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Wei J, Zhao M, Meng K, Xia G, Pan Y, Li C, Zhang W. The Diuretic Effects of Coconut Water by Suppressing Aquaporin and Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System in Saline-Loaded Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:930506. [PMID: 35811978 PMCID: PMC9262403 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.930506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute and prolonged diuretic effects of coconut water (CW) and the underlying mechanism were investigated with a saline-loaded rat model. In an acute diuretic experiment, CW could significantly increase urine excretion. In addition, the treatment of CW significantly increased urinary sodium and chloride ions, thereby considerably increasing the excretion of NaCl. However, the calcium concentration and pH value were not affected. In the prolonged diuretic experiment, CW dramatically increased the urine output and urine electrolyte concentrations (Na+, K+, and Cl–). Furthermore, CW could suppress the activation of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system by decreasing serum antidiuretic hormone, angiotensin II, and aldosterone levels, and significantly increasing the serum atriopeptin level. CW treatment significantly reduced the mRNA expressions and protein levels of aquaporin 1 (AQP1), AQP2, and AQP 3. This report provided basic data for explaining the natural tropical beverage of CW as an alternative diuretic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan Institute for Food Control, Haikou, China
| | - Mantong Zhao
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Keke Meng
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Guanghua Xia
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan Institute for Food Control, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Guanghua Xia,
| | - Yonggui Pan
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Congfa Li
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Hainan Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Resources Efficient Utilization in South China Sea, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Seafood Processing of Haikou, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan Institute for Food Control, Haikou, China
- Weimin Zhang,
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In Vivo Diuretic Activity of Hydromethanolic Extract and Solvent Fractions of the Root Bark of Clerodendrum myricoides Hochst. (Lamiaceae). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1718708. [PMID: 33376495 PMCID: PMC7746458 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1718708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clerodendrum myricoides (Lamiaceae) has been traditionally used for the treatment of various ailments, including body swelling and urine retention. The present study aimed to evaluate the diuretic activity of a crude extract and solvent fractions of the root bark of C. myricoides. Methodology. The coarsely powdered root bark of C. myricoides was extracted by a cold maceration method using 80% methanol. A portion of the extract was fractionated based on the polarity index of solvents to obtain chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions. To investigate the diuretic activity of the plant, rats were divided into fifteen groups. The normal control groups received either water or 2% tween 80, the standard group received furosemide (10 mg/kg), and the test groups were administered the hydromethanolic extract and solvent fractions at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg by the oral route. The urine volume, urine pH, urine, and serum electrolytes were determined and compared with the standard and normal control groups. RESULTS The crude hydromethanolic extract, ethyl acetate, and chloroform fractions induced significant diuresis at a dose of 400 mg/kg (P < 0.001) compared to the aqueous fraction. The hydromethanolic extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg also caused noticeable diuresis (P < 0.001) compared to the standard, furosemide. Rats treated with hydromethanolic extract, ethyl acetate, and chloroform fractions showed delayed onset and prolonged diuresis in a dose-dependent fashion compared to the aqueous fraction (P < 0.05). The hydromethanolic extract and solvent fractions produced the highest saliuretic and natriuretic index compared to the standard, furosemide. The crude hydromethanolic extract also failed to produce any sign of toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg. CONCLUSION From this study, the hydromethanolic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of the root bark of C. myricoides produced a prominent diuretic effect in rats.
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Trullàs JC, Casado J, Morales-Rull JL, Formiga F, Manzano L. Prevalence and outcome of diuretic resistance in heart failure: reply. Intern Emerg Med 2019; 14:633-634. [PMID: 30840188 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-019-02064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan-Carles Trullàs
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital de Olot, Av. Dels Països Catalans, 86, 17800, Olot, Girona, Spain.
- Medical Sciences Department, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Jesús Casado
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose-Luís Morales-Rull
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario "Arnau de Vilanova", IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Francesc Formiga
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Manzano
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital Universitario Ramón Y Cajal, Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
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