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Hill R, Phipps J, Greenwood R, Skuse D, Zhang ZJ. The effect of pre-treatment and process conditions on the gas barrier properties of fibrillated cellulose films and coatings: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122085. [PMID: 38710579 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is a bio-material produced by disintegrating cellulose fibres into fibrillar components. MFC could offer a sustainable solution to packaging needs since it can form an excellent barrier to oxygen. However, a comprehensive understanding of how MFC characteristics impact barrier properties of MFC films or coatings is required. This article critically reviews how the extent of separation of fibres into fibrils-and any resulting changes to the crystallinity and degree of polymerisation of cellulose-influences gas barrier properties of MFC films or coatings. Findings from publications investigating the barrier performance of MFC prepared through different processes intending to increase the effectiveness of fibrillation are evaluated and compared. The effects of processing conditions or chemical pre-treatments on barrier properties of MFC films or coatings are then discussed. A comparison of reported results showed that morphology and size polydispersity of the cellulose strongly influence the barrier properties of MFC. However, changing the MFC production process to decrease fibril diameter and polydispersity can result in changes to cellulose crystallinity; reduction in fibril length; introduction of bulky functional groups; or increased fibril surface charge: all of which could have a negative impact on the barrier properties of the final films or coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Hill
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; FiberLean Technologies, Par Moor Road, Par PL24 2SQ, UK.
| | - Jon Phipps
- FiberLean Technologies, Par Moor Road, Par PL24 2SQ, UK.
| | - Richard Greenwood
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - David Skuse
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; FiberLean Technologies, Par Moor Road, Par PL24 2SQ, UK.
| | - Zhenyu Jason Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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2
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Jiang N, Hu Y, Cheng Y. TEMPO-Oxidized Nanocellulose Films Modified by Tea Saponin Derived from Camellia oleifera: Physicochemical, Mechanical, and Antibacterial Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1016. [PMID: 38611274 PMCID: PMC11014315 DOI: 10.3390/polym16071016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanocellulose materials have been widely used in biomedicine, food packaging, aerospace, composite material, and other fields. In this work, cellulose obtained from Camellia shells through alkali boiling and subbleaching was micro-dissolved and regenerated using the DMAc (N,N-Dimethylacetamide)/LiCl system, and TOCNs (TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers) with different degrees of oxidation. The membrane was prepared by filtration of polytetrafluoroethylene (pore size 0.1 μm), and the oxidized nanocellulose film was obtained after drying, Then, the crystallinity, mechanical properties and oxygen barrier properties of the TOCN film were investigated. Furthermore, based on TS (tea saponin) from Camellia oleifera seed cake and TOCNs, TS-TOCN film was prepared by the heterogeneous reaction. The TS-TOCN film not only shows excellent oxygen barrier properties (the oxygen permeability is 2.88 cc·m-2·d-1) but also has good antibacterial effects on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The antibacterial property is comparable to ZnO-TOCN with the same antibacterial content prepared by the in-situ deposition method. Antioxidant activity tests in vitro showed that TS-TOCN had a significant scavenging effect on DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals. This design strategy makes it possible for inexpensive and abundant Camellia oleifera remainders to be widely used in the field of biobased materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- School of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China; (Y.H.); (Y.C.)
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3
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Tang Z, Lin X, Yu M, Mondal AK, Wu H. Recent advances in TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers: Oxidation mechanism, characterization, properties and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129081. [PMID: 38161007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose is the richest renewable polymer source on the earth. TEMPO-mediated oxidized cellulose nanofibers are deduced from enormously available wood biomass and functionalized with carboxyl groups. The preparation procedure of TOCNFs is more environmentally friendly compared to other cellulose, for example, MFC and CNCs. Due to the presence of functional carboxyl groups, TOCNF-based materials have been studied widely in different fields, including biomedicine, wastewater treatment, bioelectronics and others. In this review, the TEMPO oxidation mechanism, the properties and applications of TOCNFs are elaborated. Most importantly, the recent advanced applications and the beneficial role of TOCNFs in the various abovementioned fields are discussed. Furthermore, the performances and research progress on the fabrication of TOCNFs are summarized. It is expected that this timely review will help further research on the invention of novel material from TOCNFs and its applications in different advanced fields, including biomedicine, bioelectronics, wastewater treatment, and the energy sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuwu Tang
- School of Materials and Packaging Engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350300, PR China
| | - Xinxing Lin
- School of Materials and Packaging Engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350300, PR China
| | - Meiqiong Yu
- School of Materials and Packaging Engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350300, PR China; College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China
| | - Ajoy Kanti Mondal
- Institute of National Analytical Research and Service, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China; National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, PR China.
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Mujtaba M, Lipponen J, Ojanen M, Puttonen S, Vaittinen H. Trends and challenges in the development of bio-based barrier coating materials for paper/cardboard food packaging; a review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158328. [PMID: 36037892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, petroleum-based synthetic plastics are used as a key barrier material in the paper-based packaging of several food and nonfood goods. This widespread usage of plastic as a barrier lining is not only harmful to human and marine health, but it is also polluting the ecosystem. Researchers and food manufacturers are focused on biobased alternatives because of its numerous advantages, including biodegradability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and structural flexibility. When used alone or in composites/multilayers, these biobased alternatives provide strong barrier qualities against grease, oxygen, microbes, air, and water. According to the most recent literature reports, biobased polymers for barrier coatings are having difficulty breaking into the business. Technological breakthroughs in the field of bioplastic production and application are rapidly evolving, proffering new options for academics and industry to collaborate and develop sustainable packaging solutions. Existing techniques, such as multilayer coating of nanocomposites, can be improved further by designing them in a more systematic manner to attain the best barrier qualities. Modified nanocellulose, lignin nanoparticles, and bio-polyester are among the most promising future candidates for nanocomposite-based packaging films with high barrier qualities. In this review, the state-of-art and research advancements made in biobased polymeric alternatives such as paper and board barrier coating are summarized. Finally, the existing limitations and potential future development prospects for these biobased polymers as barrier materials are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mujtaba
- Aalto University, Bioproduct and Biosystems, 02150 Espoo, Finland; VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, Espoo FI-02044, Finland.
| | - Juha Lipponen
- Aalto University, Bioproduct and Biosystems, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Mari Ojanen
- Kemira Oyj, Energiakatu 4, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Henri Vaittinen
- Valmet Technologies, Wärtsilänkatu 100, 04440 Järvenpää, Finland
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Selective Oxidation of Cellulose—A Multitask Platform with Significant Environmental Impact. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15145076. [PMID: 35888547 PMCID: PMC9324530 DOI: 10.3390/ma15145076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Raw cellulose, or even agro-industrial waste, have been extensively used for environmental applications, namely industrial water decontamination, due to their effectiveness, availability, and low production cost. This was a response to the increasing societal demand for fresh water, which made the purification of wastewater one of the major research issue for both academic and industrial R&D communities. Cellulose has undergone various derivatization reactions in order to change the cellulose surface charge density, a prerequisite condition to delaminate fibers down to nanometric fibrils through a low-energy process, and to obtain products with various structures and properties able to undergo further processing. Selective oxidation of cellulose, one of the most important methods of chemical modification, turned out to be a multitask platform to obtain new high-performance, versatile, cellulose-based materials, with many other applications aside from the environmental ones: in biomedical engineering and healthcare, energy storage, barrier and sensing applications, food packaging, etc. Various methods of selective oxidation have been studied, but among these, (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl) (TEMPO)-mediated and periodate oxidation reactions have attracted more interest due to their enhanced regioselectivity, high yield and degree of substitution, mild conditions, and the possibility to further process the selectively oxidized cellulose into new materials with more complex formulations. This study systematically presents the main methods commonly used for the selective oxidation of cellulose and provides a survey of the most recent reports on the environmental applications of oxidized cellulose, such as the removal of heavy metals, dyes, and other organic pollutants from the wastewater.
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Li J, Liu D, Li J, Yang F, Sui G, Dong Y. Fabrication and Properties of Tree-Branched Cellulose Nanofibers (CNFs) via Acid Hydrolysis Assisted with Pre-Disintegration Treatment. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122089. [PMID: 35745437 PMCID: PMC9230376 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the novel morphology of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) with a unique tree-branched structure was discovered by using acid hydrolysis assisted with pre-disintegration treatment from wood pulps. For comparison, the pulps derived from both softwood and hardwood were utilized to extract nanocellulose in order to validate the feasibility of proposed material fabrication technique. The morphology, crystalline structures, chemical structures, and thermal stability of nanocellulose were characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Prior to acid hydrolysis, softwood and hardwood pulps underwent the disintegration treatment in the fiber dissociator. It has been found that nanocellulose derived from disintegrated pulps possesses much longer fiber length (approximately 5-6 μm) and more evident tree-branched structures along with lower degree of crystallinity when compared with those untreated counterparts. The maximum mass loss rate of CNFs takes place at the temperature level of approximately 225 °C, and appears to be higher than that of cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs), which might be attributed to an induced impact of amorphous content. On the other hand, disintegration treatment is quite beneficial to the enhancement of tensile strength of nanocellulose films. This study elaborates a new route of material fabrication toward the development of well-tailored tree-branched CNFs in order to broaden the potential widespread applications of nanocellulose with diverse morphological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.L.); (F.Y.); (G.S.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongyan Liu
- Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.L.); (F.Y.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-24-83970093
| | - Junsheng Li
- Engineering Center of National New Raw Material Base Construction of Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110031, China;
| | - Fei Yang
- Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.L.); (F.Y.); (G.S.)
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Guoxin Sui
- Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (J.L.); (F.Y.); (G.S.)
| | - Yu Dong
- School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, P.O. Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
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7
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Li MX, Ren Y, Lee D, Choi SW. Crystallization Behavior and Electrical Properties of Nanoparticle-Reinforced Poly(lactic Acid)-Based Films. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14010177. [PMID: 35012199 PMCID: PMC8747221 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes with silver particles (MWNT-Ag) of different concentrations were used as nanofillers to prepare poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticle films through the solvent casting method. In this study, the effects of nanoparticles on the crystallization behavior, relationships between the dispersion and electrical properties, and hydrolytic degradation behaviors were investigated for the PLA/MWNT-Ag and PLA/rGO films. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to evaluate the crystallization behaviors of the PLA/MWNT-Ag and PLA/reduced GO (rGO) films. Electron probe microanalysis was performed to characterize the dispersion of MWNT-Ag, and X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used to determine the degree of dispersion of rGO in the PLA matrix. The results showed that nanoparticles enhanced the crystallization kinetics of PLA as well as the hydrolytic degradation rate. From the measurement of electrical properties, the electrical conductivity of PLA/MWNT-Ag 1.0 wt% was much higher than that of the pure PLA and PLA/rGO films, showing that MANT and Ag nanoparticles contribute greatly to enhancing the electrical conductivity of the PLA/MWNT-Ag films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Xian Li
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (M.-X.L.); (Y.R.)
| | - Yu Ren
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (M.-X.L.); (Y.R.)
- Xinfengming Group Huzhou Zhongshi Technology Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Dasom Lee
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Sung-Woong Choi
- Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong-si 53064, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-9103; Fax: +82-50-4099-8373
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8
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Soleimanian Y, Sanou I, Turgeon SL, Canizares D, Khalloufi S. Natural plant fibers obtained from agricultural residue used as an ingredient in food matrixes or packaging materials: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 21:371-415. [PMID: 34941013 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Every year, agrifood activities generate a large amount of plant byproducts, which have a low economical value. However, the valorization of these byproducts can contribute to increasing the intake of dietary fibers and reducing the environmental pollution. This review presents an overview of a wide variety of agricultural wastes applied in the formulation of different food products and sustainable packaging. In general, the incorporation of fibers into bakery, meat, and dairy products was successful, especially at a level of 10% or less. Fibers from a variety of crops improved the consistency, texture, and stability of sauce formulations without affecting sensory quality. In addition, fiber fortification (0.01-6.4%) presented considerable advantages in terms of rheology, texture, melting behavior, and fat replacement of ice cream, but in some cases had a negative impact on color and mouthfeel. In the case of beverages, promising effects on texture, viscosity, stability, and appetite control were obtained by the addition of soluble dietary fibers from grains and fruits with small particle size. Biocomposites used in packaging benefited from reinforcing effects of various plant fiber sources, but the extent of modification depended on the matrix type, fiber pretreatment, and concentration. The information synthesized in this contribution can be used as a tool to screen and select the most promising fiber source, fiber concentration, and pretreatment for specific food applications and sustainable packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasamin Soleimanian
- Soils Science and Agri-Food Engineering Department, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Ibrahima Sanou
- Soils Science and Agri-Food Engineering Department, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvie L Turgeon
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Food Science Department, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Diego Canizares
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Biosciences, Language and Physical Sciences (IBILCE), UNESP - São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Seddik Khalloufi
- Soils Science and Agri-Food Engineering Department, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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Geng B, Xu Z, Liang P, Zhang J, Christie P, Liu H, Wu S, Liu X. Three-dimensional macroscopic aminosilylated nanocellulose aerogels as sustainable bio-adsorbents for the effective removal of heavy metal ions. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:170-177. [PMID: 34478799 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Designing an environmentally benign bio-adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous medium was a sustainable strategy to ensure water safety. Herein, three-dimensional macroscopic aminosilyated nanocellulose aerogels (APTMS-modified TO-NFC) for the removal of heavy metal ions in water were successfully synthesized from bamboo-derived TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrillated cellulose (TO-NFC) and aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMs) via a facile freeze-drying process. Owing to a relatively high BET surface area (129.32 m2 g-1), high porosity (99.14%) as well as high substitution degree of amino groups (0.41), the resulting APTMS-modified TO-NFC aerogel exhibited good adsorption capacity of 99.0, 124.5, and 242.1 mg g-1 for Cu2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+, respectively. Furthermore, the crosslinked and three-dimensionally porous architecture imparted it with relatively high compression strength, good excellent stability in water, and ease of recyclability from water after the usage. The pH value of the solution had a great influence on adsorption efficiency of the aerogel adsorbent, and optimal adsorption efficiency could be achieved at pH 3-7. Thermodynamic parameters suggested the spontaneous and endothermic nature of adsorption process. This work provides a facile method for preparing sustainable bio-adsorbent for effective heavy metal ions removal from aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyao Geng
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, No. 666 Wusu Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, PR China
| | - Zhengyang Xu
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, No. 666 Wusu Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, PR China
| | - Peng Liang
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, No. 666 Wusu Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou 310023, PR China
| | - Peter Christie
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, No. 666 Wusu Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Liu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, No. 1 Qianhu South Road, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
| | - Shengchun Wu
- School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, No. 666 Wusu Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, PR China.
| | - Xiaohuan Liu
- School of Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, No. 666 Wusu Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou 311300, PR China.
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10
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Bryant SJ, da Silva MA, Hossain KMZ, Calabrese V, Scott JL, Edler KJ. Non-volatile conductive gels made from deep eutectic solvents and oxidised cellulose nanofibrils. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2252-2260. [PMID: 36133751 PMCID: PMC9419570 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00976h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ionogels offer huge potential for a number of applications including wearable electronics and soft sensors. However, their synthesis has been limited and often relies on non-renewable or non-biocompatible components. Here we present a novel two-component ionogel made using just deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and cellulose. DESs offer a non-volatile alternative to hydrogels with highly tuneable properties including conductivity and solvation of compounds with widely varying hydrophobicity. DESs can be easily made from cheap, biodegradable and biocompatible components. This research presents the characterisation of a series of soft conductive gels made from deep eutectic solvents (DESs), specifically choline chloride-urea and choline chloride-glycerol, with the sole addition of TEMPO-oxidised cellulose nanofibrils (OCNF). A more liquid-like rather than gel-like conductive material could be made by using the DES betaine-glycerol. OCNF are prepared from sustainable sources, and are non-toxic, and mild on the skin, forming gels without the need for surfactants or other gelling agents. These DES-OCNF gels are shear thinning with conductivities up to 1.7 mS cm-1 at ∼26 °C. Given the thousands of possible DESs, this system offers unmatched tunability and customisation for properties such as viscosity, conductivity, and yield behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saffron J Bryant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia
| | - Marcelo A da Silva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | | | - Vincenzo Calabrese
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Janet L Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
| | - Karen J Edler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY UK
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11
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Deng Y, Guan Q, He L, Li J, Peng L, Zhang J. The photothermal stability of CNFs/ZnAl-LDHs composited films: Influence of the crystal morphology of ZnAl-LDHs. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 263:117981. [PMID: 33858576 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The existence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups makes the photothermal stability of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) poor and thus limits its scale application. This problem could be solved by doping layered double hydroxides (LDHs) nanopowders with opposite charge on the surface of CNFs. This work mainly focused on investigation of the influence of the crystal morphology of the inorganic ultraviolet shielding agent (i.e. ZnAl-LDHs) on the thermal stability of CNFs/ZnAl-LDHs composited films. The results showed that the morphology of LDHs was positively correlated with the photothermal stability of CNFs-based films. Specially, the ZnAl-LDHs with uniform crystal morphology could be prepared by controlling the molar ratio of Zn/Al at 3:1 and thus enhance the photothermal stability of CNFs-based films without any serious light transmittance deteriorating after doping. This work provided a practical and effective way for preparation of photothermal-stable CNFs-based transparent films for industrial application in the fields of photonics and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Deng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Qingqing Guan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Liang He
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China.
| | - Jing Li
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China.
| | - Lincai Peng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
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12
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Ahankari SS, Subhedar AR, Bhadauria SS, Dufresne A. Nanocellulose in food packaging: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 255:117479. [PMID: 33436241 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The research in eco-friendly and sustainable materials for packaging applications with enhanced barrier, thermo-mechanical, rheological and anti-bacterial properties has accelerated in the last decade. Last decade has witnessed immense interest in employing nanocellulose (NC) as a sustainable and biodegradable alternative to the current synthetic packaging barrier films. This review article gathers the research information on NC as a choice for food packaging material. It reviews on the employment of NC and its various forms including its chemico-physical treatments into bio/polymers and its impact on the performance of nanocomposites for food packaging application. The review reveals the fact that the research trends towards NC based materials are quite promising for Active Packaging (AP) applications, including the Controlled Release Packaging (CRP) and Responsive Packaging (RP). Finally, it summarizes with the challenges of sustainable packaging, gray areas that need an improvement/focus in order to commercially exploit this wonderful material for packaging application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep S Ahankari
- School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore, TN, 632014, India.
| | - Aditya R Subhedar
- School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore, TN, 632014, India
| | - Swarnim S Bhadauria
- School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore, TN, 632014, India
| | - Alain Dufresne
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000, Grenoble, France
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13
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Shavandi A, Hosseini S, Okoro OV, Nie L, Eghbali Babadi F, Melchels F. 3D Bioprinting of Lignocellulosic Biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2001472. [PMID: 33103365 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The interest in bioprinting of sustainable biomaterials is rapidly growing, and lignocellulosic biomaterials have a unique role in this development. Lignocellulosic materials are biocompatible and possess tunable mechanical properties, and therefore promising for use in the field of 3D-printed biomaterials. This review aims to spotlight the recent progress on the application of different lignocellulosic materials (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) from various sources (wood, bacteria, and fungi) in different forms (including nanocrystals and nanofibers in 3D bioprinting). Their crystallinity, leading to water insolubility and the presence of suspended nanostructures, makes these polymers stand out among hydrogel-forming biomaterials. These unique structures give rise to favorable properties such as high ink viscosity and strength and toughness of the final hydrogel, even when used at low concentrations. In this review, the application of lignocellulosic polymers with other components in inks is reported for 3D bioprinting and identified supercritical CO2 as a potential sterilization method for 3D-printed cellulosic materials. This review also focuses on the areas of potential development by highlighting the opportunities and unmet challenges such as the need for standardization of the production, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of the cellulosic materials that underscore the direction of future research into the 3D biofabrication of cellulose-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter–Biomass Transformation Lab (BTL), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles Université Libre de Bruxelles Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50‐CP 165/61 Brussels 1050 Belgium
| | - Soraya Hosseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi 62102 Taiwan
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Department of Process Engineering Stellenbosch University Private Bag X1 Matieland 7602 South Africa
| | - Lei Nie
- College of Life Sciences Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000 China
| | - Farahnaz Eghbali Babadi
- Bio‐Circular‐Green‐economy Technology & Engineering Center BCGeTEC Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Road Bangkok 10330 Thailand
| | - Ferry Melchels
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot‐Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK
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Kamel R, El-Wakil NA, Dufresne A, Elkasabgy NA. Nanocellulose: From an agricultural waste to a valuable pharmaceutical ingredient. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1579-1590. [PMID: 32755697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose was and still is the most abundant biopolymer generated from all plant fibers including agricultural wastes. Using this waste as a starting material in the production of new products is a field of great interest. The demand for renewable and available resources in combination with advanced technologies is a necessity to develop new generations of advanced nanomaterials. This review aims to present integrated details on the extraction techniques and structure of nanofibrillated cellulose as well as cellulose nanocrystals derived from agricultural wastes besides the different treatment methods used to be suitable for several pharmaceutical applications. Different pharmaceutical applications are described, including controlled, sustained or rapid drug delivery, stabilizing agent, and its use as safe and sustained environment for cell culture allowing its use in tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab Kamel
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Nahla A El-Wakil
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Alain Dufresne
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LGP2, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Nermeen A Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo 11562, Egypt..
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15
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Cellulose nanofibrils and silver nanowires active coatings for the development of antibacterial packaging surfaces. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 240:116305. [PMID: 32475576 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An active ink composed of cellulose nanofibrils and silver nanowires was deposited on flexible and transparent polymer films using the bar coating process, achieving controlled thicknesses ranging from 200 nm up to 2 μm. For 350 nm thick coating on polyethylene terephthalate films, high transparency (75.6% transmittance) and strong reduction of bacterial growth equal to 89.3% and 100% was noted respectively against Gram-negative Escherichia Coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus Aureus bacteria using AATCC contact active standard test. Retained antibacterial activity was found with films produced by reverse gravure roll-to-roll process, showing the promising capability of this antibacterial solution to be deployed industrially. Finally, the same ink was also deposited on polylactic acid substrate to investigate barrier properties: for 350 nm thick coating, a reduction of 49% of oxygen transmission rate (dry conditions) and 47% reduction of water vapor transmission rate was noted, proving the enhanced barrier properties of the coatings.
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16
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Yang S, Wang T, Tang R, Yan Q, Tian W, Zhang L. Enhanced permeability, mechanical and antibacterial properties of cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membranes incorporated with lignocellulose nanofibrils. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:159-167. [PMID: 32061851 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose acetate (CA) ultrafiltration membranes are attracting more attention in wastewater purification due to its biodegradability and eco-friendly. The application of CA membranes, however, is limited by high susceptibility to bacterial corrosion and lack of mechanical tolerance that results in loss of life. To solve the above problems, we first fabricated the CA-based composite membranes incorporated with bamboo-based lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) by a strategy of phase inversion. LCNFs was prepared by using a combined method of one-step chemical pretreatment and acid hydrolysis coupled with high-pressure homogenization. The as-prepared CA/LCNFs composite membranes with 4 wt% lignin in the LCNFs exhibited high tensile strength of 7.08 MPa and strain-at-break of 12.21%, and high filtration permeability of 188.23 L·m-2·h-1 as ultrafiltration membranes for wastewater treatment, which could obviously inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qinglin Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weiqian Tian
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 56, Stockholm 10044, Sweden.
| | - Liping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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17
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Reyes G, Lundahl MJ, Alejandro-Martín S, Arteaga-Pérez LE, Oviedo C, King AWT, Rojas OJ. Coaxial Spinning of All-Cellulose Systems for Enhanced Toughness: Filaments of Oxidized Nanofibrils Sheathed in Cellulose II Regenerated from a Protic Ionic Liquid. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:878-891. [PMID: 31895545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels of TEMPO-oxidized nanocellulose were stabilized for dry-jet wet spinning using a shell of cellulose dissolved in 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-enium propionate ([DBNH][CO2Et]), a protic ionic liquid (PIL). Coagulation in an acidic water bath resulted in continuous core-shell filaments (CSFs) that were tough and flexible with an average dry (and wet) toughness of ∼11 (2) MJ·m-3 and elongation of ∼9 (14) %. The CSF morphology, chemical composition, thermal stability, crystallinity, and bacterial activity were assessed using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, wide-angle X-ray scattering, and bacterial cell culturing, respectively. The coaxial wet spinning yields PIL-free systems carrying on the surface the cellulose II polymorph, which not only enhances the toughness of the filaments but facilities their functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Reyes
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Maderas , Universidad del Bı́o-Bı́o , Av. Collao 1202, Casilla 5-C , Concepción , Chile
| | - Meri J Lundahl
- Biobased Colloids and Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering , Aalto University , Espoo 02150 , Finland
| | - Serguei Alejandro-Martín
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Maderas , Universidad del Bı́o-Bı́o , Av. Collao 1202, Casilla 5-C , Concepción , Chile.,Nanomaterials and Catalysts for Sustainable Processes (NanoCatpPS) , Universidad del Bı́o-Bı́o , Av. Collao 1202, Casilla 5-C , Concepción 4051381 , Chile
| | - Luis E Arteaga-Pérez
- Departamento de Ingeniería en Maderas , Universidad del Bı́o-Bı́o , Av. Collao 1202, Casilla 5-C , Concepción , Chile.,Nanomaterials and Catalysts for Sustainable Processes (NanoCatpPS) , Universidad del Bı́o-Bı́o , Av. Collao 1202, Casilla 5-C , Concepción 4051381 , Chile
| | - Claudia Oviedo
- Departamento de Química , Universidad del Bı́o-Bı́o , Av. Collao 1202, Casilla 5-C , Concepción 4051381 , Chile
| | - Alistair W T King
- Materials Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry , University of Helsinki , Helsinki 00100 , Finland
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Biobased Colloids and Materials, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering , Aalto University , Espoo 02150 , Finland.,Departments of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science , The University of British Columbia , 2360 East Mall , Vancouver BC V6T 1Z3 , Canada
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18
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Yu X, Wei Z, Lu Z, Pei H, Wang H. Activation of lignin by selective oxidation: An emerging strategy for boosting lignin depolymerization to aromatics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 291:121885. [PMID: 31377049 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is the most abundant, renewable aromatic resource on earth and holds great potential for the production of value-added chemicals. The efficient valorization of lignin requires to deal with several formidable challenges, especially to prevent it from re-condensation reactions during its depolymerization. Recently, a strategy involving the activation of lignin side chains by selective oxidation of the benzylic alcohol in β-O-4 linkages to facilitate lignin degradation to aromatic monomers has become very popular. This strategy provides great advantages for lignin selective degradation to high yields of aromatics under mild conditions, but requires an additional pre-oxidation step. The purpose of this review is to provide the latest cutting-edge innovations of this novel approach. Various catalytic systems, including those using chemo-catalytic methods, physio-chemo catalytic methods, and/or bio-catalytic methods, for the oxidative activation of lignin side chains are summarized. By analyzing the current situation of lignin depolymerization, certain promising directions are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Yu
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziqing Wei
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Zhixian Lu
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haisheng Pei
- Key Laboratory of Agro-products Postharvest Handing Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijjing 100121, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- College of Biomass Sciences and Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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19
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Alves L, Ferraz E, Gamelas J. Composites of nanofibrillated cellulose with clay minerals: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 272:101994. [PMID: 31394436 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.101994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Biopolymers-based composites are, in general, environmentally friendly materials, which can be obtained from renewable sources. Some of them can also present promising properties to be used in food packaging and electronic devices, being thus logical substitutes to petroleum-based polymers, specifically plastics. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) obtained by chemical/enzymatic pre-treatments followed by a mechanical treatment appear as a new suitable biomaterial. However, CNF are still quite expensive materials, due to the required chemicals/equipment/energy involved, and additionally, they present some limitations such as high hydrophilicity/high water vapour permeability. The combination of CNF with clay minerals, such as montmorillonite or kaolinite, as widely available geo-resources, represents an excellent way to reduce the amount of CNF used, enabling the production of valuable materials and reducing costs; and, at the same time it is possible to improve the characteristics of the formed materials, such as mechanical, gas barrier and fire retardancy properties, if appropriate conditions of preparation are used. Nevertheless, to obtain hybrid CNF/clay composites with superior properties it is necessary to ensure a good dispersion of the inorganic material in the CNF suspension and a good compatibility among the inorganic and organic components. To fulfil this goal, several strategies can be considered, including physical treatments of the suspensions, CNF and clay surface chemical modifications, and the use of a coupling agent. In this review article, the state-of-the-art on a new emerging generation of composites (films, foams or coatings) based on nanofibrillated cellulose and nanoclay, with focus on strategies for their preparation and most relevant achievements is critically reviewed, bearing in mind their potential application as substitutes for common plastics. A third component has been eventually added to these organic-inorganic hybrids, e.g., chitosan, carboxymethylcellulose, borate or epoxy resin, to enhance specific characteristics of the material. Some general background on the production of different types of CNF and their main properties is previously provided.
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20
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Sultana T, Van Hai H, Abueva C, Kang HJ, Lee SY, Lee BT. TEMPO oxidized nano-cellulose containing thermo-responsive injectable hydrogel for post-surgical peritoneal tissue adhesion prevention. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:12-21. [PMID: 31146982 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to present an effective injectable adhesion barrier comprised of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (TOCN), methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyethylene glycol. Hydrogels with different concentrations (0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1% w/v) of bio compatible TOCN were investigated to determine their abilities to prevent post-surgical peritoneal adhesion using a rat cecal wall abrasion model. Sol-gel transition at body temperature (37 °C) was optimized by adjusting concentration of sodium ions (Na+), with a gelation time of 45 ± 7 s. These TOCN containing hydrogels showed non cytotoxicity to rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (RBMSCs) and L929 fibroblast cells as cell models during in vitro assessment. Degradation studies revealed that, TOCN concentration in hydrogel was inversely proportional to hydrolytic degradation rate. From in vivo evaluations, TOCN 0.2 hydrogel significantly reduced peritoneal adhesion in rat (n = 8) compared to untreated controls based on gross observation, histological analysis, and expression analysis of marker proteins. By taking advantages of thermo gelling, high stability, non-invasive way of application and rapid recovery potential, TOCN containing bio compatible hydrogel could be used as a cost-effective barrier to efficiently inhibit post-surgical peritoneal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamanna Sultana
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Van Hai
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Celine Abueva
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoe Jin Kang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- Division of Environmental Material Engineering, Department of Forest Products, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea.
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Luo J, Zhang M, Yang B, Liu G, Tan J, Nie J, Song S. A promising transparent and UV-shielding composite film prepared by aramid nanofibers and nanofibrillated cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 203:110-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Thermoplastic Processing of PLA/Cellulose Nanomaterials Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10121363. [PMID: 30961288 PMCID: PMC6401737 DOI: 10.3390/polym10121363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, research has escalated on the use of polylactic acid (PLA) as a replacement for petroleum-based polymers. This is due to its valuable properties, such as renewability, biodegradability, biocompatibility and good thermomechanical properties. Despite possessing good mechanical properties comparable to conventional petroleum-based polymers, PLA suffers from some shortcomings such as low thermal resistance, heat distortion temperature and rate of crystallization, thus different fillers have been used to overcome these limitations. In the framework of environmentally friendly processes and products, there has been growing interest on the use of cellulose nanomaterials viz. cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and nanofibers (CNF) as natural fillers for PLA towards advanced applications other than short-term packaging and biomedical. Cellulosic nanomaterials are renewable in nature, biodegradable, eco-friendly and they possess high strength and stiffness. In the case of eco-friendly processes, various conventional processing techniques, such as melt extrusion, melt-spinning, and compression molding, have been used to produce PLA composites. This review addresses the critical factors in the manufacturing of PLA-cellulosic nanomaterials by using conventional techniques and recent advances needed to promote and improve the dispersion of the cellulosic nanomaterials. Different aspects, including morphology, mechanical behavior and thermal properties, as well as comparisons of CNC- and CNF-reinforced PLA, are also discussed.
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Recent Strategies in Preparation of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Cellulose Nanofibrils Derived from Raw Cellulose Materials. INT J POLYM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/7923068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent strategies in preparation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were described. CNCs and CNFs are two types of nanocelluloses (NCs), and they possess various superior properties, such as large specific surface area, high tensile strength and stiffness, low density, and low thermal expansion coefficient. Due to various applications in biomedical engineering, food, sensor, packaging, and so on, there are many studies conducted on CNCs and CNFs. In this review, various methods of preparation of CNCs and CNFs are summarized, including mechanical, chemical, and biological methods. The methods of pretreatment of cellulose are described in view of the benefits to fibrillation.
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