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Cationic gemini surfactant properties, its potential as a promising bioapplication candidate, and strategies for improving its biocompatibility: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 299:102581. [PMID: 34891074 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gemini surfactants consist of two cationic monomers of a surfactant linked together with a spacer. The specific structure of a cationic gemini surfactant is the reason for both its high surface activity and its ability to decrease the surface tension of water. The high surface activity and unique structure of gemini surfactants result in outstanding properties, including antibacterial and antifungal activity, anticorrosion properties, unique aggregation behaviour, the ability to form various structures reversibly in response to environmental conditions, and interactions with biomacromolecules such as DNA and proteins. These properties can be tailored by selecting the optimal structure of a gemini surfactant in terms of the nature and length of its alkyl substituents, spacer, and head group. Additionally, regarding their properties, comparison with their monomeric counterparts demonstrates that gemini surfactants have higher performance efficacy at lower concentrations. Hence, less material is needed, and the toxicity is lower. However, there are some limitations regarding their biocompatibility that have led researchers to develop amino acid-based and sugar-based gemini surfactants. Owing to their remarkable properties, cationic gemini surfactants are promising candidates for bioapplications such as drug delivery systems, gene carriers, and biomaterial surface modification.
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Brycki BE, Szulc A, Kowalczyk I, Koziróg A, Sobolewska E. Antimicrobial Activity of Gemini Surfactants with Ether Group in the Spacer Part. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195759. [PMID: 34641303 PMCID: PMC8510121 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their large possibility of the structure modification, alkylammonium gemini surfactants are a rapidly growing class of compounds. They exhibit significant surface, aggregation and antimicrobial properties. Due to the fact that, in order to achieve the desired utility effect, the minimal concentration of compounds are used, they are in line with the principle of greenolution (green evolution) in chemistry. In this study, we present innovative synthesis of the homologous series of gemini surfactants modified at the spacer by the ether group, i.e., 3-oxa-1,5-pentane-bis(N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium bromides). The critical micelle concentrations were determined. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the synthesized compounds were determined against bacteria Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538; yeast Candida albicans ATCC 10231; and molds Aspergillus niger ATCC 16401 and Penicillium chrysogenum ATCC 60739. We also investigated the relationship between antimicrobial activity and alkyl chain length or the nature of the spacer. The obtained results indicate that the synthesized compounds are effective microbicides with a broad spectrum of biocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumil Eugene Brycki
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-61-829-1694
| | - Adrianna Szulc
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Iwona Kowalczyk
- Department of Bioactive Products, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (A.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Anna Koziróg
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Sobolewska
- Interdisciplinary Doctoral School of the Lodz University of Technology, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland;
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Huang H, Huang X, Quan H, Su X. Soybean-Oil-Based CO 2-Switchable Surfactants with Multiple Heads. Molecules 2021; 26:4342. [PMID: 34299617 PMCID: PMC8305017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligomeric surfactants display the novel properties of low surface activity, low critical micellar concentration and enhanced viscosity, but no CO2 switchable oligomeric surfactants have been developed so far. The introduction of CO2 can convert tertiary amine reversibly to quaternary ammonium salt, which causes switchable surface activity. In this study, epoxidized soybean oil was selected as a raw material to synthesize a CO2-responsive oligomeric surfactant. After addition and removal of CO2, the conductivity analyzing proves that the oligomeric surfactant had a good response to CO2 stimulation. The viscosity of the oligomeric surfactant solution increased obviously after sparging CO2, but returned to its initial low viscosity in the absence of CO2. This work is expected to open a new window for the study of bio-based CO2-stimulated oligomeric surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.H.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.H.); (X.H.)
| | - Hongping Quan
- Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Xindu 610500, China;
| | - Xin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (H.H.); (X.H.)
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Pratap AP, Datir K, Mane S, Shukla G. Synthesis of dimeric surfactant based on neem fatty acid and its characterization. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Koziróg A, Kręgiel D, Brycki B. Action of Monomeric/Gemini Surfactants on Free Cells and Biofilm of Asaia lannensis. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22112036. [PMID: 29165338 PMCID: PMC6150408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22112036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the biological activity of surfactants based on quaternary ammonium compounds: gemini surfactant hexamethylene-1,6-bis-(N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecylammonium bromide) (C6), synthesized by the reaction of N,N-dimethyl-N-dodecylamine with 1,6-dibromohexane, and its monomeric analogue dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB). The experiments were performed with bacteria Asaia lannensis, a common spoilage in the beverage industry. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined using the tube standard two-fold dilution method. The growth and adhesive properties of bacterial cells were studied in different culture media, and the cell viability was evaluated using plate count method. Both of the surfactants were effective against the bacterial strain, but the MIC of gemini compound was significantly lower. Both C6 and DTAB exhibited anti-adhesive abilities. Treatment with surfactants at or below MIC value decreased the number of bacterial cells that were able to form biofilm, however, the gemini surfactant was more effective. The used surfactants were also found to be able to eradicate mature biofilms. After 4 h of treatment with C6 surfactant at concentration 10 MIC, the number of bacterial cells was reduced by 91.8%. The results of this study suggest that the antibacterial activity of the gemini compound could make it an effective microbiocide against the spoilage bacteria Asaia sp. in both planktonic and biofilm stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koziróg
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Dorota Kręgiel
- Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bogumił Brycki
- Laboratory of Microbiocides Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Umultowska 89b, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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Xu Y, Gao H, Shen Y, Chai S, Zhang J, Zou Q. Application of Gemini quaternary ammonium with ester groups in cationic P(St-co-BA) nanolatex and study on its antibacterial properties. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 80:417-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Biological evaluation of tetracationic compounds based on two 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane moieties connected by different linkers. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:6012-6020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Nuzhdina AV, Morozov AS, Kopitsyna MN, Strukova EN, Shlykova DS, Bessonov IV, Lobakova ES. Simple and versatile method for creation of non-leaching antimicrobial surfaces based on cross-linked alkylated polyethyleneimine derivatives. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 70:788-795. [PMID: 27770956 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Novel quaternized polyethyleneimine and cross-linked polyethyleneimine derivatives have been synthesized using both traditional and microwave-assisted techniques to create antimicrobial coatings, with octyl, dodecyl, or hexadecyl bromides as alkylating agent and various bifunctional electrophiles as cross-linkers. Quaternization has been performed using methyl iodide or dimethyl sulfate; it has been shown that methyl iodide has no advantages over dimethyl sulfate. Antimicrobial activity of the polymers against Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa) bacteria has been evaluated. Antimicrobial activity declines with increase in the alkylating agent chain length. Equimolar ratio of the alkylating agent and the primary amino groups in polyethyleneimine is optimal. Although cross-linking decreases the antimicrobial activity of quaternized polyethyleneimines, it improves their "non-leaching" properties (i.e. minimizes undesirable water washout of the polymeric coatings).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia V Nuzhdina
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey S Morozov
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria N Kopitsyna
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena N Strukova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 119021, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str, 11-1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daria S Shlykova
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, 119021, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya str, 11-1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V Bessonov
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena S Lobakova
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskie Gory, 1-12, Moscow, Russia.
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Zhu HL, Hu ZY, Ma XM, Wang JL, Cao DL. Synthesis, Surface and Antimicrobial Activities of Cationic Gemini Surfactants with Semi-Rigid Spacers. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-015-1777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hu Y, Shen B, Li B, Xu M, Jiang G, Kan C. Preparation and properties of a novel polymerizable amphiphilic anthraquinone derivative and its cationic colored copolymer latexes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02326f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerizable amphiphilic dye was synthesized and used to prepare colored copolymer latexes. The amphiphilic structure overcomes the solubility limitation, dye conversion and color depth. The covalently colored film has enhanced light fastness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Boyuan Shen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Botian Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis of Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Chengyou Kan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education of China
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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