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Kharlamova AD, Ermakova EV, Abel AS, Gontcharenko VE, Cheprakov AV, Averin AD, Beletskaya IP, Andraud C, Bretonnière Y, Bessmertnykh-Lemeune A. Quinoxaline-based azamacrocycles: synthesis, AIE behavior and acidochromism. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:5181-5192. [PMID: 38864283 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00558a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The development of luminescent molecular materials has advanced rapidly in recent decades, primarily driven by the synthesis of novel emissive compounds and a deeper understanding of excited-state mechanisms. Herein, we report a streamlined synthetic approach to light-emitting diazapolyoxa- and polyazamacrocycles N2CnOxQ and NyCnQ (n = 3-10; x = 2, 3; y = 2-5), incorporating a 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline residue (DPQ). This synthetic strategy based on macrocyclization through Pd-catalyzed amination reaction yields the target macrocycles in good or high yields (46-92%), enabling precise control over their structural parameters. A key role of the PhPF-tBu ligand belonging to the JosiPhos series in this macrocyclization was elucidated through DFT computation. This macrocyclization reaction eliminates the need for complex protecting-deprotecting procedures of secondary amine groups, offering a convenient and scalable method for the preparation of target compounds. Moreover, it boasts a potentially broad substrate scope, making it promising for structure-properties studies within photophysics, sensor development, and material synthesis. Photophysical properties of representative macrocycles were investigated, employing spectroscopic techniques and DFT computation. It was demonstrated that DPQ-containing macrocycles display aggregation-induced emission in a DCM-hexane solvent mixture despite the presence of flexible tethers within their structures. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of a representative compound N2C8O3Q allowed us to gain deeper insight into its molecular structure and AIE behaviour. The emissive aggregates of the N2C10O3Q macrocycle were immobilized on filter paper yielding AIE-exhibiting test strips for measuring acidity in vapors and in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa D Kharlamova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Elizaveta V Ermakova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Anton S Abel
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Victoria E Gontcharenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 53, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Andrei V Cheprakov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Alexei D Averin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Irina P Beletskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69342 Lyon, France.
| | - Yann Bretonnière
- Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69342 Lyon, France.
| | - Alla Bessmertnykh-Lemeune
- Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 allée d'Italie, 69342 Lyon, France.
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2
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Hamzi I. Colorimetric and Fluorometric N-Acylhydrazone-based Chemosensors for Detection of Single to Multiple Metal Ions: Design Strategies and Analytical Applications. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03748-z. [PMID: 38856800 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The development of optical sensors for metal ions has gained significant attention due to their broad applications in biology, the environment, and medicine. Colorimetric and fluorometric detection methods are particularly valued for their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, high detection limits, and analytical power. Among various chemical probes, the hydrazone functional group stands out for its extensive study and utility, owing to its ease of synthesis and adaptability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of N-acylhydrazone-based probes, serving as highly effective colorimetric and fluorometric chemosensors for a diverse range of metal ions. Probes are categorized into single-ion, dual-ion, and multi-ion chemosensors, each further classified based on the detected metal(s). Additionally, the review discusses detection modes, detection limits, association constants, and spectroscopic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hamzi
- Laboratoire de Catalyse Et Synthèse en Chimie Organique, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Tlemcen, B.P.119, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tlemcen, 12 B P 123 Hamri Ahmed, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
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Christopher Leslee DB, Venkatachalam U, Gunasekaran J, Karuppannan S, Kuppannan SB. Synthesis of a quinoxaline-hydrazinobenzothiazole based probe-single point detection of Cu 2+, Co 2+, Ni 2+ and Hg 2+ ions in real water samples. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:4130-4143. [PMID: 37129970 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00298e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel quinoxaline-hydrazinobenzothiazole based sensor was synthesized and characterized using NMR, FTIR, and Mass spectroscopy techniques. The sensor achieves the distinct "single-point" colorimetric and fluorescent detection of Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Hg2+ ions with distinguishable color changes from yellow to red, pale red, pale brown and orange, respectively. The UV-visible and fluorescence emission spectral investigation revealed the excellent single-point sensing ability of the probe towards four different heavy metal ions with a ratiometric response. Nanomolar levels of detection of about 1.16 × 10-7 M, 9.92 × 10-8 M, 8.21 × 10-8 M, and 1.14 × 10-7 M for Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+ and Hg2+ ions, respectively, were achieved using our sensor, which are below the US-EPA permissible limits. Additionally, the sensor was utilized for naked eye detection under normal daylight. Quantitative determination of the metal ions in real water samples was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denzil Britto Christopher Leslee
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Udhayadharshini Venkatachalam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jayapratha Gunasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sekar Karuppannan
- Department of Science and Humanities (Chemistry), Anna University - University College of Engineering, Dindigul - 624622, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmuga Bharathi Kuppannan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.
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4
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Wehrle R, Rosen A, Nguyen TV, Koons K, Jump E, Bullard M, Wehrle N, Stockfish A, Hare PM, Atesin A, Ateşin TA, Ma L. Investigation on the Synthesis, Application and Structural Features of Heteroaryl 1,2-Diketones. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26650-26660. [PMID: 35936472 PMCID: PMC9352158 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A set of unsymmetrical heteroaryl 1,2-diketones were synthesized by a heteroarylation/oxidation sequence with up to 65% isolated yields. Palladium catalyst XPhos Pd G4 and SeO2 were the key reagents used in this methodology, and microwave irradiation was utilized to facilitate an efficient and ecofriendly process. The application of heteroaryl 1,2-diketones is demonstrated through the synthesis of an unsymmetrical 2-phenyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)quinoxaline (5a) from 1-phenyl-2-(pyridin-3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione (4a). The lowest energy conformations of 4a and 5a were located using Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the M06-2X/def2-TZVP level of theory. Two lowest energy conformations of 4a differ with respect to the position of the N atom in the pyridyl ring and 0.27 kcal/mol energy difference between them corresponds to 60.4 and 39.6% at 50 °C in toluene. Four lowest energy conformations for 5a have the energy differences of 0.01, 0.03 and 0.07 kcal/mol that corresponds to 26.0, 25.7, 24.9 and 23.4%, respectively. A comparison of 4a and 5a to the less hindered analogs (oxalyl chloride and oxalic acid) is used to investigate the structural features and bonding using Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert
J. Wehrle
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Alexander Rosen
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Thu Vu Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Kalyn Koons
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Eric Jump
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Mason Bullard
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Natalie Wehrle
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Adam Stockfish
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Patrick M. Hare
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
| | - Abdurrahman Atesin
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio
Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas 78541, United
States
| | - Tülay A. Ateşin
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio
Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas 78541, United
States
| | - Lili Ma
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Northern
Kentucky University, Nunn Drive, Highland Heights, Kentucky 41099, United
States
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Liu F, Chen LN, Chen AM, Ye ZP, Wang ZW, Liu ZL, He XC, Li SH, Xia PJ. Mechanochemical Synthesis of 2‐Arylquinoxalines and 3‐Arylquinoxalin‐2(1 H)‐ones via Aryldiazonium Salts. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fu Liu
- guangxi shifan daxue CHINA
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Yiğit M, Demir Y, Arınç A, Yiğit B, Koca M, Özdemir İ, Gulcin I. Synthesis and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Quinoxaline Bridged Bis(imidazolium) Salts. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-14668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kobayashi M, Kubo H, Oketani R, Hisaki I. Quinoxaline-annelated hexadehydro[12]annulene: Use of a new building block to construct a hydrogen-bonded hexagonal molecular network. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00676f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new hexatopic carboxylic acid with a quinoxaline-annelated dehydro[12]annulene core (TQ12) was synthesized and subjected to spectroscopy for comparison with tribenzodehydro[12]annulene derivative (T12). Subsequently, TQ12 was utilized for construction of...
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A hexaazatriphenylene fused large discotic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with selective and sensitive metal-ion sensing properties. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Effect of the Chloro-Substitution on Electrochemical and Optical Properties of New Carbazole Dyes. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14113091. [PMID: 34200060 PMCID: PMC8200205 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbazole derivatives are the structural key of many biologically active substances, including naturally occurring and synthetic ones. Three novel (E)-2-(2-(4-9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzylidene)hydrazinyl)triazole dyes were synthesized with different numbers of chlorine substituents attached at different locations. The presented research has shown the influence of the number and position of attachment of chlorine substituents on electrochemical, optical, nonlinear, and biological properties. The study also included the analysis of the use of the presented derivatives as potential fluorescent probes for in vivo and in vitro tests. Quantum-chemical calculations complement the conducted experiments.
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