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Lenart-Lipińska M, Łuniewski M, Szydełko J, Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. Clinical and Therapeutic Implications of Male Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5354. [PMID: 37629396 PMCID: PMC10455727 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity, a disorder linked to numerous comorbidities and metabolic complications, has recently increased dramatically worldwide and is highly prevalent in men, even at a young age. Compared to female patients, men with obesity more frequently have delayed diagnosis, higher severity of obesity, increased mortality rate, and only a minority of obese male patients are successfully treated, including with bariatric surgery. The aim of this review was to present the current state of knowledge about the clinical and therapeutic implications of obesity diagnosed in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Lenart-Lipińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland; (M.Ł.); (J.S.); (B.M.-M.)
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Crispim Carvalho NN, Baccin Martins VJ, da Nóbrega VA, de Arruda Neta ADCP, Cavalcante da Fonseca LA, Bandeira F, de Brito Alves JL. Effects of Preoperative Sarcopenia-Related Parameters on Cardiac Autonomic Function in Women with Obesity Following Bariatric Surgery: A One-Year Prospective Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2656. [PMID: 37375560 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Investigate changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in women with and without sarcopenia-related parameters who underwent bariatric surgery (BS) during a one-year follow-up. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Women were separated into obesity (OB, n = 20) and women with obesity displaying sarcopenia-related parameters (SOP, n = 14) and evaluated before BS and 3, 6, and 12 months after BS. SOP was defined as low handgrip strength (HS) and/or low appendicular skeletal mass adjusted for weight (ASM/wt × 100, %) in the lowest quartile of the sample. ASM/wt × 100, % and HS were significantly lower in SOP than OB over a one-year follow-up of BS (p < 0.05). RESULTS There was a reduction in diastolic BP, heart rate (HR), SDHR, LF, and the LF/HF ratio (p < 0.05) and an increase in the HF band in both groups during the follow-up period (p < 0.05). SOP women had reduced root mean square differences of successive RR intervals (RMSSD) and HF band and an increased LF band and SD2/SD1 ratio compared to the OB group during the one-year follow-up (p < 0.05). ASM/wt × 100, % was negatively associated with the LF band (r = -0.24, p = 0.00) and positively associated with the HF band (r = 0.22, p = 0.01). Conversely, HS had no association with LF (r = -0.14, p = 0.09) and HF (r = 0.11, p = 0.19). ASM/wt × 100, % and HS were negatively associated with the LF/HF ratio (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Women who underwent BS had an improved HRV over a one-year follow-up. However, the improvement in HRV variables was less pronounced in women with low muscle mass and/or HS during the follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Nóbrega Crispim Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58010-780, Brazil
- Department of Endocrinology, Lauro Wanderley University Hospital, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58050-000, Brazil
| | - Vinícius José Baccin Martins
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58010-780, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Almeida da Nóbrega
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58010-780, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisco Bandeira
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hospital Agamenon Magalhães, Recife 52051-380, Brazil
| | - José Luiz de Brito Alves
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58010-780, Brazil
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Snelder SM, Aga Y, de Groot - de Laat LE, Biter LU, Cabezas MC, Pouw N, Birnie E, Boxma - de Klerk B, Klaassen RA, Zijlstra F, van Dalen BM. Normalization of Cardiac Function After Bariatric Surgery Is Related to Autonomic Function and Vitamin D. Obes Surg 2023; 33:47-56. [PMID: 36334252 PMCID: PMC9834145 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Subclinical cardiac dysfunction is common in patients with obesity. Bariatric surgery is associated with normalization of subclinical cardiac function in 50% of the patients with obesity. The aim of this study was to identify predictors for a lack of improvement of subclinical cardiac dysfunction 1-year post-bariatric surgery. METHODS Patients who were referred for bariatric surgery were enrolled in a longitudinal study. Inclusion criteria were age 35-65 years and BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2. Patients with a suspicion of or known cardiovascular disease were excluded. Conventional and advanced echocardiography, Holter monitoring, and blood tests were performed pre- and 1-year post-bariatric surgery. Subclinical cardiac dysfunction was defined as either a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, decreased global longitudinal strain (GLS), diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmia, or an increased BNP or hs Troponin I. RESULTS A total of 99 patients were included of whom 59 patients had cardiac dysfunction at baseline. Seventy-two patients completed the 1-year follow-up after bariatric surgery. There was a significant reduction in weight and cardiovascular risk factors. Parameters of cardiac function, such as GLS, improved. However, in 20 patients cardiac dysfunction persisted. Multivariate analysis identified a decreased heart rate variability (which is a measure of autonomic function), and a decreased vitamin D pre-surgery as predictors for subclinical cardiac dysfunction after bariatric surgery. CONCLUSION Although there was an overall improvement of cardiac function 1-year post-bariatric surgery, autonomic dysfunction and a decreased vitamin D pre-bariatric surgery were predictors for a lack of improvement of subclinical cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M. Snelder
- Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yaar Aga
- Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - L. Ulas Biter
- Department of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manuel Castro Cabezas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Centre, ’s Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nadine Pouw
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin Birnie
- Department of Statistics and Education, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bianca Boxma - de Klerk
- Department of Statistics and Education, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - René A. Klaassen
- Department of Surgery, Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Felix Zijlstra
- Department of Cardiology, the Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, ’s Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bas M. van Dalen
- Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands ,Department of Cardiology, the Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, ’s Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Holter-Derived Autonomic Function, Arrhythmias and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Patients with Class III Obesity Treated with Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102140. [PMID: 34063446 PMCID: PMC8156268 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of weight loss following bariatric surgery on autonomic balance, arrhythmias and insulin resistance are still of interest. We prospectively investigated 50 patients with BMI > 40 kg/m2, aged 36.5 (18–56) years who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Among other examinations, all subjects had 24-h Holter monitoring with heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate turbulence (HRT) evaluation. After a median of 15 months, BMI decreased from 43.9 to 29.7 kg/m2, the incidence of hypertension decreased from 54 to 32% (p = 0.04) and any carbohydrate disorders decreased from 24 to 6% (p = 0.02). Fasting insulin concentration and insulin resistance index improved significantly (p < 0.001). Improvements in HRV parameters related to the sympathetic autonomic division were also observed (p < 0.001), while HRT evaluation was not conclusive. The enhancement of autonomic tone indices was correlated with reduction of BMI (SDNN-I r = 0.281 p = 0.04; SDNN r = 0.267 p = 0.05), but not with reduction of waist circumference, and it was also associated with decrease of mean heart rate (OR 0.02, 95%CI 0.0–0.1, p < 0.001). The incidence of arrhythmias was low and similar before and after follow-up. In conclusion, improvement of homeostasis of carbohydrate metabolism and autonomic function is observed in relatively young patients after weight loss due to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
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Jabbour G, Salman A. Bariatric Surgery in Adults with Obesity: the Impact on Performance, Metabolism, and Health Indices. Obes Surg 2021; 31:1767-1789. [PMID: 33454846 PMCID: PMC8012340 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-05182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review summarizes current evidence on the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on physical performance, metabolic, and health indices in adults with obesity. This systematic review suggests that BS induced significant reductions in body weight, fat mass, and fat-free mass in individuals with obesity. Additionally, BS may improve many physical fitness and health indicators. Observed improvements manifest during a distinct period of time. To date, studies on BS and performance have been small in number, nonrandomized in design, and not controlled regarding gender distribution and/or post-surgery follow-up. Future studies should further investigate concerns associated with understanding of BS outcomes to improve these outcomes with potential benefits for quality of life, disability, mortality, morbidity, and overall BS success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Jabbour
- Sport Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ahmad Salman
- Sport Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Benjamim CJR, Pontes YMDM, de Sousa Junior FW, Porto AA, Bueno Júnior CR, Marcelino da Silva AA, Ferro Cavalcante TC, Garner DM, Valenti VE. Does bariatric surgery improve cardiac autonomic modulation assessed by heart rate variability? A systematic review. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1497-1509. [PMID: 33958294 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our study aimed to explore the influence of bariatric surgery (BS) on heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) through a systematic review. Manuscripts were selected based on electronic searches of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases from the inception of each database up to year 2020, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. Searching of these studies was systematized using the Population Intervention Comparison Outcome Study Design strategy. We selected randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials and cohorts from prospective studies that reported the influence of BS on HRV. We assessed the quality rating using the Black and Downs questionnaire. Following the screening and eligibility stages, 14 studies were included in the review. All studies agreed that BS promotes an increase in parasympathetic HR control and HRV and a decrease in HR. Yet the literature does not provide evidence that these outcomes are directly caused by the surgical procedure. There is limited evidence to support that patients with type 2 diabetes have greater improvement in HRV as an interim measure, to individuals without. The decrease in insulin resistance was correlated with the increase in HRV in some studies, but, other studies are unsupportive of this outcome. Improvements in 2 metabolic parameters (e.g., leptin, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide) were connected with superior increases in HRV. This review demonstrated that BS promotes an increase in HRV, indicating improved autonomic control of HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cicero Jonas R Benjamim
- Development, Nutrition, Phytotherapy and Hygiene Research Group, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil; Autonomic Nervous System Center, Sao Paulo State University, Marilia, Brazil
| | - Yasmim Mota de M Pontes
- Physiological and Collective Sciences Nucleus, School of Juazeiro do Norte, Juazeiro do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Andrey Alves Porto
- Autonomic Nervous System Center, Sao Paulo State University, Marilia, Brazil; Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Department of Medical Clinic, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Amanda A Marcelino da Silva
- Development, Nutrition, Phytotherapy and Hygiene Research Group, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Taisy C Ferro Cavalcante
- Development, Nutrition, Phytotherapy and Hygiene Research Group, University of Pernambuco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - David M Garner
- Cardiorespiratory Research Group, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vitor E Valenti
- Autonomic Nervous System Center, Sao Paulo State University, Marilia, Brazil.
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