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Jardini MAN, Pedroso JF, Ferreira CL, Nunes CMM, Reichert CO, Aldin MN, Figueiredo Neto AM, Levy D, Damasceno NRT. Effect of adjuvant probiotic therapy (Lactobacillus reuteri) in the treatment of periodontitis associated with diabetes mellitus: clinical, controlled, and randomized study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:80. [PMID: 38183505 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Subgingival instrumentation (SI) with probiotics may be a proposal for the treatment of periodontitis (P), for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The Lactobacillus reuteri probiotic as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of P associated with T2DM was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty diabetic participants diagnosed with P (stage III and IV, grade B) were randomized into SI + Placebo (n = 20): subgingival instrumentation plus placebo lozenges and SI + Probi (n = 20): subgingival instrumentation plus probiotics. Probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BoP), and PISA index were performed at baseline and 30, 90, and 180 days. Cytokine concentration in the gingival crevicular fluid, subgingival biofilm sample, and LDL and HDL subfractions were evaluated. RESULTS In the deep pockets, PD in SI + Probi showed increased values (p = 0.02) compared to SI + Placebo at 90 days. For CAL, SI + Probi showed increased values compared to SI + Placebo, with a significant difference at 30 days (p = 0.03), 90 days (p = 0.02), and 180 days (p = 0.04). At #PD ≥ 7 mm, SI + Probi had a more frequent number of sites (p = 0.03) compared to SI + Placebo only at baseline. For the PISA, SI + Probi showed a significant difference (p = 0.04) compared to SI + Placebo at 90 days. For cytokines, SI + Probi showed higher quantification than SI + Placebo for IL-10 (p < 0.001) at 90 days, IL-12 (p = 0.010) at 90 days, IL-1β (p = 0.035) at 90 days, and IL-8 (p = 0.003) at baseline. SI + Placebo showed higher quantification of IL-1β (p = 0.041) compared to SI + Probi only at 30 days. There was a reduction in all microbial complexes. SI + Probi improved LDL size (246.7 nm vs 260.4 nm; p < 0.001), while large HDL subfractions were reduced aft 180 days of treatment (24.0% vs 20.3%; p = 0.022) when compared with SI + Placebo; this response was dependent of probiotics (1.0 mg/dL vs - 6.2 mg/dL; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Subgingival instrumentation improved the clinical periodontal parameters in patients with T2DM. The use of L. reuteri probiotics had no additional effects compared with the placebo; however, there was a positive effect on the lipoprotein subfraction. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Scientific rationale for study: subgingival instrumentation with probiotics may be a proposal for the treatment of periodontitis (P), especially for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS the use of L. reuteri probiotics had no additional effects compared with the placebo; however, there was a positive effect on the lipoprotein subfraction. Practical implications: L. reuteri as an adjunct to subgingival instrumentation may have significant therapeutic implications in dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Institute of Science and Technology of São José Dos Campos, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), São José Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Fatima Pedroso
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Institute of Science and Technology of São José Dos Campos, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), São José Dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Camilla Magnoni Moretto Nunes
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Institute of Science and Technology of São José Dos Campos, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), São José Dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Cadiele Oliana Reichert
- Lipids, Oxidation and Cell Biology Team-LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlene Nunez Aldin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Debora Levy
- Lipids, Oxidation and Cell Biology Team-LIM-19, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Mironov AA, Beznoussenko GV. Opinion: On the Way towards the New Paradigm of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042152. [PMID: 35216269 PMCID: PMC8879789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multicausal disease characterized by the formation of cholesterol-containing plaque in the pronounced intima nearest to the heart's elastic-type arteries that have high levels of blood circulation. Plaques are formed due to arterial pressure-induced damage to the endothelium in areas of turbulent blood flow. It is found in the majority of the Western population, including young people. This denies the monogenic mechanism of atherogenesis. In 1988, Orekhov et al. and Kawai et al. discovered that the presence of atherogenic (modified, including oxidized ones) LDLs is necessary for atherogenesis. On the basis of our discovery, suggesting that the overloading of enterocytes with lipids could lead to the formation of modified LDLs, we proposed a new hypothesis explaining the main factors of atherogenesis. Indeed, when endothelial cells are damaged and then pass through the G2 phase of their cell cycle they secrete proteins into their basement membrane. This leads to thickening of the basement membrane and increases its affinity to LDL especially for modified ones. When the enterocyte transcytosis pathway is overloaded with fat, very large chylomicrons are formed, which have few sialic acids, circulate in the blood for a long time, undergo oxidation, and can induce the production of autoantibodies. It is the sialic acids that shield the short forks of the polysaccharide chains to which autoantibodies are produced. Here, these data are evaluated from the point of view of our new model.
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3
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Borén J, Chapman MJ, Krauss RM, Packard CJ, Bentzon JF, Binder CJ, Daemen MJ, Demer LL, Hegele RA, Nicholls SJ, Nordestgaard BG, Watts GF, Bruckert E, Fazio S, Ference BA, Graham I, Horton JD, Landmesser U, Laufs U, Masana L, Pasterkamp G, Raal FJ, Ray KK, Schunkert H, Taskinen MR, van de Sluis B, Wiklund O, Tokgozoglu L, Catapano AL, Ginsberg HN. Low-density lipoproteins cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: pathophysiological, genetic, and therapeutic insights: a consensus statement from the European Atherosclerosis Society Consensus Panel. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:2313-2330. [PMID: 32052833 PMCID: PMC7308544 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 702] [Impact Index Per Article: 234.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M John Chapman
- Endocrinology-Metabolism Division, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Ronald M Krauss
- Department of Atherosclerosis Research, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute and UCSF, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Chris J Packard
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jacob F Bentzon
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Heart Diseases, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mat J Daemen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda L Demer
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerald F Watts
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Cardiology, Lipid Disorders Clinic, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Eric Bruckert
- INSERM UMRS1166, Department of Endocrinology-Metabolism, ICAN - Institute of CardioMetabolism and Nutrition, AP-HP, Hopital de la Pitie, Paris, France
| | - Sergio Fazio
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Center of Preventive Cardiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Brian A Ference
- Centre for Naturally Randomized Trials, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jay D Horton
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Laufs
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstraße 20, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Luis Masana
- Research Unit of Lipids and Atherosclerosis, IISPV, CIBERDEM, University Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Llorenç 21, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frederick J Raal
- Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kausik K Ray
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Lazarettstr, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Marja-Riitta Taskinen
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olov Wiklund
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lale Tokgozoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alberico L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, and IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Henry N Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Lotfollahi Z, Mello APDQ, Costa ES, Oliveira CLP, Damasceno NRT, Izar MC, Neto AMF. Green-banana biomass consumption by diabetic patients improves plasma low-density lipoprotein particle functionality. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12269. [PMID: 32704082 PMCID: PMC7378544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 6-months consumption of green-banana biomass on the LDL particle functionality in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Subjects (n = 39, mean age 65 years old) of both sexes with diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6·5%) were randomized to receive nutritional support plus green-banana biomass (40 g) (n = 21) or diet alone (n = 18) for 6-months. Non-linear optical responses of LDL solutions from these participants were studied by Z-scan technique. UV-visible spectrophotometer was used to measure the absorbance of the LDL samples. Small Angle X-ray Scattering and Dynamic Light Scattering experiments were used to look for any structural changes in LDL samples and to determine their size distribution. The Lipoprint test was used to determine the LDL sub-fractions in terms of distribution and size. Consumption of green-banana biomass, reduced total- (p = 0.010), non-HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.043), glucose (p = 0.028) and HbA1c (p = 0.0007), and also improved the protection of the LDL particle against oxidation, by the increase in carotenoids content in the particles (p = 0.007). This higher protection against modifications may decrease the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. These benefits of the green-banana biomass encourage the use of resistant starches with potential clinical applications in individuals with pre-diabetes and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Lotfollahi
- Complex Fluids Group, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 1371, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05508-090, Brazil
| | | | - Edna S Costa
- Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiano L P Oliveira
- Complex Fluids Group, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 1371, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05508-090, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antonio Martins Figueiredo Neto
- Complex Fluids Group, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Do Matão, 1371, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05508-090, Brazil.
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5
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Plasma and erythrocyte ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids are associated with multiple inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in breast cancer. Nutrition 2019; 58:194-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.07.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Wang H, Liu W, Fang X, Wang H, Ma W, Dong H, Yin H, Li YX, Sha H. Effect of 405 nm low intensity irradiation on the absorption spectrum of in-vitro hyperlipidemia blood. Technol Health Care 2018; 26:135-143. [PMID: 29710746 PMCID: PMC6004948 DOI: 10.3233/thc-174302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Laser therapy is reported to be clinically effective for improving microcirculation, rheological properties and blood lipid profiles despite the lack of certainty on the mechanism. OBJECTIVE: This study intends to provide methods to drop blood lipid level of hyperlipidemia samples by low-intensity laser irradiation therapy and provide reasoning of mechanism. METHODS: Twenty whole blood samples of high level of lipids profile are irradiated by 405 nm low-intensity laser at 12 J/cm2 twice a day for 3 days and compared with normal lipids profile group. Then whole blood sample are centrifuged to obtain result of erythrocyte for further interpretation. Multi-scan spectrum microplate reader is used to measure absorption spectrum and data is analyzed by software SPSS 14.0. RESULTS: Results show that after 405 nm low-intensity laser irradiation, whole blood samples of high lipid level statistically have higher absorbance peak value than normal samples while erythrocyte samples have lower absorbance peak value. CONCLUSIONS: From the divergence of absorption peak value change after low-intensity laser irradiation for whole blood sample and erythrocyte, we suspect that low level laser irradiation affects the enzymes activity of lipid metabolism, improves the cholesterol balance of plasma and cytoplasm in erythrocyte, and decreases aggregation of the erythrocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Weichao Liu
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Haichen Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Wenjiang Ma
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Huajiang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huijuan Yin
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ying-Xin Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Hong Sha
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
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7
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Lee MY, Huang CH, Kuo CJ, Lin CLS, Lai WT, Chiou SH. Clinical proteomics identifies urinary CD14 as a potential biomarker for diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117169. [PMID: 25668619 PMCID: PMC4323104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a key role in coronary artery disease (CAD) and other manifestations of atherosclerosis. Recently, urinary proteins were found to be useful markers for reflecting inflammation status of different organs. To identify potential biomarker for diagnosis of CAD, we performed one-dimensional SDS-gel electrophoresis followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Among the proteins differentially expressed in urine samples, monocyte antigen CD14 was found to be consistently expressed in higher amounts in the CAD patients as compared to normal controls. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to analyze the concentrations of CD14 in urine and serum, we confirmed that urinary CD14 levels were significantly higher in patients (n = 73) with multi-vessel and single vessel CAD than in normal control (n = 35) (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis further showed that urinary CD14 concentration level is associated with severity or number of diseased vessels and SYNTAX score after adjustment for potential confounders. Concomitantly, the proportion of CD14+ monocytes was significantly increased in CAD patients (59.7 ± 3.6%) as compared with healthy controls (14.9 ± 2.1%) (P < 0.001), implicating that a high level of urinary CD14 may be potentially involved in mechanism(s) leading to CAD pathogenesis. By performing shotgun proteomics, we further revealed that CD14-associated inflammatory response networks may play an essential role in CAD. In conclusion, the current study has demonstrated that release of CD14 in urine coupled with more CD14+ monocytes in CAD patients is significantly correlated with severity of CAD, pointing to the potential application of urinary CD14 as a novel noninvasive biomarker for large-scale diagnostic screening of susceptible CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Yi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ming-Sheng Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jen Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Quantitative Proteomics Center, Center for Research Resources and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Lung Steve Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ter Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (WTL); (SHC)
| | - Shyh-Horng Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Quantitative Proteomics Center, Center for Research Resources and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (WTL); (SHC)
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8
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Krauss RM. All Low-Density Lipoprotein Particles Are Not Created Equal. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:959-61. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.303458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M. Krauss
- From the Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA
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9
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Oliveira JM, Rondó PHC, Yudkin JS, Souza JMP, Pereira TN, Catalani AW, Picone CM, Segurado AAC. Effects of fish oil on lipid profile and other metabolic outcomes in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Int J STD AIDS 2013; 25:96-104. [DOI: 10.1177/0956462413513748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Summary Although antiretroviral therapy has revolutionized the care of HIV-infected patients, it has been associated with metabolic abnormalities. Hence, this study was planned to investigate the effects of fish oil on lipid profile, insulin resistance, and body fat distribution in HIV-infected Brazilian patients on antiretroviral therapy, considering that marine omega-3 fatty acids seem to improve features of the metabolic syndrome. We conducted a randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled trial that assessed the effects of 3 g fish oil/day (540 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid plus 360 mg of docosahexaenoic acid) or 3 g soy oil/day (placebo) on 83 HIV-infected Brazilian men and non-pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy. No statistically significant relationships between fish oil supplementation and longitudinal changes in triglyceride ( p = 0.335), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( p = 0.078), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( p = 0.383), total cholesterol ( p = 0.072), apolipoprotein B ( p = 0.522), apolipoprotein A1 ( p = 0.420), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/apolipoprotein B ratio ( p = 0.107), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index ( p = 0.387), body mass index ( p = 0.068), waist circumference ( p = 0.128), and waist/hip ratio ( p = 0.359) were observed. A low dose of fish oil did not alter lipid profile, insulin resistance, and body fat distribution in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia HC Rondó
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - José MP Souza
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiane N Pereira
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea W Catalani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila M Picone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aluisio AC Segurado
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Electronegative LDL: a circulating modified LDL with a role in inflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:181324. [PMID: 24062611 PMCID: PMC3766570 DOI: 10.1155/2013/181324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronegative low density lipoprotein (LDL(−)) is a minor modified fraction of LDL found in blood. It comprises a heterogeneous population of LDL particles modified by various mechanisms sharing as a common feature increased electronegativity. Modification by oxidation is one of these mechanisms. LDL(−) has inflammatory properties similar to those of oxidized LDL (oxLDL), such as inflammatory cytokine release in leukocytes and endothelial cells. However, in contrast with oxLDL, LDL(−) also has some anti-inflammatory effects on cultured cells. The inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties ascribed to LDL(−) suggest that it could have a dual biological effect.
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11
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Uydu HA, Yıldırmış S, Örem C, Calapoglu M, Alver A, Kural B, Örem A. The Effects of Atorvastatin Therapy on Rheological Characteristics of Erythrocyte Membrane, Serum Lipid Profile and Oxidative Status in Patients with Dyslipidemia. J Membr Biol 2012; 245:697-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-012-9441-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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12
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Urata J, Ikeda S, Koga S, Nakata T, Yasunaga T, Sonoda K, Koide Y, Ashizawa N, Kohno S, Maemura K. Negatively charged low-density lipoprotein is associated with atherogenic risk in hypertensive patients. Heart Vessels 2011; 27:235-42. [PMID: 21491122 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-011-0139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Negatively charged low-density lipoprotein (LDL), generated via multiple processes such as oxidation, acetylation, or glycosylation, plays a key role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and related diseases. Anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (AE-HPLC) can subfractionate LDL into LDL-1, LDL-2, and LDL-3 based on LDL particle charge, but the clinical significance of LDL subfractions has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of these fractions with particular regard to atherogenic risk in hypertensive patients. Ninety-eight patients with essential hypertension (age 67.0 ± 10.7 years; 54 males) were enrolled in the present study. The relationships between LDL subfractions and atherogenic risk factors, including lipid profiles, blood pressure and plasma 8-isoprostane as a marker of oxidative stress, were examined. LDL-1 levels were significantly and negatively correlated with body mass index (r = -0.384, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (r = -0.457, p < 0.001), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (r = -0.457, p < 0.001) and 8-isoprostane levels (r = -0.415, p < 0.001). LDL-3, which is the most negatively charged fraction of total LDL, was significantly and positively correlated with these parameters (r = 0.267, 0.481, 0.357, and 0.337, respectively). LDL-1 levels were significantly lower (p < 0.001), and LDL-2 and LDL-3 levels were significantly higher (each p < 0.001) in patients with poorly controlled hypertension than in patients with well-controlled hypertension. In addition, an increase in the total number of traditional risk factors at time of study participation, but not previous diagnosis, was associated with a decrease in LDL-1 levels and increases in LDL-2 and LDL-3 levels. These data suggest that LDL subfractions are associated with multiple atherogenic risk factors and that treatment to modify these risk factors could result in changes in LDL subfraction levels. In conclusion, LDL subfractions isolated by AE-HPLC may represent a marker of atherogenic risk in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungo Urata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
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13
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Electronegative low-density lipoprotein: Origin and impact on health and disease. Atherosclerosis 2011; 215:257-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Faulin TDES, Cavalcante MF, Abdalla DSP. Role of electronegative LDL and its associated antibodies in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.10.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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