-off between survival and genome stability is a fascinating question. After a brief review of the current knowledge on adaptation to DNA damage in budding yeast, we will discuss a new role of adaptation in the context of telomerase-negative cells and replicative senescence. We highlight the idea that, in all settings studied so far, survival through adaptation is a double-edged sword as it comes with increased genomic instability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Coutelier
- Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Zhou Xu
- Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR8226, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, 75005, Paris, France. .,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7238, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Laboratory of Computational and Quantitative Biology, 75005, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Adaptation to DNA damage checkpoint in senescent telomerase-negative cells promotes genome instability. Genes Dev 2018; 32:1499-1513. [PMID: 30463903 PMCID: PMC6295172 DOI: 10.1101/gad.318485.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, Coutelier et al. used a microfluidic-based approach and live-cell imaging in yeast to capture early mutation events during replicative senescence and observed that prolonged checkpoint arrests occurred frequently in telomerase-negative lineages. Their results demonstrate that the adaptation pathway is a major contributor to the genome instability induced during replicative senescence. In cells lacking telomerase, telomeres gradually shorten during each cell division to reach a critically short length, permanently activate the DNA damage checkpoint, and trigger replicative senescence. The increase in genome instability that occurs as a consequence may contribute to the early steps of tumorigenesis. However, because of the low frequency of mutations and the heterogeneity of telomere-induced senescence, the timing and mechanisms of genome instability increase remain elusive. Here, to capture early mutation events during replicative senescence, we used a combined microfluidic-based approach and live-cell imaging in yeast. We analyzed DNA damage checkpoint activation in consecutive cell divisions of individual cell lineages in telomerase-negative yeast cells and observed that prolonged checkpoint arrests occurred frequently in telomerase-negative lineages. Cells relied on the adaptation to the DNA damage pathway to bypass the prolonged checkpoint arrests, allowing further cell divisions despite the presence of unrepaired DNA damage. We demonstrate that the adaptation pathway is a major contributor to the genome instability induced during replicative senescence. Therefore, adaptation plays a critical role in shaping the dynamics of genome instability during replicative senescence.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wakida T, Ikura M, Kuriya K, Ito S, Shiroiwa Y, Habu T, Kawamoto T, Okumura K, Ikura T, Furuya K. The CDK-PLK1 axis targets the DNA damage checkpoint sensor protein RAD9 to promote cell proliferation and tolerance to genotoxic stress. eLife 2017; 6:e29953. [PMID: 29254517 PMCID: PMC5736350 DOI: 10.7554/elife.29953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genotoxic stress causes proliferating cells to activate the DNA damage checkpoint, to assist DNA damage recovery by slowing cell cycle progression. Thus, to drive proliferation, cells must tolerate DNA damage and suppress the checkpoint response. However, the mechanism underlying this negative regulation of checkpoint activation is still elusive. We show that human Cyclin-Dependent-Kinases (CDKs) target the RAD9 subunit of the 9-1-1 checkpoint clamp on Thr292, to modulate DNA damage checkpoint activation. Thr292 phosphorylation on RAD9 creates a binding site for Polo-Like-Kinase1 (PLK1), which phosphorylates RAD9 on Thr313. These CDK-PLK1-dependent phosphorylations of RAD9 suppress checkpoint activation, therefore maintaining high DNA synthesis rates during DNA replication stress. Our results suggest that CDK locally initiates a PLK1-dependent signaling response that antagonizes the ability of the DNA damage checkpoint to detect DNA damage. These findings provide a mechanism for the suppression of DNA damage checkpoint signaling, to promote cell proliferation under genotoxic stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Wakida
- Department of Radiation SystemsRadiation Biology Center, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Laboratory of Chromatin Regulatory Network, Department of MutagenesisRadiation Biology Center, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Masae Ikura
- Laboratory of Chromatin Regulatory Network, Department of MutagenesisRadiation Biology Center, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kenji Kuriya
- Laboratory of Nutritional Chemistry, Department of Life SciencesGraduate School of Bioresources, Mie UniversityTsuJapan
| | - Shinji Ito
- Medical Research Support CenterGraduate School of Medicine, Kyoto UniversitySakyo-kuJapan
| | - Yoshiharu Shiroiwa
- Department of Radiation SystemsRadiation Biology Center, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Toshiyuki Habu
- Department of Radiation SystemsRadiation Biology Center, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Department of Food Science and NutritionMukogawa Women’s UniversityNishinomiyaJapan
| | | | - Katsuzumi Okumura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life SciencesMie UniversityTsuJapan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ikura
- Laboratory of Chromatin Regulatory Network, Department of MutagenesisRadiation Biology Center, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Laboratory of Chromatin Regulatory NetworkGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kanji Furuya
- Department of Radiation SystemsRadiation Biology Center, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Laboratory of Genome MaintenanceGraduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Serrano
- a Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal , Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , QC , Canada
| | - Damien D'Amours
- a Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal , Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , QC , Canada.,b Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire , Université de Montréal , Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal , QC , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rawal CC, Riccardo S, Pesenti C, Ferrari M, Marini F, Pellicioli A. Reduced kinase activity of polo kinase Cdc5 affects chromosome stability and DNA damage response in S. cerevisiae. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2906-2919. [PMID: 27565373 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1222338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinases (PLKs) control several aspects of eukaryotic cell division and DNA damage response. Remarkably, PLKs are overexpressed in several types of cancer, being therefore a marker of bad prognosis. As such, specific PLK kinase activity inhibitors are already used in clinical trials and the regulation of PLK activation is a relevant topic of cancer research. Phosphorylation of threonine residues in the T-loop of the kinase domain is pivotal for PLKs activation. Here, we show that T238A substitution in the T-loop reduces the kinase activity of Cdc5, the only PLK in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with minor effect on cell growth in unperturbed conditions. However, the cdc5-T238A cells have increased rate of chromosome loss and gross chromosomal rearrangements, indicating altered genome stability. Moreover, the T238A mutation affects timely localization of Cdc5 to the spindle pole bodies and blocks cell cycle restart after one irreparable double-strand break. In cells responding to alkylating agent metylmethane sulfonate (MMS), the cdc5-T238A mutation reduces the phosphorylation of Mus81-Mms4 resolvase and exacerbates the MMS sensitivity of sgs1Δ cells that accumulate Holliday junctions. Of importance, the previously described checkpoint adaptation defective allele, cdc5-ad does not show reduced kinase activity, defective Mms4 phosphorylation and genetic interaction with sgs1Δ. Our data define the importance of regulating Cdc5 activity through T-loop phosphorylation to preserve genome integrity and respond to DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan C Rawal
- a Department of Biosciences , University of Milan , Milano , Italy
| | - Sara Riccardo
- a Department of Biosciences , University of Milan , Milano , Italy
| | - Chiara Pesenti
- a Department of Biosciences , University of Milan , Milano , Italy.,b Department of Pathophysiology & Transplantation , Universitá degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,c Division of Pathology , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Matteo Ferrari
- a Department of Biosciences , University of Milan , Milano , Italy
| | - Federica Marini
- a Department of Biosciences , University of Milan , Milano , Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ratsima H, Serrano D, Pascariu M, D'Amours D. Centrosome-Dependent Bypass of the DNA Damage Checkpoint by the Polo Kinase Cdc5. Cell Rep 2016; 14:1422-1434. [PMID: 26832404 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-cycle checkpoints are essential feedback mechanisms that promote genome integrity. However, in the face of unrepairable DNA lesions, bypass mechanisms can suppress checkpoint activity and allow cells to resume proliferation. The molecular mechanisms underlying this biological response are currently not understood. Taking advantage of unique separation-of-function mutants, we show that the Polo-like kinase (PLK) Cdc5 uses a phosphopriming-based interaction mechanism to suppress G2/M checkpoint arrest by targeting Polo kinase activity to centrosomes. We also show that key subunits of the evolutionarily conserved RSC complex are critical downstream effectors of Cdc5 activity in checkpoint suppression. Importantly, the lethality and checkpoint defects associated with loss of Cdc5 Polo box activity can be fully rescued by artificially anchoring Cdc5 kinase domain to yeast centrosomes. Collectively, our results highlight a previously unappreciated role for centrosomes as key signaling centers for the suppression of cell-cycle arrest induced by persistent or unrepairable DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hery Ratsima
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Diego Serrano
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mirela Pascariu
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Damien D'Amours
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dibitetto D, Ferrari M, Rawal CC, Balint A, Kim T, Zhang Z, Smolka MB, Brown GW, Marini F, Pellicioli A. Slx4 and Rtt107 control checkpoint signalling and DNA resection at double-strand breaks. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:669-82. [PMID: 26490958 PMCID: PMC4737138 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA damage checkpoint pathway is activated in response to DNA lesions and replication stress to preserve genome integrity. However, hyper-activation of this surveillance system is detrimental to the cell, because it might prevent cell cycle re-start after repair, which may also lead to senescence. Here we show that the scaffold proteins Slx4 and Rtt107 limit checkpoint signalling at a persistent double-strand DNA break (DSB) and at uncapped telomeres. We found that Slx4 is recruited within a few kilobases of an irreparable DSB, through the interaction with Rtt107 and the multi-BRCT domain scaffold Dpb11. In the absence of Slx4 or Rtt107, Rad9 binding near the irreparable DSB is increased, leading to robust checkpoint signalling and slower nucleolytic degradation of the 5′ strand. Importantly, in slx4Δ sae2Δ double mutant cells these phenotypes are exacerbated, causing a severe Rad9-dependent defect in DSB repair. Our study sheds new light on the molecular mechanism that coordinates the processing and repair of DSBs with DNA damage checkpoint signalling, preserving genome integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dibitetto
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Ferrari
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Chetan C Rawal
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Attila Balint
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - TaeHyung Kim
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Zhaolei Zhang
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Marcus B Smolka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Grant W Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E1, Canada
| | - Federica Marini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
The danger model approach to the pathogenesis of the rheumatic diseases. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:506089. [PMID: 25973436 PMCID: PMC4417989 DOI: 10.1155/2015/506089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The danger model was proposed by Polly Matzinger as complement to the traditional self-non-self- (SNS-) model to explain the immunoreactivity. The danger model proposes a central role of the tissular cells' discomfort as an element to prime the immune response processes in opposition to the traditional SNS-model where foreignness is a prerequisite. However recent insights in the proteomics of diverse tissular cells have revealed that under stressful conditions they have a significant potential to initiate, coordinate, and perpetuate autoimmune processes, in many cases, ruling over the adaptive immune response cells; this ruling potential can also be confirmed by observations in several genetically manipulated animal models. Here, we review the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis including ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, and Crohn's disease and provide realistic approaches based on the logic of the danger model. We assume that tissular dysfunction is a prerequisite for chronic autoimmunity and propose two genetically conferred hypothetical roles for the tissular cells causing the disease: (A) the Impaired cell and (B) the paranoid cell. Both roles are not mutually exclusive. Some examples in human disease and in animal models are provided based on current evidence.
Collapse
|
19
|
Blank HM, Sheltzer JM, Meehl CM, Amon A. Mitotic entry in the presence of DNA damage is a widespread property of aneuploidy in yeast. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:1440-51. [PMID: 25694455 PMCID: PMC4395125 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-10-1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy causes DNA replication defects and premature adaptation to DNA damage, with profound consequences for genome stability. Such abnormalities provide the substrate for translocations and deletions that are a hallmark of cancer. Genetic instability is a hallmark of aneuploidy in budding and fission yeast. All aneuploid yeast strains analyzed to date harbor elevated levels of Rad52-GFP foci, a sign of DNA damage. Here we investigate how continuously elevated levels of DNA damage affect aneuploid cells. We show that Rad52-GFP foci form during S phase, consistent with the observation that DNA replication initiation and elongation are impaired in some aneuploid yeast strains. We furthermore find that although DNA damage is low in aneuploid cells, it nevertheless has dramatic consequences. Many aneuploid yeast strains adapt to DNA damage and undergo mitosis despite the presence of unrepaired DNA leading to cell death. Wild-type cells exposed to low levels of DNA damage exhibit a similar phenotype, indicating that adaptation to low levels of unrepaired DNA is a general property of the cell's response to DNA damage. Our results indicate that by causing low levels of DNA damage, whole-chromosome aneuploidies lead to DNA breaks that persist into mitosis. Such breaks provide the substrate for translocations and deletions that are a hallmark of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi M Blank
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Jason M Sheltzer
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Colleen M Meehl
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Angelika Amon
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| |
Collapse
|