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Abstract
Lipases are ubiquitous enzymes whose physiological role is the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol into fatty acids. They are the most studied and industrially interesting enzymes, thanks to their versatility to promote a plethora of reactions on a wide range of substrates. In fact, depending on the reaction conditions, they can also catalyze synthesis reactions, such as esterification, acidolysis and transesterification. The latter is particularly important for biodiesel production. Biodiesel can be produced from animal fats or vegetable oils and is considered as a biodegradable, non-toxic and renewable energy source. The use of lipases as industrial catalysts is subordinated to their immobilization on insoluble supports, to allow multiple uses and use in continuous processes, but also to stabilize the enzyme, intrinsically prone to denaturation with consequent loss of activity. Among the materials that can be used for lipase immobilization, mesoporous silica nanoparticles represent a good choice due to the combination of thermal and mechanical stability with controlled textural characteristics. Moreover, the presence of abundant surface hydroxyl groups allows for easy chemical surface functionalization. This latter aspect has the main importance since lipases have a high affinity with hydrophobic supports. The objective of this work is to provide an overview of the recent progress of lipase immobilization in mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a focus on biodiesel production.
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First biocatalytic Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé reaction to synthesize imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives using lipase enzyme. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Response Surface Methodology Approach for Optimized Biodiesel Production from Waste Chicken Fat Oil. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10060633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiesel is gaining acceptance as an alternative fuel in a scenario where fossil fuel reserves are being depleted rapidly. Therefore, it is considered as the fuel of the future due to its sustainability, renewable nature and environment friendly attributes. The optimal yield of biodiesel from cheap feed stock oils is a challenge to add cost effectiveness without compromising the fuel quality. In the current experiment, waste chicken fat oil was taken as the feedstock oil to produce biodiesel through the chemical and enzymatic route of transesterification. The process of chemical transesterification was performed using KOH and sodium methoxide, while enzymatic transesterification was done by using free Aspergillus terreus lipase and Aspergillus terreus lipase immobilized on functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4_PDA_Lipase) as biocatalysts. The physico-chemical properties of the understudy feedstock oil were analyzed to check the feasibility as a feedstock for the biodiesel synthesis. The feedstock oil was found suitable for biodiesel production based upon quality assessment. Optimization of various reaction parameters (the temperature and time of reaction, catalyst concentration and methanol-to-oil mole ratio) was performed based on the response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum yield of biodiesel (90.6%) was obtained from waste chicken fat oil by using Fe3O4_PDA_Lipase as an immobilized nano-biocatalyst. Moreover, the above said optimum yield was obtained when transesterification was done using 6% Fe3O4_PDA_Lipase with a methanol-to-oil ratio of 6:1 at 42 °C for 36 h. Biodiesel production was monitored by FTIR spectroscopic analysis, whereas compositional profiling was done by GC–MS. The measured fuel properties—cloud point, pour point, flash point, fire point and kinematic viscosity—met the biodiesel specifications by American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).
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Zhang Y, Jiang W, Lv K, Sun Y, Gao X, Zhao Q, Ren W, Wang F, Liu J. Optimization of chemoenzymatic Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclohexanone to ε-caprolactone using response surface methodology. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 36:e2901. [PMID: 31465150 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
ε-Caprolactone (ε-CL) has attracted a great deal of attention and a high product concentration is of great significance for reducing production cost. The optimization of ε-CL synthesis through chemoenzymatic Baeyer-Villiger oxidation mediated by immobilized Trichosporon laibacchii lipase was studied using response surface methodology (RSM). The yield of ε-CL was 98.06% with about 1.2 M ε-CL concentration that has a substantial increase mainly due to both better stability of the cross-linked immobilized lipase used and the optimum reaction conditions in which the concentration of cyclohexanone was 1.22 M, the molar ratio of cyclohexanone:urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) was 1:1.3, and the reaction temperature was 56.5°C. Based on our experimental results, it can be safely concluded that there are three reactions in this reaction system, not just two reactions, in which the third reaction is that the acetic acid formed reacts with UHP to form peracetic acid in situ catalyzed by the immobilized lipase. A quadratic polynomial model based on RSM experimental results was developed and the R2 value of the equation is 0.9988, indicating that model can predict the experimental results with high precision. The experimental results also show that the molar ratio of cyclohexanone to UHP has very significant impact on the yield of ε-CL (p < .0006).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Kuiying Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangjian Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiuxiang Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanye Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Junhong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Zhang S, Deng Q, Li Y, Zheng M, Wan C, Zheng C, Tang H, Huang F, Shi J. Novel amphiphilic polyvinylpyrrolidone functionalized silicone particles as carrier for low-cost lipase immobilization. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:172368. [PMID: 30110464 PMCID: PMC6030335 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.172368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The high catalytic activity, specificity and stability of immobilized lipase have been attracting great interest. How to reduce the cost of support materials has always been a hot topic in this field. Herein, for the development of low-cost immobilized lipase, we demonstrate an amphiphilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) grafted on silicone particle (SP) surface materials (SP-PVP) with a rational design based on interfacial activation and solution polymerization. Meanwhile, hydrophilic pristine SP and hydrophobic polystyrene-corded silicone particles (SP-Pst) were also prepared for lipase immobilization. SP-PVP was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. Our results indicated that the lipase loading amount on the SP-PVP composites was about 215 mg of protein per gram. In the activity assay, the immobilized lipase SP-PVP@CRL exhibited higher catalysis activity and better thermostability and reusability than SP@CRL and SP-Pst@CRL. The immobilized lipase retained more than 54% of its initial activity after 10 times of re-use and approximately trended to a steady rate in the following cycles. By introducing the interesting amphiphilic polymer to this cheap and easily obtained SP surface, the relative performance of the immobilized lipase can be significantly improved, facilitating interactions between the low-cost support materials and lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jie Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, People's Republic of China
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Arumugam A, Ponnusami V. Production of biodiesel by enzymatic transesterification of waste sardine oil and evaluation of its engine performance. Heliyon 2017; 3:e00486. [PMID: 29322108 PMCID: PMC5753807 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste sardine oil, a byproduct of fish industry, was employed as a low cost feedstock for biodiesel production. It has relatively high free fatty acid (FFA) content (32 mg KOH/g of oil). Lipase enzyme immobilized on activated carbon was used as the catalyst for the transesterification reaction. Process variables viz. reaction temperature, water content and oil to methanol molar ratio were optimized. Optimum methanol to oil molar ratio, water content and temperature were found to be 9:1, 10 v/v% and 30 °C respectively. Reusability of immobilized lipase was studied and it was found after 5 cycles of reuse there was about 13% drop in FAME yield. Engine performance of the produced biodiesel was studied in a Variable Compression Engine and the results confirm that waste sardine oil is a potential alternate and low-cost feedstock for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arumugam
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - V Ponnusami
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
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Magadum DB, Yadav GD. One-pot synthesis of (R)-1-(pyridin-4-yl)ethyl acetate using tandem catalyst prepared by co-immobilization of palladium and lipase on mesoporous foam: Optimization and kinetic modeling. Chirality 2017; 29:811-823. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepali B. Magadum
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Mumbai India
| | - Ganapati D. Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Mumbai India
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Gihaz S, Weiser D, Dror A, Sátorhelyi P, Jerabek-Willemsen M, Poppe L, Fishman A. Creating an Efficient Methanol-Stable Biocatalyst by Protein and Immobilization Engineering Steps towards Efficient Biosynthesis of Biodiesel. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:3161-3170. [PMID: 27778473 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201601158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Two ternary sol-gel matrices, an octyltriethoxysilane-based aliphatic matrix and a phenyltriethoxysilane (PTEOS)-based aromatic matrix, were used to immobilize a methanol-stable variant of lipase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus T6 for the synthesis of biodiesel from waste oil. Superior thermal stability of the mutant versus the wildtype in methanol was confirmed by intrinsic protein fluorescence measurements. The influence of skim milk and soluble E. coli lysate proteins as bulking and stabilizing agents in conjunction with sol-gel entrapment were investigated. E. coli lysate proteins were better stabilizing agents of the purified lipase mutant than skim milk, as evidenced by reverse engineering of the aromatic-based system. This was also shown for commercial Candida antarctica lipase B (CaLB) and Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TLL). Uniform, dense, and nonaggregated particles imaged by scanning electron microscopy and a small particle size of 13 μm pertaining to the system comprising PTEOS and E. coli lysate proteins correlated well with high esterification activity. Combining protein and immobilization engineering resulted in a durable biocatalyst with efficient recycling ability and high biodiesel conversion rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalev Gihaz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Diána Weiser
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
- Fermentia Microbiological Ltd., Berlini út 47-49, Budapest, H-1045, Hungary
- SynBiocat Ltd, Lövöház u 19/1, H-1023, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adi Dror
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Péter Sátorhelyi
- Fermentia Microbiological Ltd., Berlini út 47-49, Budapest, H-1045, Hungary
| | | | - László Poppe
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
- SynBiocat Ltd, Lövöház u 19/1, H-1023, Budapest, Hungary
- Biocatalysis and Biotransformation Research Group, Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Arany János str. 11, RO-400028, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ayelet Fishman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
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Yue H, Yu H, Liu S, Xu C. Ag–Cu nanoparticles as efficient catalysts for transesterification of β-keto esters under acid/base-free conditions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00467a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time transesterification of β-keto esters, conventional acid- or base-catalyzed reactions, has been catalyzed by Ag–Cu bimetallic nanoparticles with high activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yue
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Xi'an 710119
- PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Hao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Xi'an 710119
- PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Xi'an 710119
- PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
| | - Chunli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Shaanxi Normal University)
- Ministry of Education
- Xi'an 710119
- PR China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
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