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Zhang H, Lu G. Synthesis of celastrol derivatives as potential non-nucleoside hepatitis B virus inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:1380-1386. [PMID: 32573976 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of para-quinone methide (pQM) moiety and C-20- modified derivatives of celastrol were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory effect on the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg as well as the inhibitory effect against HBV DNA replication. The results suggested that amidation of C-20 carboxylic group could generate derivatives with good anti-HBV profile, among them compound 14 showed the best inhibitory activity on the secretion of HBsAg (IC50 = 11.9 µμ) and HBeAg (IC50 = 13.1 µμ) with SI of 3.3 and 3.0, respectively. In addition, 14 also showed potent inhibitory effect against HBV DNA replication (48.5 ± 15.1%, 25 µM). This is, to our knowledge, the first report of celastrol derivatives as potential non-nucleoside HBV inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Beijing BeiqinBiotech Co. Ltd., Xinggu Economic Development Zone, Beijing, China
| | - Gongxi Lu
- Beijing BeiqinBiotech Co. Ltd., Xinggu Economic Development Zone, Beijing, China
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2
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Hutchinson MA, Deeyaa BD, Byrne SR, Williams SJ, Rokita SE. Directing Quinone Methide-Dependent Alkylation and Cross-Linking of Nucleic Acids with Quaternary Amines. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:1486-1496. [PMID: 32298588 PMCID: PMC7242154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polyamine and polyammonium ion conjugates are often used to direct reagents to nucleic acids based on their strong electrostatic attraction to the phosphoribose backbone. Such nonspecific interactions do not typically alter the specificity of the attached reagent, but polyammonium ions dramatically redirected the specificity of a series of quinone methide precursors. Replacement of a relatively nonspecific intercalator based on acridine with a series of polyammonium ions resulted in a surprising change of DNA products. Piperidine stable adducts were generated in duplex DNA that lacked the ability to support a dynamic cross-linking observed previously with acridine conjugates. Minor reaction at guanine N7, the site of reversible reaction, was retained by a monofunctional quinone methide-polyammonium ion conjugate, but a bisfunctional analogue designed for tandem quinone methide formation modified guanine N7 in only single-stranded DNA. The resulting intrastrand cross-links were sufficiently dynamic to rearrange to interstrand cross-links. However, no further transfer of adducts was observed in duplex DNA. An alternative design that spatially and temporally decoupled the two quinone methide equivalents neither restored the dynamic reaction nor cross-linked DNA efficiently. While di- and triammonium ion conjugates successfully enhanced the yields of cross-linking by a bisquinone methide relative to a monoammonium equivalent, alternative ligands will be necessary to facilitate the migration of cross-linking and its potential application to disrupt DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Blessing D. Deeyaa
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Shane R. Byrne
- Chemistry-Biology Interface Program, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Sierra J. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
| | - Steven E. Rokita
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
- Chemistry-Biology Interface Program, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
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3
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Hornung JE, Hellwig N, Göbel MW. Peptide Nucleic Acid Conjugates of Quinone Methide Precursors Alkylate Ribonucleic Acid after Activation with Light. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:639-645. [PMID: 31904221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quinone methide precursors 2 and 3 were protected with a photoreactive 2-nitrobenzyl group and conjugated to peptide nucleic acids (PNA) using a Huisgen click reaction. After brief irradiation at 365 nm, cross-linking with complementary RNA strands started and was analyzed with an ALFexpress sequencer. When this method was used, the gel temperature had a major influence on apparent rates. Quinone methides are known to form transient as well as stable bonds with nucleotides. Although both were detected at 25 °C, analysis at 57 °C only recorded the stable types of cross-links, suggesting much slower alkylation kinetics. Linker 11 allowed us to attach quinone methides to internal positions of the PNA/RNA duplex and to capture a model of miR-20a with good efficiency.
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4
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Deeyaa BD, Rokita SE. Migratory ability of quinone methide-generating acridine conjugates in DNA. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1671-1678. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00081g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Conversion of a bisquinone methide–acridine conjugate to its monofunctional analogue releases the constraints that limit migration of its reversible adducts within DNA.
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Rimpiläinen T, Andrade J, Nunes A, Ntungwe E, Fernandes AS, Vale JR, Rodrigues J, Gomes JP, Rijo P, Candeias NR. Aminobenzylated 4-Nitrophenols as Antibacterial Agents Obtained from 5-Nitrosalicylaldehyde through a Petasis Borono-Mannich Reaction. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16191-16202. [PMID: 31458255 PMCID: PMC6643621 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacteria are one of the current biggest threats to public health and are responsible for most nosocomial infections. Herein, we report the efficient and facile synthesis of antibacterial agents aminoalkylphenols, derived from 5-nitrosalicyladehyde and prepared through a Petasis borono-Mannich multicomponent reaction. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) as low as 1.23 μM for a chlorine derivative were determined for multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, namely, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, two of the main pathogens responsible for infections in a hospital environment. The most promising antibacterial agents were further tested against eight strains of four Gram-positive species in order to elucidate their antibacterial broadness. In vitro cytotoxicity assays of the most active aminoalkylphenol revealed considerably lower toxicity against mammalian cells, as concentrations one order of magnitude higher than the determined MICs were required to induce human keratinocyte cell death. The phenol moiety was verified to be important in deeming the antibacterial properties of the analyzed compounds, although no correlation between such properties and their antioxidant activity was observed. A density functional theory computational study substantiated the ability of aminoalkylphenols to serve as precursors of ortho-quinone methides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatu Rimpiläinen
- Laboratory
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere
University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Joana Andrade
- CBIOS-Universidade
Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Nunes
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, National Institute
of Health, Avenida Padre
Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Epole Ntungwe
- CBIOS-Universidade
Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana S. Fernandes
- CBIOS-Universidade
Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João R. Vale
- Laboratory
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere
University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland
- Instituto
de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Rodrigues
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, National Institute
of Health, Avenida Padre
Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Gomes
- Department
of Infectious Diseases, National Institute
of Health, Avenida Padre
Cruz, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patricia Rijo
- CBIOS-Universidade
Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto
de Investigação do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Faculdade
de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno R. Candeias
- Laboratory
of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere
University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33101 Tampere, Finland
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Bruins JJ, Albada B, van Delft F. ortho-Quinones and Analogues Thereof: Highly Reactive Intermediates for Fast and Selective Biofunctionalization. Chemistry 2017; 24:4749-4756. [PMID: 29068513 PMCID: PMC5900998 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fast, selective and facile functionalization of biologically relevant molecules is a pursuit of ever‐growing importance. A promising approach in this regard employs the high reactivity of quinone and quinone analogues for fast conjugation chemistry by nucleophilic addition or cycloadditions. Combined with in situ generation of these compounds, selective conjugation on proteins and surfaces can be uniquely induced in a time and spatially resolved manner: generation of a quinone can often be achieved by simple addition of an enzyme or stoichiometric amounts of chemoselective oxidant, or by exposure to light. In this Minireview, we discuss the generation and subsequent functionalization of quinones, iminoquinones, and quinone methides. We also discuss practical applications regarding these conjugation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorick J Bruins
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke Albada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris van Delft
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Zhu Y, Chen Z, Huang Z, Yan S, Li Z, Zhou H, Zhang X, Su Y, Zeng Z. AlCl₃·6H₂O-Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of Indoles by the para-Quinone Methide Moiety of Celastrol. Molecules 2017; 22:E742. [PMID: 28509859 PMCID: PMC6154665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A classical Friedel-Crafts alkylation of different indoles catalyzed by AlCl₃·6H₂O has been developed for a well-known important natural product, celastrol, resulting in a series of derivatives for further biological evaluation. The catalyst loading was reduced to 5 mol %, the reaction proceeds at ambient temperature and reaction time is only 3 h. The product yields range from 20% to 99%. A reaction mechanism is also proposed, based on our experiment results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Ziwen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhenfei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Siwei Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhuoer Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xiaokun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Ying Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Huang C, Liu Y, Rokita SE. Targeting duplex DNA with the reversible reactivity of quinone methides. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2016; 1. [PMID: 28458944 PMCID: PMC5407369 DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2016.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA alkylation and crosslinking remains a common and effective strategy for anticancer chemotherapy despite its infamous lack of specificity. Coupling a reactive group to a sequence-directing component has the potential to enhance target selectivity but may suffer from premature degradation or the need for an external signal for activation. Alternatively, quinone methide conjugates may be employed if they form covalent but reversible adducts with their sequence directing component. The resulting self-adducts transfer their quinone methide to a chosen target without an external signal and avoid off-target reactions by alternative intramolecular self-trapping. Efficient transfer is shown to depend on the nature of the quinone methide and the sequence-directing ligand in applications involving alkylation of duplex DNA through a triplex recognition motif. Success required an electron-rich derivative that enhanced the stability of the transient quinone methide intermediate and a polypyrimidine strand of DNA to associate with its cognate polypurine/polypyrimidine target. Related quinone methide conjugates with peptide nucleic acids were capable of quinone methide transfer from their initial precursor but not from their corresponding self-adduct. The active peptide nucleic acid derivatives were highly selective for their complementary target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Steven E Rokita
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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