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Aref HAT, Westrick S, Chou C, Worthington D, Garza K. How to inform college students about meningitis B vaccine? Comparative effectiveness of an online theory-based text and video intervention. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:970-979. [PMID: 35471896 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2064713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of text and video formats of an online theory-based Meningitis B (MenB) health message intervention on college students. Participants: College freshmen and transfer students admitted at a Southern U.S. University. Methods: In a 2-arm randomized study, knowledge, perceptions, and intention to receive the vaccine were compared pre- and post-intervention. Results: Post intervention, participants in both the written and video interventions had significantly higher scores of knowledge, perceptions, and intentions. Upon comparing the change in scores pre- to post-intervention between both text and video groups, no significant differences were found between both groups. Conclusions: This study, a first in using a theory-based MenB online education intervention and questionnaire to compare text and video formats, suggests that both text and video formats are equally effective in raising young adults' awareness about the MenB vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A T Aref
- Harrison College of Pharmacy, Health Outcomes Research and Policy Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Salisa Westrick
- Harrison College of Pharmacy, Health Outcomes Research and Policy Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Chiahung Chou
- Harrison College of Pharmacy, Health Outcomes Research and Policy Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Debra Worthington
- School of Communication & Journalism, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Kimberly Garza
- Harrison College of Pharmacy, Health Outcomes Research and Policy Department, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Kompf J, Rhodes R. Differential correlates for aerobic physical activity and resistance training: a systematic review. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2777-2797. [PMID: 36373398 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2142617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, physical inactivity is a major public health concern. Both aerobic physical activity (PA) and resistance training (RT) are forms of exercise that provide numerous health benefits. The present systematic review aimed to examine the evidence among studies that have formally compared the correlates of both aerobic PA and RT in the same sample. Literature searchers were concluded in April 2022 using four common databases. Eligible studies were selected from English language peer-reviewed journals which reported at least a bivariate correlation between the correlate and aerobic PA and RT. Findings were grouped by the correlate in accordance with the capability, opportunity, motivation, behavior (COM-B) model. The analysis identified 18 studies with 16 independent samples. Overall, evidence suggest that there are many similarities between aerobic PA and RT participation. There were positive associations for both aerobic PA and RT for physical and psychological capabilities, reflective and reflexive motivation. There were mixed associations for environmental opportunities, and social opportunities had no association for aerobic PA but mixed evidence for RT. The analyses emphasized that comparative research is lacking in certain areas, principally for environmental opportunity and reflexive motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan Rhodes
- University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Kompf J, Rhodes R. A Systematic Review of the Mediators of Resistance Training Behavior. Int J Behav Med 2023:10.1007/s12529-023-10229-3. [PMID: 37880565 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10229-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance training (RT) has been identified as an important lifestyle activity for health. While systematic reviews have examined behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in interventions and potential correlates of RT behavior, the connection between BCTs and changes in putative mediators and RT participation have yet to be linked. The purpose of this review was to examine RT intervention effects, as coded by BCT clusters, on behavior change via capability, opportunity, and motivation as putative mediators of that change. METHOD Literature searches were concluded in January of 2023, using three databases. Eligible studies included a comparison group, assessed RT as an outcome, included BCTs, assessed potential mediators, and were in English. The initial search yielded 1050 hits, which was reduced to 5 to independent RT interventions. Screening of previous reviews yielded three additional papers for a total of 8 papers. Each paper was assessed for the associations between intervention effects (as BCT clusters) on mechanisms of action (a path), effects of mechanisms of action on behavior (b path), and indirect (ab path) and direct (c path) effects of BCT clusters. RESULTS There was support that interventions had significant effects on capability and opportunity with inconclusive effects on motivation (a path). Both capabilities and motivation had associations with RT behavior (b path). The examined studies showed that changes in capabilities have the strongest support as a mediator with some support for motivation as a mediator (ab path). Studies that used more BCT clusters seemed to have a more positive effect on behavior, yet there were no trends to suggest any one crucial BCT cluster (c path). CONCLUSION Current evidence suggests that capabilities and motivation are important to target in RT interventions. Future interventions would be well suited to utilize behavior change techniques that address these mediators.
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Tabaczynski A, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Rhodes RE, Sabiston CM, Trinh L. Correlates of Physical Activity Participation among Individuals Diagnosed with Cancer: An Application of the Multi-Process Action Control Framework. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4345. [PMID: 36901355 PMCID: PMC10002463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to test Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) processes as correlates of physical activity (PA) intention formation and translation (i.e., action control) in individuals diagnosed with cancer. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional survey, completed from July to November of 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. PA and M-PAC processes were self-reported using the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire and questionnaires for reflective (instrumental/affective attitudes, perceived opportunity/capability), regulatory (e.g., goal-setting, planning), and reflexive processes (habit, identity). Separate hierarchical multinomial logistic regression models determined correlates of intention formation and action control. RESULTS Participants (n = 347; Mage= 48.2 ± 15.6) were primarily diagnosed with breast cancer (27.4%) and at a localized stage (85.0%). Most participants intended to perform PA (70.9%), yet only 50.4% met guidelines. Affective judgements (p < 0.001) and perceived capability (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with intention formation. Preliminary models indicated employment, affective judgements, perceived capability, and self-regulation to be significant (ps < 0.05) correlates of action control, but in the final model, only surgical treatment (p = 0.02) and PA identity (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with action control. CONCLUSION Reflective processes were associated with PA intention formation, while reflexive processes were associated with PA action control. Behavior change efforts for individuals diagnosed with cancer should extend beyond social-cognitive approaches to include regulatory and reflexive processes of PA behavior (i.e., PA identity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson Tabaczynski
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
| | | | - Ryan E. Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Catherine M. Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
| | - Linda Trinh
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2W6, Canada
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5
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Kang DW, Boulé NG, Field CJ, Fairey AS, Courneya KS. Effects of supervised high-intensity interval training on motivational outcomes in men with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance: results from a randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:126. [PMID: 36175907 PMCID: PMC9524100 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the motivational effects of supervised aerobic high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may help men with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance initiate and maintain exercise behavior, however, few studies have addressed this question. This report explored exercise motivation in men with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance participating in a randomized exercise trial. Methods The Exercise during Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer (ERASE) trial randomized 52 men with prostate cancer on active surveillance to the HIIT exercise group or the usual care (UC) group. The exercise program was supervised aerobic HIIT conducted three times per week for 12 weeks. The motivation questions were developed using the Theory of Planned Behavior and included motivational constructs, anticipated and experienced outcomes, and barriers to HIIT during active surveillance. Results The HIIT group attended 96% of the planned exercise sessions with 100% compliance to the exercise protocol. Motivation outcome data were obtained in 25/26 (96%) participants in the HIIT group and 25/26 (96%) participants in the UC group. At baseline, study participants were generally motivated to perform HIIT. After the intervention, the HIIT group reported that HIIT was even more enjoyable (p < 0.001; d = 1.38), more motivating (p = 0.001; d = 0.89), more controllable (p < 0.001; d = 0.85), and instilled more confidence (p = 0.004; d = 0.66) than they had anticipated. Moreover, compared to UC, HIIT participants reported significantly higher perceived control (p = 0.006; d = 0.68) and a more specific plan (p = 0.032; d = 0.67) for performing HIIT over the next 6 months. No significant differences were found in anticipated versus experienced outcomes. Exercise barriers were minimal, however, the most often reported barriers included pain or soreness (56%), traveling to the fitness center (40%), and being too busy and having limited time (36%). Conclusion Men with prostate cancer on active surveillance were largely motivated and expected significant benefits from a supervised HIIT program. Moreover, the men assigned to the HIIT program experienced few barriers and achieved high adherence, which further improved their motivation. Future research is needed to understand long-term exercise motivation and behavior change in this setting. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03203460. Registered on June 29, 2017. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01365-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Woo Kang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Normand G Boulé
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine J Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Adrian S Fairey
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Patients' reflections on undergoing non-myeloablative allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and participating in a multimodal interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme: A qualitative study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2022; 56:102091. [PMID: 35007874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2021.102091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore participants' experiences and perspectives on the relevance and meaning of participating in the multimodal interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme named 'HAPPY', and the programme's influence on their handling of everyday life during and after non-myeloablative allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHOD A qualitative interview study using Thorne's interpretive description methodology. A semi-structured interview guide and the analysis were inspired by symbolic interactionism. From April to July 2020, individual interviews were conducted with 24 patients who had participated in HAPPY while undergoing non-myeloablative haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. RESULTS HAPPY contributed to the patients' knowledge building on the basis of three themes: Social Solidarity and Comparison, Processing Mind and Body, and Balancing Disease and Life. HAPPY supported the participants in maintaining their physical functioning and induced a perception of empowerment. Moreover, HAPPY supported patients in their efforts to familiarise themselves with their changed life conditions after the stem cell transplantation. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that participation in HAPPY empowered patients to manage and cope with the stresses of everyday life and restore balance in their lives whilst undergoing treatment and confronting their cancer diagnosis. The findings underline the importance of elements of peer support and continuous support and facilitation from the specialist team, and the possibility to rethink the use of online technology to support and ensure a balance between disease and life and to minimise hospital visits.
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Rhodes RE, Cox A, Sayar R. What Predicts the Physical Activity Intention-Behavior Gap? A Systematic Review. Ann Behav Med 2021; 56:1-20. [PMID: 34231844 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intention is theorized as the proximal determinant of behavior in many leading theories and yet intention-behavior discordance is prevalent. PURPOSE To theme and appraise the variables that have been evaluated as potential moderators of the intention-physical activity (I-PA) relationship using the capability-opportunity-motivation- behavior model as an organizational frame. METHODS Literature searches were concluded in August 2020 using seven common databases. Eligible studies were selected from English language peer-reviewed journals and had to report an empirical test of moderation of I-PA with a third variable. Findings were grouped by the moderator variable for the main analysis, and population sample, study design, type of PA, and study quality were explored in subanalyses. RESULTS The search yielded 1,197 hits, which was reduced to 129 independent studies (138 independent samples) of primarily moderate quality after screening for eligibility criteria. Moderators of the I-PA relationship were present among select variables within sociodemographic (employment status) and personality (conscientiousness) categories. Physical capability, and social and environmental opportunity did not show evidence of interacting with I-PA relations, while psychological capability had inconclusive findings. By contrast, key factors underlying reflective (intention stability, intention commitment, low goal conflict, affective attitude, anticipated regret, perceived behavioral control/self-efficacy) and automatic (identity) motivation were moderators of I-PA relations. Findings were generally invariant to study characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Traditional intention theories may need to better account for key I-PA moderators. Action control theories that include these moderators may identify individuals at risk for not realizing their PA intentions. Prospero # CRD42020142629.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Amy Cox
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Reza Sayar
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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Hirschey R, Bryant AL, Macek C, Battaglini C, Santacroce S, Courneya KS, Walker JS, Avishai A, Sheeran P. Predicting physical activity among cancer survivors: Meta-analytic path modeling of longitudinal studies. Health Psychol 2020; 39:269-280. [PMID: 32011152 PMCID: PMC7203971 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted meta-analyses and meta-analytic structural equation modeling of longitudinal studies among cancer survivors to (a) quantify associations between psychosocial predictors and physical activity, (b) test how psychosocial predictors combine to influence physical activity, and (c) identify study, demographic, and clinical characteristics that moderate associations. METHOD Eligible studies used a longitudinal, observational design, included a sample of cancer survivors, and measured both a psychosocial predictor at baseline and physical activity at a later time-point. Of 2,431 records located through computerized searches, 25 independent tests (N = 5,897) met the inclusion criteria for the review. Random effects meta-analyses and meta-analytic structural equation modeling were conducted. RESULTS Eight psychosocial predictors of physical activity were identified. Self-efficacy (r+ = 0.26) and intentions (r+ = 0.33) were the strongest predictors in bivariate analyses. The structural equation models included attitudes, injunctive norms, self-efficacy, intentions, and physical activity (k = 22, N = 4,385). The model with the best fit, χ2(2) = 0.11, p = .95, root mean square error of approximation = .00, comparative fit index = 1.00, Tucker-Lewis index = 1.00, indicated that all specified paths were significant. Intentions were the strongest predictor of physical activity (β = 0.27, p < .001), and attitudes and self-efficacy were strong predictors of intentions (both βs = 0.29, ps < .001). Few significant moderators were observed. CONCLUSION This review indicates that self-efficacy and intentions are direct predictors of physical activity in cancer survivors. Further, attitudes and norms predict physical activity through intentions. Findings inform intervention development to increase physical activity engagement among cancer survivors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hirschey
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Catherine Macek
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Claudio Battaglini
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta
| | - Jennifer S Walker
- Health Sciences Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Aya Avishai
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Paschal Sheeran
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North, Carolina at Chapel Hill
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9
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Tabaczynski A, Strom DA, Wong JN, McAuley E, Larsen K, Faulkner GE, Courneya KS, Trinh L. Demographic, medical, social-cognitive, and environmental correlates of meeting independent and combined physical activity guidelines in kidney cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2019; 28:43-54. [PMID: 30980259 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-04752-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Guidelines for cancer survivors recommend both aerobic physical activity (PA) and strength training (ST). Few kidney cancer survivors (KCS) are meeting single-activity or combined guidelines; therefore, examining factors influencing PA participation is warranted. The purpose of this study is to examine demographic, medical, social-cognitive, and environmental correlates of meeting independent (i.e., aerobic-only, strength training (ST)-only) and combined guidelines (i.e., aerobic and ST) in KCS. METHODS KCS (N = 651) completed self-reported measures of PA and demographic, medical, social-cognitive, and perceived environmental factors. Built environment was assessed using the geographic information systems (GIS). Multinomial logistic regressions were conducted to determine the correlates of meeting the combined versus independent guidelines. RESULTS Compared with meeting neither guideline, meeting aerobic-only guidelines was associated with higher intentions (p < .01) and planning (p < .01); meeting ST-only guidelines was associated with higher intentions (p = .02) and planning (p < .01), lower perceived behavioral control (PBC) (p = .03), healthy weight (p = .01), and older age (p < .01); and meeting the combined guidelines were associated with higher intentions (p < .01), planning (p = .02), higher instrumental attitudes (p < .01), higher education (p = .04), better health (p < .01), and localized cancer (p = .05). Additionally, compared with neither guideline, meeting aerobic-only (p < .01) and combined (p < .01) guidelines was significantly associated with access to workout attire. Compared with neither guideline, meeting aerobic-only guidelines was associated with proximity to retail (p = .02). CONCLUSION PA participation correlates may vary based on the modality of interest. Interventions may differ depending on the modality promoted and whether KCS are already meeting single-modality guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson Tabaczynski
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada
| | - Dominick A Strom
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 906 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jaime N Wong
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 906 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Edward McAuley
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 906 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kristian Larsen
- CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 105-515 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC, V6B 5K3, Canada.,Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada
| | - Guy E Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 2259 Lower Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, 113 University Hall, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H9, Canada
| | - Linda Trinh
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 55 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 2W6, Canada.
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Social Cognitive Effects and Mediators of a Pilot Telephone Counseling Intervention to Increase Aerobic Exercise in Hematologic Cancer Survivors. J Phys Act Health 2019; 16:43-51. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Parker NH, Arlinghaus KR, Johnston CA. Integrating Physical Activity Into Clinical Cancer Care. Am J Lifestyle Med 2018; 12:220-223. [PMID: 30283253 PMCID: PMC6124961 DOI: 10.1177/1559827618759478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is an important target for improving health and well-being among cancer survivors. Cancer clinicians are uniquely positioned to promote physical activity among survivors through follow-up visits for treatment planning and surveillance. Providers should prioritize assessment of guideline-concordant physical activity and facilitate achievement of physical activity guidelines through exercise prescription, goal setting, addressing barriers, and capitalizing on support systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan H. Parker
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (NHP)
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (KRA, CAJ)
| | - Katherine R. Arlinghaus
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (NHP)
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (KRA, CAJ)
| | - Craig A. Johnston
- Craig A. Johnston, PhD, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77030; e-mail:
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Vallerand JR, Rhodes RE, Walker GJ, Courneya KS. Feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an exercise telephone counseling intervention for hematologic cancer survivors: a phase II randomized controlled trial. J Cancer Surviv 2018; 12:357-370. [PMID: 29411314 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-018-0675-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supervised exercise interventions produce the largest improvements in patient-reported outcomes in cancer survivors but their scalability has been questioned. Telephone counseling has been proposed as a more feasible alternative but its impact on exercise behavior and health outcomes have been modest. Basing telephone counseling exercise (TCE) interventions on the theoretical advances described in the multi-process action control framework (M-PAC) may improve these outcomes. PURPOSE To assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a M-PAC-based TCE intervention for increasing aerobic exercise behavior in hematologic cancer survivors (HCS). METHODS We recruited 51 HCS who were randomized to either a weekly TCE group (n = 26) or a self-directed exercise (SDE) group (n = 25). Participants completed online measures of self-reported aerobic exercise behavior, quality of life (QoL), fatigue, and program satisfaction at baseline and post-intervention (12 weeks). RESULTS Adherence to the TCE intervention was 93% and retention was 100%. Participants receiving TCE increased their weekly aerobic exercise by 218 min compared to 93 min in the SDE group [mean-adjusted between-group difference (MBGDadj) = 139, 95%CI = 65 to 213, p < .001, effect size (d) = 2.19]. Clinically meaningful QoL improvements favored the TCE group for mental health (MBGDadj = 3.7, 95%CI = - 0.4 to 7.9, p = .08, d = 0.42) and mental health component (MBGDadj = 3.6, 95%CI = - 0.8 to 8.1, p = .10, d = 0.35) subscales. CONCLUSIONS The 12-week TCE intervention substantially increased exercise behavior and may have meaningfully improved QoL in HCS. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Though more definitive trials are needed, remote TCE interventions based on the M-PAC may improve exercise behavior and QoL in HCS and perhaps other cancer survivor groups. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Clinical Trials ID: NCT03052777.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Vallerand
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonto, Canada
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Gordon J Walker
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonto, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonto, Canada.
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Tarasenko YN, Miller EA, Chen C, Schoenberg NE. Physical activity levels and counseling by health care providers in cancer survivors. Prev Med 2017; 99:211-217. [PMID: 28131780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors issued by the American Cancer Society and the American College of Sports Medicine emphasize the essential role of a health care provider (HCP) in counseling cancer survivors to achieve healthier lifestyles. However, research has not established whether HCP's recommendations to engage in physical activity are associated with increased physical activity levels of cancer survivors. The study examines this potential association using the 2005 and 2010 National Health Interview Survey data. The final analytic sample consisted of 3320 cancer survivors and 38,955 adults without cancer who reported seeing or talking to a HCP and if or not they had received a physical activity recommendation in the prior year. Consistent with the aforementioned guidelines, physical activity levels were categorized as inactive, insufficiently active, and sufficiently active (i.e., meeting guidelines). Average adjusted predictions and marginal effects were estimated from generalized ordered logit models. Multivariable regressions controlled for socio-demographic and health-related characteristics and survey year. On average, receipt of a HCP's physical activity recommendation was associated with a lower adjusted prevalence of inactivity by 8.3 percentage points and a higher adjusted prevalence of insufficient and sufficient activity by 4.6 and 3.7 percentage points, respectively, regardless of cancer diagnosis (P's<0.05). A HCP's recommendation is associated with higher levels of leisure-time aerobic physical activity among cancer survivors and adults without cancer. The communication between cancer survivors and their HCPs may act as a 'window' of opportunity to increase physical activity levels among the U.S. cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena N Tarasenko
- Departments of Health Policy and Management and Epidemiology, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, 501 Forest Drive 2012, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA.
| | | | - Chen Chen
- Department of Health Policy & Management, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, USA.
| | - Nancy E Schoenberg
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0086, USA.
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Rhodes RE, Lubans DR, Karunamuni N, Kennedy S, Plotnikoff R. Factors associated with participation in resistance training: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 2017; 51:1466-1472. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Vallerand JR, Rhodes RE, Walker GJ, Courneya KS. Correlates of meeting the combined and independent aerobic and strength exercise guidelines in hematologic cancer survivors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14:44. [PMID: 28351397 PMCID: PMC5371229 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most previous research on the correlates of physical activity has examined the aerobic or strength exercise guidelines separately. Such an approach does not allow an examination of the correlates of meeting the combined guidelines versus a single guideline, or one guideline versus the other. Here, we report the prevalence and correlates of meeting the combined and independent exercise guidelines in hematologic cancer survivors (HCS). Methods In a population-based, cross-sectional survey of 606 HCS from Alberta, Canada using a mailed questionnaire, we obtained separate assessments of aerobic and strength exercise behaviors, as well as separate assessments for motivations, regulations, and reflective processes using the multi-process action control framework (M-PAC). Results Overall, 22% of HCS met the combined exercise guideline, 22% met aerobic-only, 10% met strength-only, and 46% met neither exercise guideline. HCS were more likely to meet the combined guideline over the aerobic-only guideline if they had no children living at home, and over both the aerobic and strength-only guidelines if they had completed university. As hypothesized, those meeting the combined guideline also had a more favorable strength-specific M-PAC profile (i.e., motivations, regulations, and reflective processes) than those meeting the aerobic-only guideline, and a more favorable aerobic-specific M-PAC profile than those meeting the strength-only guideline. Interestingly and unexpectedly, HCS meeting the combined guidelines also reported significantly greater aerobic-specific perceived control, planning, and obligation/regret than those meeting the aerobic-only guideline, and greater strength-specific perceived control, planning, and obligation/regret than those meeting the strength-only guideline. Conclusions Few HCS are meeting the combined exercise guidelines. M-PAC based variables are strong correlates of meeting the combined guidelines compared to aerobic or strength only guidelines. Strategies to help HCS meet the combined guidelines may need to promote more favorable behavioral regulations and reflective processes for both types of exercise rather than just the type of exercise in which HCS are deficient. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0498-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Vallerand
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ryan E Rhodes
- School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Gordon J Walker
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Rhodes RE, Lim C. Understanding action control of daily walking behavior among dog owners: a community survey. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1165. [PMID: 27852251 PMCID: PMC5112741 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walking among dog owners may be a means to achieve health benefits, yet almost half of owners (approximately 30% of households) are not regularly walking their dogs. Current research on the correlates of dog walking has generally considered intention as the primary determinant of behavior, yet the intention-behavior relationship is modest. The purpose of this paper was to apply a framework designed to evaluate the intention-behavior gap, known as multi-process action control (M-PAC), to understand daily walking among dog owners. METHOD A community sample of adult dog owners (N = 227) in Victoria, Canada completed M-PAC measures of motivational (dog and human outcome expectations, affective judgments, perceived capability and opportunity), regulatory (planning), and reflexive (automaticity, identity) processes as well as intention to walk and behavior. RESULTS Three intention-behavior profiles emerged: a) non-intenders who were not active (26%; n = 59), b) unsuccessful intenders who failed to enact their positive intentions (33%; n = 75), and c) successful intenders who were active (40%; n = 91). Congruent with M-PAC, a discriminant function analysis showed that affective judgements (r = 0.33), automaticity (r = 0.38), and planning (r = 0.33) distinguished between all three intention-behavior profiles, while identity (r = 0.22) and dog breed size (r = 0.28) differentiated between successful and unsuccessful intenders. CONCLUSIONS The majority of dog owners have positive intentions to walk, yet almost half fail to meet these intentions. Interventions focused on affective judgments (e.g., more enjoyable places to walk), behavioral regulation (e.g., setting a concrete plan), habit (e.g., making routines and cues) and identity formation (e.g., affirmations of commitment) may help overcome difficulties with translating these intentions into action, thus increasing overall levels of walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E. Rhodes
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, PO Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, B.C. V8W 3N4 Canada
| | - Clarise Lim
- Behavioural Medicine Laboratory, School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, PO Box 3010 STN CSC, Victoria, B.C. V8W 3N4 Canada
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