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Malavasi VL, Vitolo M, Colella J, Montagnolo F, Mantovani M, Proietti M, Potpara TS, Lip GYH, Boriani G. Rhythm- or rate-control strategies according to 4S-AF characterization scheme and long-term outcomes in atrial fibrillation patients: the FAMo (Fibrillazione Atriale in Modena) cohort. Intern Emerg Med 2022; 17:1001-1012. [PMID: 34855117 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-021-02890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The 4S-AF scheme [Stroke risk, Symptom severity, Severity of atrial fibrillation (AF) burden, Substrate severity] was recently proposed to characterize AF patients. In this post hoc analysis we evaluated the agreement between the therapeutic strategy (rate or rhythm control, respectively), as suggested by the 4S-AF scheme, and the actual strategy followed in a patients cohort. Outcomes of interest were as follows: all-cause death, a composite of all-cause death/any thromboembolism/acute coronary syndrome, and a composite of all-cause death, any thrombotic/ischemic event, and major bleeding (net clinical outcome). We enrolled 615 patients: 60.5% male, median age 74 [interquartile range (IQR) 67-80] years; median CHA2DS2VASc 4 and median HAS-BLED 2. The 4S-AF score would have suggested a rhythm-control strategy in 351 (57.1%) patients while a rate control in 264 (42.9%). The strategy adopted was concordant with the 4S-AF suggestions in 342 (55.6%) cases, and non-concordant in 273 (44.4%). After a median follow-up of 941 days (IQR 365-1282), 113 (18.4%) patients died, 158 (25.7%) had an event of the composite endpoint. On adjusted Cox regression analysis, when 4S-AF score suggested rate control, disagreement with that suggestion was not associated with a worse outcome. When 4S-AF indicated rhythm control, disagreement was associated with a higher risk of all-cause death (HR 7.59; 95% CI 1.65-35.01), and of the composite outcome (HR 2.69; 95% CI 1.19-6.06). The 4S-AF scheme is a useful tool to comprehensively evaluate AF patients and aid the decision-making process. Disagreement with the rhythm control suggestion of the 4S-AF scheme was associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo L Malavasi
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Vitolo
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jacopo Colella
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesca Montagnolo
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Mantovani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Proietti
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatjana S Potpara
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Intensive Arrhythmia Care, Cardiology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Cardiology Division, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Policlinico di Modena, Via del Pozzo, 71, 41124, Modena, Italy.
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Prevalence of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation and Associated Outcomes in Patients with Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040547. [PMID: 35455662 PMCID: PMC9026551 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) is a common complication in patients with sepsis, although its prevalence and impact on outcomes are still unclear. We aim to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis on the prevalence of NOAF in patients with sepsis, and its impact on in-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) mortality. Methods: PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched on 26 December 2021. Studies reporting on the prevalence of NOAF and/or its impact on in-hospital mortality or ICU mortality in patients with sepsis or septic shock were included. The pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, as well as the risk ratios (RR), 95%CI and 95% prediction intervals (PI) for outcomes. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions were performed to account for heterogeneity. Results: Among 4988 records retrieved from the literature search, 22 articles were included. Across 207,847 patients with sepsis, NOAF was found in 13.5% (95%CI: 8.9–20.1%), with high heterogeneity between studies; significant subgroup differences were observed, according to the geographical location, study design and sample size of the included studies. A multivariable meta-regression model showed that sample size and geographical location account for most of the heterogeneity. NOAF patients showed an increased risk of both in-hospital mortality (RR: 1.69, 95%CI: 1.47–1.96, 95%PI: 1.15–2.50) and ICU mortality (RR: 2.12, 95%CI: 1.86–2.43, 95%PI: 1.71–2.63), with moderate to no heterogeneity between the included studies. Conclusions: NOAF is a common complication during sepsis, being present in one out of seven individuals. Patients with NOAF are at a higher risk of adverse events during sepsis, and may need specific therapeutical interventions.
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Pucci G, Santoni E, Bisogni V, Calandri C, Cerasari A, Dominioni I, Sanesi L, D'Abbondanza M, Veca V, Vaudo G. Screening for atrial fibrillation during automated blood pressure measurement among patients admitted to internal medicine ward. Intern Emerg Med 2021; 16:1605-1611. [PMID: 33743149 PMCID: PMC8354958 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-021-02691-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the commonest sustained cardiac arrhythmia affecting the adult population, is often casually discovered among hospitalized people. AF onset is indeed triggered by several clinical conditions such as acute inflammatory states, infections, and electrolyte disturbance, frequently occurring during the hospitalization. We aimed to evaluate whether systematic AF screening, performed through an automated oscillometric blood pressure (BP) device (Microlife WatchBP Office AFIB, Microlife AG, Switzerland), is effective for detecting AF episodes in subjects admitted to an Internal Medicine ward. 163 patients consecutively hospitalized at the Unit of Internal Medicine of the "Santa Maria" Terni University Hospital between November 2019 and January 2020 (mean age ± standard deviation: 77 ± 14 years, men proportion: 40%) were examined. Simultaneously with BP measurement and AF screening, a standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed in all subjects. AF was diagnosed by ECG in 29 patients (18%). AF screening showed overall 86% sensitivity and 96% specificity. False negatives (n = 4) had RR-interval coefficient of variation lower than true positives (n = 25, p < 0.01), suggesting a regular ventricular rhythm during AF. The repeated evaluation substantially confirmed the same level of agreement. AF screening was positive in all patients with new-onset AF (n = 6, 100%). Systematic AF screening in patients admitted to Internal Medicine wards, performed using the Microlife WatchBP Office AFIB, is feasible and effective. The opportunity to implement such technology in daily routine clinical practice to prevent undiagnosed AF episodes in hospitalized patients should be the subject of further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Pucci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, University of Perugia, Piazzale Tristano Di Joannuccio, 1, T05100, Terni, Italy.
| | - Edoardo Santoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Valeria Bisogni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Camilla Calandri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Alberto Cerasari
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Irene Dominioni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Leandro Sanesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Marco D'Abbondanza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Vito Veca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Gaetano Vaudo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Terni University Hospital, Terni, Italy
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Biscetti F, Nicolazzi MA, Flex A, Landolfi R. Internists feel the rhythm. Intern Emerg Med 2020; 15:183-185. [PMID: 31598829 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-019-02202-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- UOC Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia
| | - Maria Anna Nicolazzi
- UOC Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia
| | - Andrea Flex
- UOC Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italia
| | - Raffaele Landolfi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Roma, 00168, Italia.
- Direttore UOC Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia.
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