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Bubols GB, Arbo MD, Peruzzi CP, Cestonaro LV, Altknecht LF, Fão N, Göethel G, Nascimento SN, Paese K, Amaral MG, Bergmann CP, Pohlmann AR, Guterres SS, Garcia SC. Characterization and in vivo toxicological evaluation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes: a low-dose repeated intratracheal administration study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:36405-36421. [PMID: 36547826 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study characterized and investigated the toxicity of two multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) NM-401 and NM-403 at 60 and 180 µg after four repeated intratracheal instillations; follow-up times were 3, 7, 30, and 90 days after the last instillation. NM-401 was needle-like, long, and thick, while NM-403 was entangled, short, and thin. Both MWCNT types induced transient pulmonary and systemic alterations in renal function and oxidative lipid damage markers in recent times. Animals showed general toxicity in the immediate times after exposures, in addition to increased pulmonary LDH release at day 3. In further times, decreased liver and kidney relative weights were noted at higher MWCNT doses. Lung histological damages included pulmonary fibrosis, for both MWCNT types, similarly to asbestos; single liver and kidney histological alterations were present. Repeated instillations led to persistent pulmonary damage at low doses, and possibly the extrapulmonary effects may be associated with the consecutive exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Borges Bubols
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dutra Arbo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Portela Peruzzi
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Vivan Cestonaro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Louise Figueiredo Altknecht
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
| | - Nuryan Fão
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Göethel
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Nunes Nascimento
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karina Paese
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório 405 de Nanotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marta Gonçalves Amaral
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDTec), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Pérez Bergmann
- Laboratório de Materiais Cerâmicos (LACER), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana Raffin Pohlmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Silvia Stanisçuaski Guterres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório 405 de Nanotecnologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Laboratório de Toxicologia (LATOX), Faculdade de Farmácia, Anexo II, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Rua São Luis, 150, Anexo II, Santana, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90620-170, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Kang D, Sarkar S, Kim KS, Kim S. Highly Damage-Resistant Thin Film Saturable Absorber Based on Mechanically Functionalized SWCNTs. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2022; 17:11. [PMID: 35032236 PMCID: PMC8761199 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03648-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thin-film saturable absorbers (SAs) are extensively used in mode-locked fiber laser due to the robust and simple application methods that arise because SAs are alignment-free and self-standing. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are the most suitable low dimensional material uesd for SAs because of their high nonlinearity and the wavelength control of absorption based on tube diameters. The most challenging problem with the use of CNT-based thin film SAs is thermal damage caused during high power laser operation, which mainly occurs due to aggregation of CNTs. We have demonstrated improved thermal damage resistance and enhanced durability of a film-type SA based on functionalization of SWCNTs, which were subjected to a mechanical functionalization procedure to induce covalent structural modifications on the SWCNT surface. Increased intertube distance was shown by X-ray diffraction, and partial functionalization was shown by Raman spectroscopy. This physical change had a profound effect on integration with the host polymer and resolved aggregation problems. A free-standing SA was fabricated by the drop casting method, and improved uniformity was shown by scanning electron microscopy. The SA was analyzed using various structural and thermal evaluation techniques (Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, etc.). Damage tests at different optical powers were also performed. To the best of our knowledge, a comprehensive analysis of a film-type SA is reported here for the first time. The partially functionalized SWCNT (fSWCNT) SA shows significant structural integrity after intense damage tests and a modulation depth of 25.3%. In passively mode-locked laser operation, a pulse width of 152 fs is obtained with a repetition rate of 77.8 MHz and a signal-to-noise ratio of 75 dB. Stable operation of the femtosecond fiber laser over 200 h verifies the enhanced durability of the fSWCNT SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daewon Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyung-Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 34141 Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Lee KS, Phiri I, Kim SH, Oh K, Ko JM. Preparation and Electrical Properties of Silicone Composite Films Based on Silver Nanoparticle Decorated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:948. [PMID: 33671454 PMCID: PMC7923106 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The electrical properties of silicone composite films filled with silver (Ag) nanoparticle-decorated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) prepared by solution processing are investigated. Pristine MWNT is oxidized and converted to the acyl chloride-functionalized MWNT using thionyl chloride, which is subsequently reacted with amine-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (APDMS). Thereafter, APDMS-modified MWNT are decorated with Ag nanoparticles and then reacted with a poly(dimethylsiloxane) solution to form Ag-decorated MWNT silicone (Ag-decorated MWNT-APDMS/Silicone) composite. The morphological differences of the silicone composites containing Ag-decorated MWNT and APDMS-modified MWNT are observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the surface conductivities are measured by the four-probe method. Ag-decorated MWNT-APDMS/Silicone composite films show higher surface electrical conductivity than MWNT/silicone composite films. This shows that the electrical properties of Ag-decorated MWNT-APDMS/silicone composite films can be improved by the surface modification of MWNT with APDMS and Ag nanoparticles, thereby expanding their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Se Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials & Chemical Engineering, Kyungnam College of Information & Technology, 45 Jurye-ro, Sasang-gu, Busan 47011, Korea;
| | - Isheunesu Phiri
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125 Dongseo‐daero, Yuseong‐gu, Daejeon 34158, Korea; (I.P.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Sang Hern Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125 Dongseo‐daero, Yuseong‐gu, Daejeon 34158, Korea; (I.P.); (S.H.K.)
| | - Kyeongkeun Oh
- Institute for New Technology Education, Korea Polytechnics, 20 Yusang-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54853, Korea
| | - Jang Myoun Ko
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hanbat National University, 125 Dongseo‐daero, Yuseong‐gu, Daejeon 34158, Korea; (I.P.); (S.H.K.)
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Yan LP, Gopinath SCB, Anbu P, Kasim FH, Zulhaimi HII, Yaakub ARW. Characterization and anti-bacterial potential of iron oxide nanoparticle processed eco-friendly by plant extract. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:1053-1062. [PMID: 32597353 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1783678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This research comprehends iron-oxide nanoparticle (IONP) production, the apparent metallic nanostructure with unique superparamagnetic properties. Durian-rind-extract was utilized to synthesize IONP and the color of reaction mixture becomes dark brown, indicated the formation of IONPs and the peak was observed at ∼330 nm under UV-visible spectroscopy. The morphological observation under high-resolution microscopies has revealed the spherical shape and the average size (∼10 nm) of IONP. The further support was rendered by EDX-analysis showing apparent iron and oxygen peaks. XRD results displayed the crystalline planes with (110) and (300) planes at 2θ of 35.73° and 63.53°, respectively. XPS-data has clearly demonstrated the presence of Fe2P and O1s peaks. The IONPs were successfully capped by the polyphenol compounds from durian-rind-extract as evidenced by the representative peaks between 1633 and 595 cm-1 from FTIR analysis. The antimicrobial potentials of IONPs were evidenced by the disk-diffusion assay. The obtained results have abundant attention and being actively explored owing to their beneficial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leong Poh Yan
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia.,Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Periasamy Anbu
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Farizul Hafiz Kasim
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia.,Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Perlis, Malaysia
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Zhi M, Liu Q, Chen H, Chen X, Feng S, He Y. Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy Properties of Epoxy Resin Modified with Functionalized Graphene Oxide Containing Phosphorus and Silicon Elements. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10975-10984. [PMID: 31460195 PMCID: PMC6648042 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus- and silicon-modified graphene oxide was prepared to improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy properties of epoxy resin. 9,10-Dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) were successfully grafted onto the surface of graphene oxide (GO) through solvothermal synthesis and hydrolysis-condensation reaction, respectively. Subsequently, the functionalized graphene oxide grafted by DOPO and VTES (DOPO-VTES-GO) was incorporated into the epoxy resin by the solution blending method. The effect of DOPO-VTES-GO on the thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of epoxy resin was systematically studied. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability and char residue yield of DOPO-VTES-GO/epoxy were increased obviously compared with those of pure epoxy resin and DOPO-GO/epoxy. Cone calorimeter test results showed that DOPO-VTES-GO/epoxy had better flame retardancy than pure epoxy resin and DOPO-GO/epoxy on reducing the peak of heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke production. Furthermore, the char residue after the cone calorimeter tests was investigated by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared measurements. These results demonstrated that the DOPO-VTES-GO can enhance the graphitization degree of char residues and promote the formation of the thermally stable char. In addition, the mechanism of flame retardancy was proposed, and DOPO-VTES-GO exerts the synergistic effect mainly by means of catalytic charring in the condensed phase and capturing hydroxyl or hydrogen radicals from thermal decomposition of epoxy resin in the gas phase. This work provides novel insights into the preparation of phosphorus-silicon-graphene oxide ternary synergistic flame retardants for thermosetting polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuanhua He
- E-mail: . Tel: +86-0838-5187202. Fax: +86-0838-5187202 (Y.H.)
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