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Yokota R, Matsutani T, Mishima K, Yamagiwa R, Kubokura H, Motoda N, Taniai N, Yoshida H. Successful thoracoscopic enucleation of a calcifying fibrous tumor of the lower mediastinum in a young woman. Surg Case Rep 2024; 10:182. [PMID: 39088123 PMCID: PMC11294290 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-024-01981-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT) arising from the pleura is a relatively rare benign lesion in young and middle-aged adults. We report a 31-year-old woman with pleural CFT who underwent successful complete thoracoscopic enucleation. CASE PRESENTATION An asymptomatic woman presented with a mass in the right lower lung field that was incidentally detected on a chest X-ray during a routine medical checkup. Chest computed tomography showed a well-defined mass in the lower mediastinum, with a maximum diameter of approximately 5.5 cm. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed no abnormal findings in the esophagus. An endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) revealed a well-defined tumor with no internal blood flow. EUS-fine needle aspiration failed to establish a definitive diagnosis. Therefore, thoracoscopic tumor enucleation was performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Based on the histopathological findings of the resected specimen, the presence of a tumor with a high fibrous component in a young woman, and the identification of granulomatous calcifications, a diagnosis of CFT was established. CONCLUSIONS Complete thoracoscopic tumor enucleation was successfully performed for CFT arising from the pleura in a young adult woman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yokota
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, 1-383, Kosugimachi Nakahara-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsutani
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, 1-383, Kosugimachi Nakahara-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Mishima
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, 1-383, Kosugimachi Nakahara-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamagiwa
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, 1-383, Kosugimachi Nakahara-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Kubokura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norio Motoda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Taniai
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, 1-383, Kosugimachi Nakahara-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Gastrointestinal Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Rerkpichaisuth V, Hung YP. Mesenchymal tumours of the pleura: review and update. Histopathology 2024; 84:163-182. [PMID: 37691389 DOI: 10.1111/his.15035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Primary mesenchymal tumours of the pleura are uncommon and can be diagnostically challenging due to their overlapping histopathologic and immunophenotypic features. Herein we discuss selected mesenchymal tumours of the pleura, including solitary fibrous tumour, calcifying fibrous tumour, desmoid fibromatosis, synovial sarcoma, schwannoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, and desmoplastic small round cell tumour. We review their clinicopathologic characteristics, along with an update on the relevant immunohistochemical and molecular features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilasinee Rerkpichaisuth
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yin P Hung
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Kusakabe M, Kazaoka J, Hiyama N, Matsumoto J, Horiuchi H. Pleural nodule with osteal protrusion anterior to the rib tubercle: a case report. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 16:2091-2094. [PMID: 34158900 PMCID: PMC8203593 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleural soft tissue density nodules with osteal protrusions are often detected at their characteristic site, the anterior portion of the rib tubercle. Herein, we report a pathologically proven case of this lesion. A 65-year-old man underwent surgery for primary lung cancer in the right middle lobe. Preoperative computed tomography showed a 10-mm pleural soft tissue density nodule with osteal protrusion anterior to the tubercle of the right sixth rib, and this lesion was concomitantly resected. Intraoperative findings showed that this pleural lesion originated from the parietal pleura and was pathologically diagnosed as a benign fibrous tissue. We can avoid unnecessary invasive examinations such as biopsies by recognizing these benign fibrous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junichi Kazaoka
- Department of Radiology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Japanese Red Cross Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriko Hiyama
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Matsumoto
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Horiuchi
- Department of Pathology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Jia B, Zhao G, Zhang ZF, Sun BS. Multiple calcifying fibrous tumor of the pleura: A case report. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:2271-2274. [PMID: 34173725 PMCID: PMC8365007 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcifying fibrous tumor of the pleura (CFTP) is a rare benign tumor of the thoracic cavity. Due to the low incidence of CFPT, it is prone to be misdiagnosed because intraoperative analysis of frozen section is a challenge for pathologists. At present, it is difficult to distinguish this tumor from other benign thoracic tumors based on radiographic features. Therefore, surgical resection is the best method for definite diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jia
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen-Fa Zhang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Bing-Sheng Sun
- Department of Lung Cancer, Tianjin Lung Cancer Center, Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
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5
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A case of long-term unchanged calcifying fibrous tumor. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 68:1587-1590. [PMID: 32514881 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-020-01396-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT) is a rare benign tumor that may occur in any part of the body. We report the case of an asymptomatic 21-year-old woman with thoracic tumors. Chest computed tomography showed multiple masses in the left costophrenic angle. As we were unable to diagnose the tumor with a CT-guided needle biopsy, we performed a thoracoscopic biopsy. We found smooth multilobulated masses on the pleura and multiple small nodules around the main tumors. Partial resection of the tumor was performed by VATS. Histological examination revealed that the tumor had hypocellular fibrosclerotic tissue and distributed psammomatous calcifications with inflammatory infiltrates. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the spindle cells were partially positive for CD34 and CD99, but negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1, smooth muscle actin, BCL-2, STAT6, and S-100 protein. The tumor was diagnosed as CFT. The patient's postoperative recovery was uneventful, and no progression of the lesions was observed during follow-up.
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6
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Massoth LR, Selig MK, Little BP, Chebib I, Kradin RL. Multiple calcifying fibrous pseudotumors of the pleura: ultrastructural analysis provides insight on mechanism of dissemination. Ultrastruct Pathol 2020; 43:154-161. [PMID: 31746679 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2019.1687631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor (CFP) is a rare, benign soft tissue tumor that may uncommonly arise in the pleura. These tumors can show multifocal dissemination across the pleural surface, but the mechanism underlying this dissemination is unclear. Review of previously reported cases of pleural CFP demonstrates a strong predilection for basal and diaphragmatic pleural surfaces, and a significantly higher rate of multifocality compared with other locations. We present a 59-year-old male with multiple CFP of the pleura. Reactive-appearing adhesions spanning the pleural surfaces were present, and by electron microscopy, were involved by tumor. We suggest this is the likely mode of dissemination across the pleural surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas R Massoth
- Departments of Pathology (L.R.M., M.K.S., I.C., R.L.K.) and Radiology (B.P.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin K Selig
- Departments of Pathology (L.R.M., M.K.S., I.C., R.L.K.) and Radiology (B.P.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brent P Little
- Departments of Pathology (L.R.M., M.K.S., I.C., R.L.K.) and Radiology (B.P.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ivan Chebib
- Departments of Pathology (L.R.M., M.K.S., I.C., R.L.K.) and Radiology (B.P.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard L Kradin
- Departments of Pathology (L.R.M., M.K.S., I.C., R.L.K.) and Radiology (B.P.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
CONTEXT - Pleural pathology has been dominated by discussions relating to the diagnosis, prognosis, etiology, and management of malignant mesothelioma. However, there exists a diverse group of other neoplasms that involve the pleura; the most common by far is metastatic carcinoma, usually of pulmonary origin. Other metastatic tumors of varied histogenesis do occur but are less common. Primary pleural neoplasms other than diffuse malignant mesothelioma are either uncommon or rare and have received less attention. OBJECTIVE - To provide a review of those diverse tumors that can involve the pleura other than mesothelioma in order to facilitate their accurate diagnosis. DATA SOURCES - Review of relevant literature published via PubMed and other search engines. CONCLUSIONS - A wide variety of tumors can involve the pleura. In most cases, the approach of considering the morphologic features with appropriate immunohistochemistry, in the correct clinical context, allows for a confident diagnosis. For a number of those soft tissue tumors that are well recognized in the pleura, such as solitary fibrous tumor, desmoid-type fibromatosis, synovial sarcoma, and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, novel markers now exist based on an understanding of the individual tumors' molecular characteristics. Primary pleural lymphomas are rare with poor prognosis. They represent localized specific diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, with either post-germinal center B-cell or plasma cell lineage, arising in the context of either immunodeficiency or immune sequestration and with viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Richard Pugh
- From the Department of Cellular Pathology, Cardiff and Vale University Local Health Board, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales
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8
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Mehrad M, LaFramboise WA, Lyons MA, Trejo Bittar HE, Yousem SA. Whole-exome sequencing identifies unique mutations and copy number losses in calcifying fibrous tumor of the pleura: report of 3 cases and review of the literature. Hum Pathol 2018; 78:36-43. [PMID: 29689243 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcifying fibrous tumor of the pleura (CFTP) is a rare mesenchymal tumor of unknown pathogenesis. The diagnosis often requires exclusion of other common entities. Our aim was to determine if genomic changes were associated with CFTP that could contribute to mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis. Three cases of CFTP with their corresponding uninvolved control lung tissue were identified. Two patients were male, and 1 was female (age range, 21-32 years). Tumors were multifocal in 2 cases and solitary in 1. Immunohistochemistry for STAT6, BCL-2, CD34, cytokeratin AE1/AE3, calretinin, desmin, S100, ALK, and β-catenin was used. All immunohistochemistries were negative in CFTPs. DNA was isolated from all 3 pairs of CFTPs and matching normal lungs for whole-exome sequencing. Damaging, tumor-specific, coding variants were identified in 3 genes including multiple heterozygotic, de novo mutations in the Zinc Finger Protein 717 (ZNF717), fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy-1 (FRG1) and cell division cycle 27 (CDC27) genes. Whole-exome sequencing revealed statistically significant, focal, tumor-specific copy number losses among all CFTPs including a large (302 kb) loss at 6p22.2 comprising 32 genes of the histone cluster 1 family and the hemochromatosis (HFE) gene. This is the first study to evaluate the molecular pathogenesis of CFTP and to identify novel deleterious mutations in ZN717, FRG1, and CDC27 genes as well as significant copy number losses on 8 chromosomes with a large loss common to all samples on chromosome 6. These mutations deleteriously altered coding domains in a manner predicted to be damaging to protein function and may contribute to CFTP tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Mehrad
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - William A LaFramboise
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Maureen A Lyons
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Shadyside Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Humberto E Trejo Bittar
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Samuel A Yousem
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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9
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Symptomatic calcifying fibrous tumor of the pleura in a teenager. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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10
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Chorti A, Papavramidis TS, Michalopoulos A. Calcifying Fibrous Tumor: Review of 157 Patients Reported in International Literature. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3690. [PMID: 27196478 PMCID: PMC4902420 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT) is a benign lesion characterized by its specific histological findings and is found as solitary or multiple lesions in several locations of the human body. The aim of the present systematic review is to give a detailed account of all reported cases of CFT in the literature and to analyze the available data, to completely characterize the entity from epidemiological, medical, and surgical aspects.A bibliographic research was performed from 1988 until 2015. A database with the patients' characteristics was made, including sex, age, location of the tumor, symptoms, symptoms duration, size of the tumor, diagnostic methods, treatment, metastasis, and follow-up.A total of 104 articles were identified, reporting 157 cases of CFT. Mean age of patients was 33.58 years and the ratio between men and women was 1:1.27. The most common locations of CFT were stomach (18%), small intestine (8.7%), pleura (9.9%), mesentery (5%), and peritoneum (6.8%). Mean diameter of the tumor was estimated 4.6 cm. The correlations proceeded showed that as age increases, size decreases (P = 0.001) and that the tumor is larger in females (P = 0.027). Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the larger tumors appear in the neck and adrenal gland (P = 0.001). The percentage of asymptomatic patients was 30.57%. Computed tomography and biopsy were the most common tests for the diagnosis of CFT. Open surgical procedure was performed in the majority of cases. The median hospitalization was 6.06 days and the mean follow-up period was 29.97 months. Recurrences were mentioned in 10 of 96 patients with available data. No deaths owing to CFT were mentioned in the literature.CFT should be included in the differential diagnosis of enlarging mass revealed by clinical or imaging examination either incidentally or after specific acute or chronic symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Chorti
- From the 1st Propedeutic Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Minerowicz C, Jagpal S, Uppaluri L, Deen M, Langenfeld J. Calcifying Fibrous Pseudotumor of the Pleura. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 192:e57-8. [PMID: 26266678 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201502-0290im] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sugeet Jagpal
- 2 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Lakshmi Uppaluri
- 3 Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and
| | | | - John Langenfeld
- 4 Division of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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12
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Rocas D, Thivolet-Béjui F, Tronc F, Chalabreysse L. [About a case of calcifying fibrous tumor of the pleura]. Ann Pathol 2015; 35:515-8. [PMID: 26608111 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcifying fibrous tumor is a rare soft tissue benign tumor (OMS 2002). Some pleural localisations are described, which affect slightly older individuals than the other soft tissue forms. The calcifying fibrous tumor is included in the 2004 World Health Organization classification of pleural tumors. A pleural tumor located in the right inferior pulmonary lobe is diagnosed in a 59-year-old man. This pleural tumor is macroscopically well-circumscribed. Histologically, the rare spindle tumoral cells are located between bundles of a collagenous tissue, sometimes hyalinized, with psammomatous or dystrophic calcifications. The tumoral cells have a fibrohistiocytic origin. They stain positively for antibodies against vimentin, factor XIIIa, CD68, CD163, CD34. Antibodies against smooth muscle actin, desmin, PS100, ALK1 and EBV are negative. Main differencial diagnoses are other benign pleural tumors (solitary fibrous tumor, inflammatory myofibroblastique tumor), some malignant tumors (desmoplastic malignant pleural mesothelioma) and pleural pseudotumors (calcified pleural plaques, chronic fibrous pleuritis, amylose, hyalinizing granuloma). Our case is the 15th pleural calcifying fibrous tumor being reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rocas
- Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, groupement hospitalier Est, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Françoise Thivolet-Béjui
- Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, groupement hospitalier Est, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France
| | - François Tronc
- Service de chirurgie thoracique, hôpital Louis-Pradel, groupement hospitalier Est, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France
| | - Lara Chalabreysse
- Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, groupement hospitalier Est, hospices civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France.
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14
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Azam F, Chatterjee M, Kelly S, Pinto M, Aurangabadkar A, Latif MF, Marshall E. Multifocal calcifying fibrous tumor at six sites in one patient: a case report. World J Surg Oncol 2014; 12:235. [PMID: 25070647 PMCID: PMC4127171 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-12-235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcifying fibrous tumors (CFT) are rare benign tumors. They usually affect children and young adults and the incidence is equal in males and females. The usual clinical presentation is that of a painless mass. A computed tomography scan typically reveals a well-demarcated calcified lesion. CFT usually presents as a solitary mass and the commonest sites of occurrence are in soft tissues, the pleura, or the peritoneum. Multifocal occurrences at the same site have also been reported. The first case of CFT was reported in 1988. We present a rare case of multiple calcifying fibrous tumors at multiple sites in the same patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever reported case of multifocal CFT atsix different anatomical sites in one patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Azam
- Department of Medical Oncology, North Wales Cancer Treatment Centre, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl LL18 5UJ, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Primary pleural tumors other than mesothelioma account for fewer than 1% of all lung cancers, and consequently they pose diagnostic and management challenges. Their treatment must be targeted toward the specific tumor type and is often quite different from the treatment for mesothelioma or metastases. Despite the best efforts at diagnosing and treating these tumors, the prognosis associated with some of the benign and many of the malignant variants of these tumors remains poor. In this review, we describe the radiologic and pathologic features of the less common primary pleural tumors and propose a diagnostic approach to their evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Erb
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S-441, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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