Synthesis of aspirin-ligated cisplatin derivatives and its slow release study over MIL-101(Fe)

Design of Bio-Graphene-Based Multifunctional Nanocomposites Exhibits Intracellular Drug Delivery in Cervical Cancer Treatment

The advent of bio-nanotechnology has revolutionized nanodrug delivery by improving drug efficacy and safety. Nevertheless, acceptable carriers for therapeutic molecules are one of the most difficult challenges in drug delivery. Graphene material-based (GMB) and polymer-based drug-loaded nanocarriers have both demonstrated clinical advantages in delivering drugs of interest in vitro/in vivo. Cisplatin (CDDP) is an inorganic chemotherapeutic drug that is commonly used to treat a variety of cancers. However, its clinical use is associated with drug resistance and few side effects, which reduces its antitumor effects. Therefore, we developed a CDDP-loaded chitosan-functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite (CDDP@CS-GO NC)-based nanodrug delivery system (NDDS). Flow cytometry and confocal imaging show that the CDDP@CS-GO NCs lead to significantly increased intracellular drug accumulation in tumor cells. Cancer cells take up the nanocomposite via endocytosis and can generate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) to increase mitochondrial membrane potential loss (Δψm) and enable cytochrome-c release, followed by the dysregulation of Bcl-2 into the cytosol and activation of caspase-3 to induce cancer cell apoptosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated the excellent cancer therapeutic effect with few side effects of the carriers. CDDP@CS-GO NCs are expected to play an important role in responsive NDDSs for cancer therapy.

Management of validation of HPLC method for determination of acetylsalicylic acid impurities in a new pharmaceutical product

The work mainly focused on a validation of the method for determining the content of salicylic acid and individual unknown impurities in new pharmaceutical product—tablets containing: 75, 100 or 150 mg of acetylsalicylic acid and glycine in the amount of 40 mg for each dosage. The separation of the components was carried out by means of HPLC, using a Waters Symmetry C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) as the stationary phase. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of 85% orthophosphoric acid, acetonitrile and purified water (2:400:600 V/V/V). Detection was carried out at a wavelength of 237 nm, with a constant flow rate of 1.0 ml min⁻¹. In order to verify the method, linearity, precision (repeatability and reproducibility), accuracy, specificity, range, robustness, system precision, stability of the test and standard solution, limit of quantification and forced degradation were determined. Validation tests were performed in accordance with ICH (International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use) guidelines. The method was validated successfully. It was confirmed that the method in a tested range of 0.005–0.40% salicylic acid with respect to acetylsalicylic acid content is linear, precise and accurate.