A Surface Plasmon Resonance Optical Fibre Sensor for Testing Detergent Cleaning Efficiency

Revealing Detergent Efficiency and Mechanism by Real-Time Measurement Using a Novel and Tailored QCM-D methodology

Currently there is a lack of knowledge on how to scientifically and rapidly screen new detergent formulations. To address this, we employed the Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation technique which allows real-time acquisition of the cleaning process. Using an automated multichannel setup enabled rapid, simultaneous screening of eight formulations in regard to cleaning rate, soil swelling and soil removal. Herein, 9 commercially available dishwashing formulations are screened and ranked based on their ability to remove/swell standardized cooking grease soiled onto a silica surface. Moreover, we observed that soil swelling can be monitored via the dissipation factor. In summary, we present a real-time in-situ method for detergent formulation screening during the R&D phase of new detergents.