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Zhu X, Hou Q, Zhang L, Wang D, Tian Z, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Jiang H. Isorhynchophylline improves lipid metabolism disorder by mediating a circadian rhythm gene Bmal1 in spontaneously hypertensive rat. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5991-6005. [PMID: 37752617 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a progressive metabolic disease characterized by circadian regulation of lipid metabolism disorder. Identifying specific lipid components and maintaining circadian homeostasis of lipid metabolism might be a promising therapeutic strategy for hypertension. Isorhynchophylline (IRP) can regulate lipid metabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of IRP in improving lipid metabolism rhythm disorder is still unclear. The lipid circadian biomarkers and abnormal metabolic pathways intervened by IRP were investigated using diurnal lipidomic research methods. The 24-h circadian changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of circadian genes, including Bmal1, Clock, Cry1, Cry2, Per1, and Per2, and lipid metabolism-related factors (PPARα and LPL) were determined using RT-PCR and western blot analyses, respectively. The underlying mechanisms were intensively investigated by inhibiting Bmal1. Molecular docking and drug affinity responsive target stability analyses were performed to assess the binding affinity of IRP and Bmal1. IRP treatment could effectively improve 24-h blood pressure, ameliorate the lipid metabolic rhythm disorder, reverse the expression levels of circadian rhythm genes, and regulate lipid metabolism-related genes (PPARα and LPL) by mediating Bmal1. This study highlighted the potential effects of IRP in maintaining the circadian homeostasis of lipid metabolism and the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialin Zhu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingqing Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuecheng Liu
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunlun Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Haiqiang Jiang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Basic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Liu X, Wang Y, Gao R, Xing Y, Li X, Wang Z. Serum metabolomic response to exercise training in spontaneously hypertensive rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 11:428-436. [PMID: 28602674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic aerobic exercise training exhibits blood pressure protective effects, but the mechanism in metabolic level remains largely unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of exercise training from serum metabolic profiles on the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Exercise training was performed, and the serum metabolites were measured by integrating gas chromatography-mass spectrometer and correlation-based network analysis. After a period of 6 weeks of chronic aerobic exercise training, systolic blood pressure was significant lower in the exercise training group (SHR + EX) rats than the control group (SHR). Principal component analysis indicated a clearly separation of metabolomic profiles between SHR + EX and SHR. Nineteen of 63 metabolites in serum were identified (P < .05, variable importance in projections > 1, false discovery rate < 0.1), including fatty acids, amino acids, and others. Lower levels of six fatty acids were observed in SHR + EX. Besides, pathway analysis indicated a significant alteration of fatty acid metabolism. The correlation-based (Pearson correlation coefficient > 0.83) network of serum metabolites revealed a decreased correlation linkage of SHR + EX than SHR rats. Higher activities of hexokinase, citrate synthase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were detected in liver, left ventricle, and skeletal muscle of SHR + EX groups. In summary, these findings provided essential biochemistry information about the metabolic alteration to exercise training in SHR, which may in part explain the protective effect of exercise in hypertensive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Emergency, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Respiration, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomiao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Karahashi M, Hirata-Hanta Y, Kawabata K, Tsutsumi D, Kametani M, Takamatsu N, Sakamoto T, Yamazaki T, Asano S, Mitsumoto A, Kawashima Y, Kudo N. Abnormalities in the Metabolism of Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols in the Liver of the Goto-Kakizaki Rat: A Model for Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetes. Lipids 2016; 51:955-71. [PMID: 27372943 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4171-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat is widely used as an animal model for spontaneous-onset type 2 diabetes without obesity; nevertheless, little information is available on the metabolism of fatty acids and triacylglycerols (TAG) in their livers. We investigated the mechanisms underlying the alterations in the metabolism of fatty acids and TAG in their livers, in comparison with Zucker (fa/fa) rats, which are obese and insulin resistant. Lipid profiles, the expression of genes for enzymes and proteins related to the metabolism of fatty acid and TAG, de novo synthesis of fatty acids and TAG in vivo, fatty acid synthase activity in vitro, fatty acid oxidation in liver slices, and very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL)-TAG secretion in vivo were estimated. Our results revealed that (1) the TAG accumulation was moderate, (2) the de novo fatty acid synthesis was increased by upregulation of fatty acid synthase in a post-transcriptional manner, (3) fatty acid oxidation was also augmented through the induction of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a, and (4) the secretion rate of VLDL-TAG remained unchanged in the livers of GK rats. These results suggest that, despite the fact that GK rats exhibit non-obese type 2 diabetes, the upregulation of de novo lipogenesis is largely compensated by the upregulation of fatty acid oxidation, resulting in only moderate increase in TAG accumulation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minako Karahashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Yuko Hirata-Hanta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Kohei Kawabata
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsutsumi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Misaki Kametani
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Nanako Takamatsu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakamoto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamazaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Satoshi Asano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mitsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, 283-8555, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kawashima
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan
| | - Naomi Kudo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, 350-0295, Japan.
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Yamazaki T, Ohki T, Taguchi H, Yamamoto A, Okazaki M, Sakamoto T, Mitsumoto A, Kawashima Y, Kudo N. Effects of dietary fish oil on cytochrome P450 3A expression in the liver of SHR/NDmcr-cp ( cp/ cp) rats, an animal model for metabolic syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2131/fts.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takashi Ohki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | | | - Mari Okazaki
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | | | | | - Naomi Kudo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
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Xing X, Li D, Chen D, Zhou L, Chonan R, Yamahara J, Wang J, Li Y. Mangiferin treatment inhibits hepatic expression of acyl-coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 in fructose-fed spontaneously hypertensive rats: a link to amelioration of fatty liver. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 280:207-15. [PMID: 25123789 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mangiferin, a xanthone glucoside, and its associated traditional herbs have been demonstrated to improve abnormalities of lipid metabolism. However, its underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. This study investigated the anti-steatotic effect of mangiferin in fructose-fed spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR)s that have a mutation in sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1. The results showed that co-administration of mangiferin (15 mg/kg, once daily, by oral gavage) over 7 weeks dramatically diminished fructose-induced increases in hepatic triglyceride content and Oil Red O-stained area in SHRs. However, blood pressure, fructose and chow intakes, white adipose tissue weight and metabolic parameters (plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol and non-esterified fatty acids) were unaffected by mangiferin treatment. Mechanistically, mangiferin treatment suppressed acyl-coenzyme A:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)-2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels in the liver. In contrast, mangiferin treatment was without effect on hepatic mRNA and/or protein expression of SREBP-1/1c, carbohydrate response element binding protein, liver pyruvate kinase, fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, DGAT-1, monoacyglycerol acyltransferase-2, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 and acyl-CoA oxidase. Collectively, our results suggest that mangiferin treatment ameliorates fatty liver in fructose-fed SHRs by inhibiting hepatic DGAT-2 that catalyzes the final step in triglyceride biosynthesis. The anti-steatotic effect of mangiferin may occur independently of the hepatic signals associated with de novo fatty acid synthesis and oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomang Xing
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Danyang Li
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Dilong Chen
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016 China
| | | | | | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016 China.
| | - Yuhao Li
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Sydney Institute of Health Sciences/Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, NSW 2000 Australia.
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Koopman KE, Caan MWA, Nederveen AJ, Pels A, Ackermans MT, Fliers E, la Fleur SE, Serlie MJ. Hypercaloric diets with increased meal frequency, but not meal size, increase intrahepatic triglycerides: a randomized controlled trial. Hepatology 2014; 60:545-53. [PMID: 24668862 PMCID: PMC4265261 DOI: 10.1002/hep.27149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED American children consume up to 27% of calories from high-fat and high-sugar snacks. Both sugar and fat consumption have been implicated as a cause of hepatic steatosis and obesity but the effect of meal pattern is largely understudied. We hypothesized that a high meal frequency, compared to consuming large meals, is detrimental in the accumulation of intrahepatic and abdominal fat. To test this hypothesis, we randomized 36 lean, healthy men to a 40% hypercaloric diet for 6 weeks or a eucaloric control diet and measured intrahepatic triglyceride content (IHTG) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1) H-MRS), abdominal fat using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and insulin sensitivity using a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with a glucose isotope tracer before and after the diet intervention. The caloric surplus consisted of fat and sugar (high-fat-high-sugar; HFHS) or sugar only (high-sugar; HS) and was consumed together with, or between, the three main meals, thereby increasing meal size or meal frequency. All hypercaloric diets similarly increased body mass index (BMI). Increasing meal frequency significantly increased IHTG (HFHS mean relative increase of 45%; P = 0.016 and HS mean relative increase of 110%; P = 0.047), whereas increasing meal size did not (2-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] size versus frequency P = 0.03). Abdominal fat increased in the HFHS-frequency group (+63.3 ± 42.8 mL; P = 0.004) and tended to increase in the HS-frequency group (+46.5 ± 50.7 mL; P = 0.08). Hepatic insulin sensitivity tended to decrease in the HFHS-frequency group while peripheral insulin sensitivity was not affected. CONCLUSION A hypercaloric diet with high meal frequency increased IHTG and abdominal fat independent of caloric content and body weight gain, whereas increasing meal size did not. This study suggests that snacking, a common feature in the Western diet, independently contributes to hepatic steatosis and obesity. ( TRIAL REGISTRATION www.clinicaltrials.gov; nr.NCT01297738.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin E Koopman
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Matthan WA Caan
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Anouk Pels
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Mariette T Ackermans
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Eric Fliers
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Susanne E la Fleur
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands,* These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Mireille J Serlie
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Academic Medical Centre AmsterdamNetherlands,* These authors contributed equally to this work
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