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Yi S, Ye B, Wang J, Yi X, Wang Y, Abudukelimu A, Wu H, Meng Q, Zhou Z. Investigation of guanidino acetic acid and rumen-protected methionine induced improvements in longissimus lumborum muscle quality in beef cattle. Meat Sci 2024; 217:109624. [PMID: 39141966 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of dietary guanidino acetic acid (GAA) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on beef quality in Simmental bulls. For 140 days, forty-five bulls (453.43 ± 29.05 kg) were randomly divided into control (CON), 0.1% GAA (GAA), and 0.1% GAA + 0.1% RPM (GAM) groups with 15 bulls in each group and containing 3 pen with 5 bulls in each pen. Significant improvements in eye muscle area, pH48h, redness (a*) value, and crude protein (CP) content of longissimus lumborum (LL) muscles were observed in the GAA and GAM groups (P < 0.05). Conversely, the lightness (L*) value, drip loss, cooking loss, and moisture contents decreased (P < 0.05). Additionally, glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) concentrations of LL muscles in GAM were higher (P < 0.05), while malondialdehyde (MDA) content of LL muscles in GAA and GAM groups were lower (P < 0.05). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) profiles were enriched in beef from GAM group (P < 0.05). The addition of GAA and RPM affected the expression of genes in LL muscle, such as HMOX1, EIF4E, SCD5, and NOS2, which are related to hypoxia metabolism, protein synthesis, and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis-related signaling pathways. In addition, GAA and RPM also affected the content of a series of metabolites such as L-tyrosine, L-tryptophan, and PC (O-16:0/0:0) involved in amino acid and lipid metabolism-related signaling pathways. In summary, GAA and RPM can improve the beef quality and its nutritional composition. These changes may be related to changes in gene expression and metabolic pathways related to protein metabolism and lipid metabolism in beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Frontier Technology Research Institute of China Agricultural University in Shenzhen, China Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518119, China
| | - Boping Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Abudusaimijiang Abudukelimu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Jangir A, Kumar Biswas A, Arsalan A, Faslu Rahman CK, Swami S, Agrawal R, Bora B, Kumar Mendiratta S, Talukder S, Chand S, Kumar D, Ahmad T, Ratan Sen A, Naveena BM, Singh Yadav A, Jaywant Rokade J. Development of superoxide dismutase based visual and spectrophotometric method for rapid differentiation of fresh and frozen-thawed buffalo meat. Food Chem 2024; 444:138659. [PMID: 38325091 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Study aimed to develop biomarker-based assay for rapid detection of fresh and frozen-thawed buffalo meat in the supply chain. The method is based on development of a solvent system and identification of suitable substrate and developer for screening of biomarkers. For the confirmation column chromatography, gel electrophoresis and Western Blotting were carried out. Validation was done by intra- and inter-day validation, storability study, and determination of thermal history. Best results were shown with pH 8.0 Tris-HCl; extraction buffer, 205 µM nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen; substrate, 184 µM Nitroblue tetrazolium, and 1.9 µM phenazine methosulfate; developer. The thermal history ranged from 0.14 to 0.17 during storage at -20 °C. The intra- and inter-day assay precision (CV %) ranged from 5.3 to 6.5 %; in chilled and 14.1 - 9.2 % in frozen-thawed samples. The study confirmed SOD as a viable biomarker. Developed method using SOD has significant potential for rapidly differentiating chilled or frozen-thawed meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apeksha Jangir
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Ashim Kumar Biswas
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India.
| | - Abdullah Arsalan
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - C K Faslu Rahman
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Shalu Swami
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Ravikant Agrawal
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Bedika Bora
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Sanjod Kumar Mendiratta
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Suman Talukder
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Sagar Chand
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Tanbir Ahmad
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Arup Ratan Sen
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Basappa M Naveena
- ICAR-National Meat Research Institute, Chengicherla, Boduppal 500 092, A.P., India
| | - Ajit Singh Yadav
- Division of Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
| | - Jaydip Jaywant Rokade
- Division of Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, U.P., India
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Yi S, Hu S, Wang J, Abudukelimu A, Wang Y, Li X, Wu H, Meng Q, Zhou Z. Effect of Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation, Blood Indices, Nutrient Digestion, and Nitrogen Metabolism in Angus Steers. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:401. [PMID: 38338043 PMCID: PMC10854538 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) functions as a precursor for creatine synthesis in the animal body, and maintaining ample creatine reserves is essential for fostering rapid growth. This study aimed to explore the impact of GAA supplementation on growth performance, rumen fermentation, blood indices, nutrient digestion, and nitrogen metabolism in Angus steers through two experiments: a feeding experiment (Experiment 1) and a digestive metabolism experiment (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, thirty-six Angus steers (485.64 ± 39.41 kg of BW) at 16 months of age were randomly assigned to three groups: control (CON), a conventional dose of GAA (CGAA, 0.8 g/kg), and a high dose of GAA (HGAA, 1.6 g/kg), each with twelve steers. The adaptation period lasted 14 days, and the test period was 130 days. Weighing occurred before morning feeding on days 0, 65, and 130, with rumen fluid and blood collected before morning feeding on day 130. Experiment 2 involved fifteen 18-month-old Angus steers (575.60 ± 7.78 kg of BW) randomly assigned to the same three groups as in Experiment 1, with a 7-day adaptation period and a 3-day test period. Fecal and urine samples were collected from all steers during this period. Results showed a significantly higher average daily gain (ADG) in the CGAA and HGAA groups compared to the CON group (p = 0.043). Additionally, the feed conversion efficiency (FCE) was significantly higher in the CGAA and HGAA groups than in the CON group (p = 0.018). The concentrations of acetate and the acetate:propionate ratio were significantly lower in the CGAA and HGAA groups, while propionate concentration was significantly higher (p < 0.01). Serum concentration of urea (UREA), blood ammonia (BA), GAA, creatine, and catalase (CAT) in the CGAA and HGAA groups were significantly higher than in the CON group, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were significantly lower (p < 0.05). Digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) and the nitrogen retention ratio were significantly higher in the CGAA and HGAA groups than in the CON group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary addition of both 0.8 g/kg and 1.6 g/kg of GAA increased growth performance, regulated rumen fermentation and blood indices, and improved digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in Angus steers. However, higher doses of GAA did not demonstrate a linear stacking effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhenming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (S.Y.)
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Kamranian H, Asoudeh H, Sharif RK, Taheri F, Hayes AW, Gholami M, Alavi A, Motaghinejad M. Neuroprotective potential of trimetazidine against tramadol-induced neurotoxicity: role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023; 33:607-623. [PMID: 37051630 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2202785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Tramadol (TRA) causes neurotoxicity whereas trimetazidine (TMZ) is neuroprotective. The potential involvement of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in the neuroprotection of TMZ against TRA-induced neurotoxicity was evaluated. Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into groups. Groups 1 and 2 received saline or TRA (50 mg/kg). Groups 3, 4, and 5 received TRA (50 mg/kg) and TMZ (40, 80, or 160 mg/kg) for 14 days. Group 6 received TMZ (160 mg/kg). Hippocampal neurodegenerative, mitochondrial quadruple complex enzymes, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3Ks)/protein kinase B levels, oxidative stress, inflammatory, apoptosis, autophagy, and histopathology were evaluated. TMZ decreased anxiety and depressive-like behavior induced by TRA. TMZ in tramadol-treated animals inhibited lipid peroxidation, GSSG, TNF-α, and IL-1β while increasing GSH, SOD, GPx, GR, and mitochondrial quadruple complex enzymes in the hippocampus. TRA inhibited Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and increased pyruvate dehydrogenase levels. TMZ reduced these changes. TRA decreased the level of JNK and increased Beclin-1 and Bax. TMZ decreased phosphorylated Bcl-2 while increasing the unphosphorylated form in tramadol-treated rats. TMZ activated phosphorylated PI3Ks, Akt, and mTOR proteins. TMZ inhibited tramadol-induced neurotoxicity by modulating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways and its downstream inflammatory, apoptosis, and autophagy-related cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Kamranian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Hadi Asoudeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Central Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fereshteh Taheri
- Department of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA and Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mina Gholami
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Alavi
- Department of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Iran
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kosaruk W, Brown JL, Towiboon P, Punyapornwithaya V, Pringproa K, Thitaram C. Measures of Oxidative Status Markers in Relation to Age, Sex, and Season in Sick and Healthy Captive Asian Elephants in Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091548. [PMID: 37174585 PMCID: PMC10177462 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a pathological condition that can have adverse effects on animal health, although little research has been conducted on wildlife species. In this study, blood was collected from captive Asian elephants for the assessment of five serum oxidative status markers (reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations; malondialdehyde, MDA; albumin; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; and catalase) in healthy (n = 137) and sick (n = 20) animals. Health problems consisted of weakness, puncture wounds, gastrointestinal distress, eye and musculoskeletal problems, and elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus hemorrhagic disease (EEHV-HD). Fecal samples were also collected to assess glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCMs) as a measure of stress. All data were analyzed in relation to age, sex, sampling season, and their interactions using generalized linear models, and a correlation matrix was constructed. ROS and serum albumin concentrations exhibited the highest concentrations in aged elephants (>45 years). No sex differences were found for any biomarker. Interactions were observed for age groups and seasons for ROS and catalase, while GPx displayed a significant interaction between sex and season. In pairwise comparisons, significant increases in ROS and catalase were observed in summer, with higher ROS concentrations observed only in the adult female group. Lower catalase activity was exhibited in juvenile males, subadult males, adult females, and aged females compared to subadult and adult elephants (males and females) in winter and the rainy season. There was a positive association between catalase activity and fGCMs (r = 0.23, p < 0.05), and a number of red blood cell parameters were positively associated with several of these biomarkers, suggesting high oxidative and antioxidative activity covary in red cells (p < 0.05). According to health status, elephants with EEHV-HD showed the most significant changes in oxidative stress markers, with MDA, GPx, and catalase being higher and albumin being lower than in healthy elephants. This study provides an analysis of understudied health biomarkers in Asian elephants, which can be used as additional tools for assessing the health condition of this species and suggests age and season may be important factors in data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worapong Kosaruk
- Doctoral Degree Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Janine L Brown
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA
| | - Patcharapa Towiboon
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kidsadagon Pringproa
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Chatchote Thitaram
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
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Sobhani S, Tehrani AA, Sobhani G, Fatima S, Ulloa L, Motaghinejad M, Atif A. Melatonin Protects Against Titanium Oxide-Induced Neurotoxicity: Neurochemical, Neurobehavioral, and Histopathological Evidences. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03464-4. [PMID: 36378265 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
titania (titanium dioxide, TiO2) is known to induce neurotoxicity and CNS dysfunctions. Numerous studies have explored the neuroprotective effects of melatonin against neurotoxicity. This study evaluates the potential of melatonin to protect against titania-induced neurotoxicity and the role of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. One group of animals were treated with Titania (0.045 and 0.075 g/rat) alone while the other with added melatonin (1 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg) and behavioral alterations were assessed using OFT (open field test). Neurochemical and histopathological changes were also studied in the hippocampus by analyzing kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and antioxidant response element (ARE). It was seen that the animals with added Melatonin had improved behavioral scores in the OFT, like anxiety and motor dysfunction triggered by TiO2. Melatonin also reduced lipid peroxidation, ROS, GSSG, IL1β, TNFα, Bax, and Keap1 levels, but boosted GSH, GPx, GR, SOD,IL10,IL4, Bcl2, Nrf2, and ARE levels and improved quadruple mitochondrial enzyme complex activity in titania-treated animals. Histopathological examination showed melatonin induced cytoprotection against vacuolization and necrosis in granular cells of DG and pyramidal cells of CA1 area of the hippocampus. In our study, pretreatment with melatonin reduced titania-induced neurotoxicity in the hippocampus through a mechanism potentially mediated by the Keap-1/Nrf2/ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvenaz Sobhani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali-Asghar Tehrani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Golnar Sobhani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sulail Fatima
- Department of Physiology, Jinnah Medical & Dental College, Sohail University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Luis Ulloa
- Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Darabad Avenue, Shahid Bahonar roundabout, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alina Atif
- Department of Physiology, Jinnah Medical & Dental College, Sohail University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Cong H, Ma Z, Hu M, Han J, Wang X, Han Y, Li Y, Sun G. Surface Gelatin-Coated β-Mannanase-Immobilized Lignin for Delayed Release of β-Mannanase to Remediate Guar-Based Fracturing Fluid Damage. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11722-11730. [PMID: 35449942 PMCID: PMC9017098 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we developed an efficient and convenient method to address the problem of thickener decomposition in the low- permeability oilfield production process. It is crucial to design breakers that reduce viscosity by delaying thickener decomposition in appropriate environments. By using lignin in biomass as a substrate for β-mannanase immobilization (MIL), we fabricated a gel breaker, surface gelatin-coated β-mannanase-immobilized lignin (Ge@MIL). Through experiments and performance tests, we confirmed that the prepared Ge@MIL can release enzymes at a specific temperature, meanwhile having temperature-sensitive phase change properties and biodegradability. The results also show the tight tuning over the surface coating of Ge@MIL by a water-in-oil emulsion. Therefore, the prepared Ge@MIL has a promising application in the field of oil extraction as a green and efficient temperature-sensitive sustained-release capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Cong
- Liaoning
Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative
Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light
Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian
Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Zihao Ma
- Liaoning
Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative
Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light
Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian
Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Meixi Hu
- Liaoning
Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative
Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light
Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian
Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Junjie Han
- Department
of Research and Development, Dalian Chivy
Biotechnology CO., LTD., Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Liaoning
Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative
Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light
Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian
Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ying Han
- Liaoning
Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative
Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light
Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian
Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yao Li
- Liaoning
Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative
Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light
Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian
Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Guangwei Sun
- Liaoning
Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative
Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light
Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian
Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
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