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Nelson VK, Nuli MV, Ausali S, Gupta S, Sanga V, Mishra R, Jaini PK, Madhuri Kallam SD, Sudhan HH, Mayasa V, Abomughaid MM, Almutary AG, Pullaiah CP, Mitta R, Jha NK. Dietary anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial medicinal plants and its compounds in bovine mastitis associated impact on human life. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106687. [PMID: 38750773 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis (BM) is the most common bacterial mediated inflammatory disease in the dairy cattle that causes huge economic loss to the dairy industry due to decreased milk quality and quantity. Milk is the essential food in the human diet, and rich in crucial nutrients that helps in lowering the risk of diseases like hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The main causative agents of the disease include various gram negative, and positive bacteria, along with other risk factors such as udder shape, age, genetic, and environmental factors also contributes much for the disease. Currently, antibiotics, immunotherapy, probiotics, dry cow, and lactation therapy are commonly recommended for BM. However, these treatments can only decrease the rise of new cases but can't eliminate the causative agents, and they also exhibit several limitations. Hence, there is an urgent need of a potential source that can generate a typical and ideal treatment to overcome the limitations and eliminate the pathogens. Among the various sources, medicinal plants and its derived products always play a significant role in drug discovery against several diseases. In addition, they are also known for its low toxicity and minimum resistance features. Therefore, plants and its compounds that possess anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties can serve better in bovine mastitis. In addition, the plants that are serving as a food source and possessing pharmacological properties can act even better in bovine mastitis. Hence, in this evidence-based study, we particularly review the dietary medicinal plants and derived products that are proven for anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects. Moreover, the role of each dietary plant and its compounds along with possible role in the management of bovine mastitis are delineated. In this way, this article serves as a standalone source for the researchers working in this area to help in the management of BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Center for global health research, saveetha medical college, saveetha institute of medical and technical sciences, India.
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Saijyothi Ausali
- College of Pharmacy, MNR higher education and research academy campus, MNR Nagar, Sangareddy, 502294, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vaishnavi Sanga
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Richa Mishra
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, Gujrat, India
| | - Pavan Kumar Jaini
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Raffles University, Neemrana, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudha Divya Madhuri Kallam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Guntur, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, 522213, India
| | - Hari Hara Sudhan
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Vinyas Mayasa
- GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM University Hyderabad Campus, Rudraram, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box, 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chitikela P Pullaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Siddha Central Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 60016, India
| | - Raghavendra Mitta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering & Technology (SSET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India.
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Slama M, Slougui N, Benaissa A, Nekkaa A, Sellam F, Canabady-Rochelle L. Borago Officinalis L.: A Review Oon Extraction, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Activities. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301822. [PMID: 38426739 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Borago officinalis L., an annual herb belonging to the Boraginaceae family, is used in the traditional medical practices of various countries and for multiple treatments, including respiratory disorders, colds, influenza, diarrhea, cramps, inflammation, palpitation, hypertension menopause, and post-menopausal symptoms. Its pharmacological properties and biological activities - among them antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, antigenotoxic, and anti-obesity activity - were demonstrated in vitro and in vivo and are related to its rich content of bioactive compounds (mainly phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, alkaloids, and terpenes) extracted from various parts of B. officinalis including leaves, flowers, seeds, and roots. This review summarizes all updated information on applied extraction processes, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicity of B. officinalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Slama
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés pour le Développement Durable et Les Produits de Santé, Ecole Nationale Polytechnique de Constantine, Constantine, 25016, Algeria
| | - Nabila Slougui
- Laboratoire de Bio Géochimie des Milieux Désertiques, Université Kasdi Merbah Ouargla, Route de Ghardaia, Ouargla, 30000, Algeria
- Ecole Nationale Polytechnique de Constantine, Ville Universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP 75 A RP Ali Mendjeli, Constantine, 25016, Algeria
| | - Akila Benaissa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Sustainable Development Laboratory (ReMeDD), Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Process Engineering, Constantine 3 University, Constantine, 25000, Algeria
| | - Amine Nekkaa
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Feriel Sellam
- Genetic diagnosis and microscopy laboratory, Health and biotechnology division, National Research Center of Biotechnology, Constantine, Algeria
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Monari S, Ferri M, Salinitro M, Tassoni A. New Insights on Primary and Secondary Metabolite Contents of Seven Italian Wild Food Plants with Medicinal Applications: A Comparative Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3180. [PMID: 37765345 PMCID: PMC10537336 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Wild food plants are widely consumed all over the world and many have both nutritional and therapeutic value due to the presence of biologically active compounds. The present research, for the first time, aims to compare primary and secondary metabolite levels among different plant organs (flower, leaf, stem, root, bark) of seven species (Borago officinalis L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Hypericum perforatum L., Malva sylvestris L., Sambucus nigra L., Urtica dioica L.) collected in three different Italian regions (Liguria, Tuscany, Apulia). Plant organ samples were extracted with water or 95% (v/v) methanol and liquid fractions were analyzed using spectrophotometric assays. The best results were obtained for Hypericum perforatum L. samples, followed by Sambucus nigra L. and Borago officinalis L. As also confirmed via PCA analysis on normalized data, flower and leaf extracts of all species exhibited higher levels of polyphenols (up to 105.7 mg GA eq/gDW), reducing sugars (up to 389.2 mg GLUC eq/gDW), proteins (up to 675.7 mg BSA eq/gDW) and of antioxidant capacity (up to 263.5 mg AA eq/gDW). No differences among the regions of gathering were detected after spectrophotometric assays, which was confirmed via PCA analysis. These data contribute to further validate the traditionally reported healing effects of these species on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Annalisa Tassoni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio n. 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (S.M.); (M.F.); (M.S.)
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Rong J, Fu F, Han C, Wu Y, Xia Q, Du D. Tectorigenin: A Review of Its Sources, Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2023; 28:5904. [PMID: 37570873 PMCID: PMC10421414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tectorigenin is a well-known natural flavonoid aglycone and an active component that exists in numerous plants. Growing evidence suggests that tectorigenin has multiple pharmacological effects, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective. These pharmacological properties provide the basis for the treatment of many kinds of illnesses, including several types of cancer, diabetes, hepatic fibrosis, osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, etc. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive summary and review of the sources, extraction and synthesis, pharmacological effects, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and delivery strategy aspects of tectorigenin. Tectorigenin may exert certain cytotoxicity, which is related to the administration time and concentration. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the main metabolic pathways in rats for tectorigenin are glucuronidation, sulfation, demethylation and methoxylation, but that it exhibits poor bioavailability. From our perspective, further research on tectorigenin should cover: exploring the pharmacological targets and mechanisms of action; finding an appropriate concentration to balance pharmacological effects and toxicity; attempting diversified delivery strategies to improve the bioavailability; and structural modification to obtain tectorigenin derivatives with higher pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rong
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Fei Fu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chenxia Han
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Yaling Wu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Dan Du
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
- Proteomics-Metabolomics Platform, Research Core Facility, West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Mod Razif MRF, Chan SY, Widodo RT, Chew YL, Hassan M, Hisham SA, Rahman SA, Ming LC, Tan CS, Lee SK, Liew KB. Optimization of a Luteolin-Loaded TPGS/Poloxamer 407 Nanomicelle: The Effects of Copolymers, Hydration Temperature and Duration, and Freezing Temperature on Encapsulation Efficiency, Particle Size, and Solubility. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3741. [PMID: 37509402 PMCID: PMC10378229 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luteolin is a flavonoid compound that has been widely studied for its various anti-cancer properties and sensitization to multidrug-resistant cells. However, the limited solubility and bioavailability of Lut hindered its potential clinical use. Theoretically, the combination of this compound with vitamin E TPGS and poloxamer 407 can produce a synergistic effect to enhance tumor apoptosis and P-glycoprotein inhibition. This study aimed to develop and optimize vitamin E TPGS/Poloxamer 407 micelles loaded with luteolin through investigating certain factors that can affect the encapsulation efficiency and particle size of the micelle. METHODS A micelle was prepared using the film hydration method, and the micellar solution was lyophilized. The cake formed was analyzed. The factors investigated include the concentrations of the surfactants, ratio of vitamin E TPGS/Poloxamer 407, temperature of the hydrating solution, duration of hydration, and freezing temperature before lyophilization. The effects of these factors on the encapsulation efficiency and particle size of the micelle were also studied. The encapsulation efficiency was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, while particle size was measured using dynamic light scattering. RESULTS The optimized micelle was found to have 90% encapsulation efficiency with a particle size of less than 40 nm, which was achieved using a 10% concentration of surfactants at a vitamin E TPGS/Poloxamer 407 ratio of 3:1. The optimized temperature for hydrating the micellar film was 40 °C, the optimized mixing time was 1 h, and the optimized freezing temperature was -80 °C. The solubility of the luteolin-loaded micelles increased 459-fold compared to pure Lut in water. The critical micelle concentration of the vitamin E TPGS/Poloxamer 407 micelle was 0.001 mg/mL, and the release study showed that luteolin-loaded micelles exhibited sustained release behavior. The release of luteolin from a micelle was found to be higher in pH 6.8 compared to pH 7.4, which signified that luteolin could be accumulated more in a tumor microenvironment compared to blood. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that several factors need to be considered when developing such nanoparticles in order to obtain a well-optimized micelle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Siok Yee Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia
| | | | - Yik-Ling Chew
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Masriana Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Ching Siang Tan
- School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Siew-Keah Lee
- M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - Kai Bin Liew
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya 63000, Malaysia
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Fahmy HM, Abdel-Rahman FM, El-Sayed AA, El-Sherif AA. Study of novel bidentate heterocyclic amine-based metal complexes and their biological activities: cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity evaluation. BMC Chem 2023; 17:78. [PMID: 37454081 PMCID: PMC10349454 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallic antitumor drugs with heterocyclic ligands, such as novel AMI (amino methyl imidazole) complexes [Pd(AMI)Cl2](1), [Cu(AMI)L1](2), and [Cu(AMI)L2·2H2O](3) where L1 = oxalate and L2 = malonate, were synthesized and characterized. Assessments included elemental analyses, mass spectrometry, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. The cytotoxicity of AMI complexes compared to cisplatin was assessed using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] 2,5diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay with breast (MCF-7) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. After treating these cells with the AMI complexes' IC50 values for 48 h, malondialdehyde levels and catalase activity were used to assess oxidative stress, antioxidant activity was evaluated with DPPH radical scavenging method, comet assays assessed DNA damage, and DNA fragmentation was evaluated using the gel electrophoresis. In vitro, antimicrobial activity was assessed using a disc diffusion method. The anticancer activity results showed that IC50 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) values of complex one, two, and three against MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cells are 0.156 ± 0.0006, 0.125 ± 0.001, 0.277 ± 0.002 μM respectively for MCF-7 cells and 0.222 ± 0.0005, 0.126 ± 0.0009, 0.152 ± 0.001 μM respectively for HeLa cells. Complex two demonstrated strong anticancer activity against MCF-7 and Hela cells. The study of oxidative stress parameters revealed that Malondialdehyde levels increased in cancer cell lines treated with complexes compared to untreated cells. Catalase activity decreased in cells treated with palladium chelate. The DPPH radical scavenging assay results identified that complex one was a more potent antioxidant in MCF-7 and Hela cells than other complexes with SC50 values of 227.5 ± 0.28 and 361 ± 1.2 μL/mL, respectively. The comet assay results showed that complex two caused significant DNA damage in MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cells treated. Antimicrobial assays identified complex three as the most effective. Copper complexes give better antifungal activity against A. flavus than the palladium complex. We conclude that complex two is the most active in both cell types and might be assessed as a clinically useful drug for breast cancer treatment. The significance of the current study is the synthesis of antitumor drugs containing heterocyclic ligands, such as novel AMI complexes, and the study of their biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Fahmy
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Anwar A El-Sayed
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Sherif
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Michalak M, Zagórska-Dziok M, Klimek-Szczykutowicz M, Szopa A. Phenolic Profile and Comparison of the Antioxidant, Anti-Ageing, Anti-Inflammatory, and Protective Activities of Borago officinalis Extracts on Skin Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:868. [PMID: 36677923 PMCID: PMC9865334 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, methanol and water-methanol extracts of borage (Borago officinalis) herb dried using various methods were analysed for their phenolic profile and biological activity. Twelve compounds, including flavonoids (astragalin, kaempferol 4-glucoside, rutoside, and vitexin) and phenolic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic, ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic, rosmarinic, and syringic), were determined qualitatively and quantitatively in B. officinalis extracts by the HPLC-DAD method. The highest total flavonoid content was confirmed for the methanol extract from the hot-air-dried herb, while the methanol extract from the air-dried herb was most abundant in phenolic acids. The results of in vitro tests on human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (BJ) showed that the extracts were able to reduce the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species in skin cells. Tests performed to assess inhibition of protein denaturation, lipoxygenase activity, and proteinase activity demonstrated that borage extracts have anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, the methanol extract of the herb dried in a convection oven showed the strongest inhibition of both collagenase and elastase activity, which is indicative of anti-ageing properties. The results show that the borage extracts are a source of valuable bioactive compounds with beneficial properties in the context of skin cell protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Michalak
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19, 35-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Martyna Zagórska-Dziok
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Kielnarowa 386a, 36-020 Tyczyn, Poland
| | - Marta Klimek-Szczykutowicz
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical College, Jan Kochanowski University, IX Wieków Kielc 19, 35-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szopa
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Natural Products from Leaves of the Ancient Iranian Medicinal Plant Echium amoenum Fisch. & C. A. Mey. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010385. [PMID: 36615577 PMCID: PMC9822446 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
For several millennia, leaves of Echium amoenum Fisch. & C. A. Mey., an important Iranian medicinal plant with nutritional value as nutraceutical, have been used as tea for the treatment of several conditions, including inflammation. The nutritional value of intake of E. amoenum tea has mainly been correlated to its rich content of mainly water-soluble antioxidants. Although the entire plant is utilized, only natural products of the flowers have previously been thoroughly investigated. The rare natural products bis(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylate, 4-Oxy-(E)-caffeoyl-2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid methyl ester and 4-Oxy-(Z)-caffeoyl-2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid methyl ester, in addition to the widely distributed compounds rosmarinic acid methyl ester and (E)-caffeic acid, were purified and characterized from leaves of Echium amoenum. The structures were determined by a combination of several 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques, circular dichroism spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The fact that bis(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl)-1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylate belongs to a rare group of natural products which have previously been patented for their significant anti-inflammatory activity may rationalize the traditional treatment of inflammations with E. amoenum.
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Motti R, Paura B, Cozzolino A, de Falco B. Edible Flowers Used in Some Countries of the Mediterranean Basin: An Ethnobotanical Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233272. [PMID: 36501312 PMCID: PMC9736219 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are becoming an essential component of people's nutrition in the Mediterranean basin. In the last decades, many researchers also have focused their attention on the nutritional composition of the edible flowers, as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, including studies on their safety issues. Despite the growing interest in the use of flowers in human nutrition, the ethnobotanical literature is lacking coverage of some important issues, particularly those which concern the use of flowers in the folk tradition. Only recently, a review regarding the contribution of 32 edible flowers to the Mediterranean diet was published. The aim of the present review is to document the plant lore regarding the wild and cultivated edible flowers consumed in the Mediterranean basin. Based on the 112 studies reviewed, we documented 251 taxa as being used in the Mediterranean basin as edible flowers. The plant species belong to 45 families and 141 genera. Asteraceae (54 taxa) is the most frequently cited family. Sambucus nigra L. is the most cited species. This study can be the basis for future research on the supposed bioactivity and toxicity of wild and cultivated flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Motti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100 Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Bruno Paura
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessia Cozzolino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100 Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Bruna de Falco
- Spanish Bank of Algae, Marine Biotechnology Center, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Muelle de Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain
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Kamelan Kafi M, Bolvari NE, Mohammad Pour S, Moghadam SK, Shafaei N, Karimi E, Oskoueian E. Encapsulated phenolic compounds from
Ferula gummosa
leaf: A potential phytobiotic against
Campylobacter jejuni
infection. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Negin Shafaei
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Research and Development Arka Industrial Cluster Mashhad Iran
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Extraction of Anthocyanins from Borage ( Echium amoenum) Flowers Using Choline Chloride and a Glycerol-Based, Deep Eutectic Solvent: Optimization, Antioxidant Activity, and In Vitro Bioavailability. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010134. [PMID: 35011365 PMCID: PMC8746641 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Borage flower (Echium amoenum), an annual herb native to the Mediterranean region, is an excellent source of anthocyanins and is widely used in various forms due to its biological activities. In the present study, a choline chloride and glycerol (CHGLY)-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was applied in order to extract the anthocyanins from borage flowers. The traditional solvents, including water, methanol, and ethanol, were used to evaluate the efficiency of CHGLY. The results showed that CHGLY was highly efficient compared to the traditional solvents, providing the highest amounts of the total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), individual anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays). The most dominant anthocyanin found in studied borage was cyanidin-3-glucoside, followed by cyanin chloride, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside. The bioavailability % was 71.86 ± 0.47%, 77.29 ± 0.57%, 80.22 ± 0.65%, and 90.95 ± 1.01% for cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, by pelargonidin-3-glucoside and cyanin chloride, respectively. However, cyanidin-3-glucoside was the anthocyanin compound showing the highest stability (99.11 ± 1.66%) in the gastrointestinal environment. These results suggested that choline chloride and glycerol-based NADES is not only an efficient, eco-friendly solvent for the extraction of anthocyanins but can also be used to increase the bioavailability of anthocyanins.
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Ethnobotanical treatment of respiratory diseases in the central Middle Atlas (Morocco): Qualitative and quantitative approach. Eur J Integr Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sensory Profile, Shelf Life, and Dynamics of Bioactive Compounds during Cold Storage of 17 Edible Flowers. HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7070166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 17 edible flowers (Allium ursinum L., Borago officinalis L., Calendula officinalis L., Centaurea cyanus L., Cichorium intybus L., Dianthus carthusianorum L., Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Leucanthemum vulgare (Vaill.) Lam., Paeonia officinalis L., Primula veris L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Rosa canina L., Rosa pendulina L., Salvia pratensis L., Sambucus nigra L., Taraxacum officinale Weber, and Tropaeolum majus L.) were investigated to assess their sensory profile at harvest and their shelf life and bioactive compounds dynamics during cold storage. The emerging market of edible flowers lacks this information; thus, the characteristics and requirements of different flower species were provided. In detail, a quantitative descriptive analysis was performed by trained panelists at flower harvest, evaluating 10 sensory descriptors (intensity of sweet, sour, bitter, salt, smell, specific flower aroma, and herbaceous aroma; spiciness, chewiness, and astringency). Flower visual quality, biologically active compounds content (total polyphenols and anthocyanins), and antioxidant activity (FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assays) were evaluated both at harvest and during storage at 4 °C for 14 days to assess their shelf life. Generally, species had a wide range of peculiar sensory and phytochemical characteristics at harvest, as well as shelf life and bioactive compounds dynamics during postharvest. A strong aroma was indicated for A. ursinum, D. carthusianorum, L. angustifolia, and L. vulgare, while B. officinalis and C. officinalis had very low values for all aroma and taste descriptors, resulting in poor sensory profiles. At harvest, P. officinalis, R. canina, and R. pendulina exhibited the highest values of polyphenols (884–1271 mg of gallic acid equivalents per 100 g) and antioxidant activity (204–274 mmol Fe2+/kg for FRAP, 132–232 and 43–58 µmol of Trolox equivalent per g for DPPH and ABTS). The species with the longest shelf life in terms of acceptable visual quality was R. pendulina (14 days), followed by R. canina (10 days). All the other species lasted seven days, except for C. intybus and T. officinale that did not reach day 3. During cold storage, the content of bioactive compounds differed, as total phenolics followed a different trend according to the species and anthocyanins remained almost unaltered for 14 days. Considering antioxidant activity, ABTS values were the least variable, varying in only four species (A. ursinum, D. carthusianorum, L. angustifolia, and P. officinalis), while both DPPH and FRAP values varied in eight species. Taken together, the knowledge of sensory profiles, phytochemical characteristics and shelf life can provide information to select suitable species for the emerging edible flower market.
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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Borago officinalis leaves extract and screening its antimicrobial and antifungal activity. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-021-00345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhang Y, Sun X, Vidyarthi SK, Zhang R. Active components and antioxidant activity of thirty-seven varieties of Chinese jujube fruits ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2021.1977656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai An, China
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai An, China
| | - Sriram K. Vidyarthi
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Research and Development, the Morning Star Company, Woodland, California, USA
| | - Rentang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai An, China
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The Beneficial Health Effects of Vegetables and Wild Edible Greens: The Case of the Mediterranean Diet and Its Sustainability. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10249144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) concept as currently known describes the dietary patterns that were followed in specific regions of the area in the 1950s and 1960s. The broad recognition of its positive effects on the longevity of Mediterranean populations also led to the adoption of this diet in other regions of the world, and scientific interest focused on revealing its health effects. MD is not only linked with eating specific nutritional food products but also with social, religious, environmental, and cultural aspects, thus representing a healthy lifestyle in general. However, modern lifestyles adhere to less healthy diets, alienating people from their heritage. Therefore, considering the increasing evidence of the beneficial health effects of adherence to the MD and the ongoing transitions in consumers’ behavior, the present review focuses on updating the scientific knowledge regarding this diet and its relevance to agrobiodiversity. In addition, it also considers a sustainable approach for new marketing opportunities and consumer trends of the MD.
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Zheng Y, Lee J, Shin KO, Park K, Kang IJ. Synergistic action of Erigeron annuus L. Pers and Borago officinalis L. enhances anti-obesity activity in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Nutr Res 2019; 69:58-66. [PMID: 31670067 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Prior studies show that Borago officinalis L. (BO) can suppress lipid accumulation in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes. Similarly, we recently revealed that Erigeron annuus L. Pers (EA) can significantly diminish both lipid accumulation and adipocyte differentiation in 3 T3-L1 cells through an AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)-dependent mechanism. Accordingly, the objective of this present study was to evaluate the anti-obesity activity of EA and/or BO using an animal model of obesity. Obesity was induced in C57BL/6 J mice by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD; 60 kcal% fat) for 3 weeks, followed by administration of EA and/or BO (100-200 mg/kg body weight) or positive control Garcinia Cambogia (GC) (100 mg/kg body weight) for an additional 8 weeks. The anti-obesity effect of EA and/or BO was assessed by measuring body weight, adipocyte size, lipid accumulation, and expression level of genes associated with adipogenesis. We found the administration of EA and/or BO significantly attenuated increases in body weight gain, adipocyte size, and lipid accumulation in obese mice induced by HFD. In addition, western blot analysis revealed that HFD-mediated increases in expressions levels of adipogenic genes such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, and SREBP-1c were diminished by EA and/or BO. Moreover, EA and/or BO significantly stimulated the production of adiponectin, a unique adipokine known to stimulate the breakdown of fat/lipids, whereas adiponectin levels were reduced in mice fed a HFD. Notably, a combination of EA and BO was more effective at modulating such parameters than EA or BO alone. Taken together, these results demonstrate that an anti-obesity effect of EA and/or BO can reduce adipocyte hypertrophy and modulate the expression of adipogenesis-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Oh Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea.
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Inhibition of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cell line) growth via cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis by auraptene of Ferula szowitsiana root extract. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00185-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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