1
|
Cheng J, Hua X, Zhang G, Yu M, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Liu W, Chen Y, Wang H, Luo Y, Hou X, Xie X. Synthesis of high-crystallinity Zeolite A from rare earth tailings: Investigating adsorption performance on typical pollutants in rare earth mines. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133730. [PMID: 38368681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The ecological restoration of rare earth mines and the management of rare earth tailings have consistently posed global challenges, constraining the development of the rare earth industry. In this study, Zeolite A is efficiently prepared from the tailings of an ion-type rare earth mine in the southern Jiangxi Province of China. The resulting Zeolite A boasts exceptional qualities, including high crystallinity, a substantial specific surface area, and robust thermal stability. The optimum conditions for Zeolite synthesis are experimental determination and the adsorption properties of Zeolite A for typical pollutants (Cd2+, Cu2+, NH4+, PO43- and F-) in rare earth mines. The synthesised Zeolite A material is found to have strong adsorption properties. The adsorption mechanism is mainly cation exchange, and the priority of adsorption of pollutants is Cu2+> Cd2+ > NH4+ > PO43- > F-. Notably, the sodium Zeolite A material synthesized at room temperature can be effectively recycled multiple times. In summary, we propose a method to synthesise low cost and high adsorption zeolites using rare earth tailings. This will facilitate the reduction of rare earth tailings and the rehabilitation of rare earth mines. Our method has great potential as a rehabilitation technology for rare earth mines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xinlong Hua
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Guihai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Mengqin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yuejin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Jiangsu Fuhuan Environmental Science and Technology Co., LTD., Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province 210000, China
| | - Yidan Luo
- Key Laboratory for Microstructural Control of Metallic Materials of Jiangxi Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Xuechao Hou
- Power China Jiangxi Electric Power Engineering Co., LTD., Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330031, China
| | - Xianchuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Resource and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Jiangxi Nanxin Environmental Protection Technology Co. LTD, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province 330300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Munir N, Javaid A, Abideen Z, Duarte B, Jarar H, El-Keblawy A, Sheteiwy MS. The potential of zeolite nanocomposites in removing microplastics, ammonia, and trace metals from wastewater and their role in phytoremediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:1695-1718. [PMID: 38051490 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31185-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposites are emerging as a new generation of materials that can be used to combat water pollution. Zeolite-based nanocomposites consisting of combinations of metals, metal oxides, carbon materials, and polymers are particularly effective for separating and adsorbing multiple contaminants from water. This review presents the potential of zeolite-based nanocomposites for eliminating a range of toxic organic and inorganic substances, dyes, heavy metals, microplastics, and ammonia from water. The review emphasizes that nanocomposites offer enhanced mechanical, catalytic, adsorptive, and porosity properties necessary for sustainable water purification techniques compared to individual composite materials. The adsorption potential of several zeolite-metal/metal oxide/polymer-based composites for heavy metals, anionic/cationic dyes, microplastics, ammonia, and other organic contaminants ranges between approximately 81 and over 99%. However, zeolite substrates or zeolite-amended soil have limited benefits for hyperaccumulators, which have been utilized for phytoremediation. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential of zeolite-based composites for phytoremediation. Additionally, the development of nanocomposites with enhanced adsorption capacity would be necessary for more effective removal of pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelma Munir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Javaid
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 2727, Sharjah, UAE.
| | - Bernardo Duarte
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET-Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Heba Jarar
- Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Research Group, Research Institute for Sciences and Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 2727, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Mohamed S Sheteiwy
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Suleimenova M, Zharylkan S, Mekenova M, Mutushev A, Azat S, Tolepova A, Baimenov A, Satayeva A, Tauanov Z. Fusion-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Technogenic-Waste-Derived Zeolites and Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Mercury (II) Adsorption. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11317. [PMID: 37511078 PMCID: PMC10379650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis of zeolites derived from coal fly ash (CFA) using the fusion-assisted alkaline hydrothermal method. The zeolites were synthesized by combining CFA and NaOH at a molar ratio of 1:1.2 under fusion temperatures of 500, 600, and 700 °C. Subsequently, the obtained zeolites were subjected to further modifications through the incorporation of magnetic (Fe3O4) and silver (Ag0) nanoparticles (NPs). The Fe3O4 NPs were introduced through co-precipitation of Fe(NO3)2 and FeCl3 at a molar ratio of 1:1, followed by thermal curing at 120 °C. On the other hand, the Ag0 NPs were incorporated via ion exchange of Na+ with Ag+ and subsequent reduction using NaBH4. The synthesized porous materials exhibited the formation of zeolites, specifically analcime and sodalite, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Additionally, the presence of Fe3O4 and Ag0 NPs was also confirmed by XRD analysis. The elemental composition analysis of the synthesized nanocomposites further validated the successful formation of Fe3O4 and Ag0 NPs. Nitrogen porosimetric analysis revealed the formation of a microporous structure, with the BET surface area of the zeolites and nanocomposites ranging from 48.6 to 128.7 m2/g and pore sizes ranging from 0.6 to 4.8 nm. The porosimetric characteristics of the zeolites exhibited noticeable changes after the modification process, which can be attributed to the impregnation of Fe3O4 and Ag0 NPs. The findings of this research demonstrate the effectiveness of the fusion-assisted method in producing synthetic zeolites and nanocomposites derived from CFA. The resulting composites were evaluated for their potential application in the removal of mercury ions from aqueous solutions. Among the samples tested, the composite containing Ag0 NPs exhibited the highest adsorption capacity, reaching 107.4 mg of Hg2+ per gram of composite. The composites modified with Fe3O4 NPs and Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites displayed adsorption capacities of 68.4 mg/g and 71.4 mg/g, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madina Suleimenova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- LLP Scientific Production Technical Center "Zhalyn", Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Saule Zharylkan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- LLP Scientific Production Technical Center "Zhalyn", Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Meruyert Mekenova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- LLP Scientific Production Technical Center "Zhalyn", Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Alibek Mutushev
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- LLP Scientific Production Technical Center "Zhalyn", Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Seytkhan Azat
- LLP Scientific Production Technical Center "Zhalyn", Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
- Laboratory of Engineering Profile, Satbayev University, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
| | - Aidana Tolepova
- LLP Scientific Production Technical Center "Zhalyn", Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| | - Alzhan Baimenov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Aliya Satayeva
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhandos Tauanov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
- LLP Scientific Production Technical Center "Zhalyn", Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin S, Jiang X, Zhao Y, Yan J. Zeolite greenly synthesized from fly ash and its resource utilization: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158182. [PMID: 35995162 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fly ash is an incineration byproduct of thermal power plants. Due to the complex composition of fly ash, improper disposal will seriously harm the ecological environment. Therefore, how to effectively use fly ash to safely and environmentally replace landfills is a worldwide concern. Considering the high silicon and aluminum contents in fly ash, it has the potential to synthesize zeolite, which has a wide range of applications in sewage treatment, gas adsorption, etc. Therefore, the synthesis of zeolites from fly ash is consistent with the theme of sustainable development. The synthesis mechanism of zeolite, various synthetic methods of zeolite from fly ash and their advantages and disadvantages was introduced in detail. In addition, combined with the current research hotspots, the application of synthetic zeolite from fly ash in the fields of sewage treatment and gas adsorption was introduced. Finally, the future development prospects and research directions of synthetic zeolite from fly ash to improve the utilization rate of fly ash were considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunda Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang University, Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Lina, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang University, Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Lina, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yimeng Zhao
- Power China Hebei Electric Power Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd. D, No. 6 Jianhua North St., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianhua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Institute for Thermal Power Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang University, Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Lina, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Processing of coal gasification fine slag by different physical separation methods: Fate of typical heavy metals and comparison analysis on products. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Removal of Chromium (VI) and Lead (II) from Aqueous Solution Using Domestic Rice Husk Ash- (RHA-) Based Zeolite Faujasite. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/4544611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice husk ash (RHA), is a widely available biobased source for high purity silica. In this work, zeolite Faujasite (FAU) is synthesized using extracted silica from RHA (collected from a local region of Bangladesh). The synthesized zeolite FAU was used as an adsorbent for Cr(VI) and Pb (II) batch-wise adsorptive removal from respective aqueous solution. The synthesized zeolite FAU was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen-sorption, and Fourier transfer infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Metal ion adsorption studies were performed by varying metal concentration (20–100 mg/L for Cr(VI) and 900–133 mg/L for Pb(II)), sorbent dosage (2–10 g/L for chromium and 0.5–1.5 g/L for lead), and contact time (10–120 min for both metal ions). The maximum adsorption capacity of RHA-based zeolite FAU was found to be 3.56 mg/g and 342.16 mg/g for Cr(VI) and Pb(II), respectively. Since the sorption data was found to match with Langmuir isotherm, a monolayer adsorption was occurred. The regeneration of the RHA-based zeolite FAU by NaCl solution showed the potential of repeated as well as continuous operation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ma Z, Zhang X, Lu G, Guo Y, Song H, Cheng F. Hydrothermal synthesis of zeolitic material from circulating fluidized bed combustion fly ash for the highly efficient removal of lead from aqueous solution. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Feng W, Hu G, May EF, Li G. Synthesis of Zeolite from Circulated Fluidized Bed Coal Fly Ash. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01571k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) is known for its ability to significantly reduce the emission NOx and SO2 from coal combustion, the fly ash produced from CFBC (CFBFA), however, is...
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Y, Wang R, Qiu G, Jia W, Guo Y, Guo F, Wu J. Synthesis of Porous Material from Coal Gasification Fine Slag Residual Carbon and Its Application in Removal of Methylene Blue. Molecules 2021; 26:6116. [PMID: 34684697 PMCID: PMC8538715 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A large amount of coal gasification slag is produced every year in China. However, most of the current disposal is into landfills, which causes serious harm to the environment. In this research, coal gasification fine slag residual carbon porous material (GFSA) was prepared using gasification fine slag foam flotation obtained carbon residue (GFSF) as raw material and an adsorbent to carry out an adsorption test on waste liquid containing methylene blue (MB). The effects of activation parameters (GFSF/KOH ratio mass ratio, activation temperature, and activation time) on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of GFSA were investigated. The total specific surface area and pore volume of GSFA with the highest CEC were 574.02 m2/g and 0.467 cm3/g, respectively. The degree of pore formation had an important effect on CEC. The maximum adsorption capacity of GFSA on MB was 19.18 mg/g in the MB adsorption test. The effects of pH, adsorption time, amount of adsorbent, and initial MB concentration on adsorption efficiency were studied. Langmuir isotherm and quasi second-order kinetic model have a good fitting effect on the adsorption isotherm and kinetic model of MB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Coal Preparation and Purification, China University of Mining and Technology, No. 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China;
- Shandong Xuanyuan Scientific Engineering and Industrial Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Longgu, Juye, Heze 274918, China
| | - Rumeng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, No. 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China; (R.W.); (G.Q.); (W.J.); (Y.G.)
| | - Guofeng Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, No. 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China; (R.W.); (G.Q.); (W.J.); (Y.G.)
| | - Wenke Jia
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, No. 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China; (R.W.); (G.Q.); (W.J.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, No. 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China; (R.W.); (G.Q.); (W.J.); (Y.G.)
| | - Fanhui Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, No. 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China; (R.W.); (G.Q.); (W.J.); (Y.G.)
| | - Jianjun Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, No. 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China; (R.W.); (G.Q.); (W.J.); (Y.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Evaluation of the Thermal Behavior, Synergistic Catalysis, and Pollutant Emissions during the Co-Combustion of Sewage Sludge and Coal Gasification Fine Slag Residual Carbon. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The conversion of solid waste into energy through combustion is sustainable and economical. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate and quantify the co-combustion characteristics, synergistic catalysis, and gaseous pollutant emission patterns of sewage sludge (SS) and coal gasification fine slag residual carbon (RC) as well as their blends through thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The results showed that the co-combustion of SS and RC can not only improve the ignition and burnout property but also maintain the combustion stability and comprehensive combustion performance at a better level. The kinetic analysis results showed that a first-order chemical reaction and three-dimensional diffusion are the reaction mechanisms during the co-combustion of SS and RC. The synergistic catalysis between SS and RC can well explain the changes in activation energy and reaction mechanism. Furthermore, the blending ratio of SS is recommended to be maintained at 40% because of the lowest activation energy (Ea = 81.6 kJ/mol) and the strongest synergistic effect (Xi = 0.36). The emission of gaseous pollutants is corresponding to the primary combustion stages of SS, RC, and their blends. In co-combustion, the NH3, HCN, NOx, and SO2 emissions gradually rise with the increase of SS proportion in the blends due to the high content of organic compounds in SS.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hu G, Dai B. Advances of 12th CAPS research symposium: young chemists and chemical engineers fronts. Front Chem Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-020-2026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
12
|
Eco-Friendly Materials Obtained by Fly Ash Sulphuric Activation for Cadmium Ions Removal. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13163584. [PMID: 32823715 PMCID: PMC7476049 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Wastes are the sustainable sources of raw materials for the synthesis of new adsorbent materials. This study has as objectives the advanced capitalization of fly ash, by sulphuric acid activation methods, and testing of synthesized materials for heavy metals removal. Based on the previous studies, the synthesis parameters were 1/3 s/L ratio, 80 °C temperature and 10% diluted sulphuric acid, which permitted the synthesis of an eco-friendly adsorbent. The prepared adsorbent was characterized through SEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD and BET methods. Adsorption studies were carried out for the removal of Cd2+ ions, recognized as ions dangerous for the environment. The effects of adsorbent dose, contact time and metal ion concentrations were studied. The data were tested in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm and it was found that the Langmuir isotherm fitted the adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 28.09 mg/g. Kinetic data were evaluated with the pseudo-first-order model, the pseudo-second-order model and the intraparticle diffusion model. The kinetics of cadmium adsorption into eco-friendly material was described with the pseudo-second-order model, which indicated the chemisorption mechanism.
Collapse
|