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Qian Y, Feng D, Wang J, Wei W, Wei Q, Han P, Yang L. Establishment of cancer-associated fibroblasts-related subtypes and prognostic index for prostate cancer through single-cell and bulk RNA transcriptome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9016. [PMID: 37270661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Current evidence indicate that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. In this study, we identified CAF-related molecular subtypes and prognostic index for PCa patients undergoing radical prostatectomy through integrating single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data. We completed analyses using software R 3.6.3 and its suitable packages. Through single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analysis, NDRG2, TSPAN1, PTN, APOE, OR51E2, P4HB, STEAP1 and ABCC4 were used to construct molecular subtypes and CAF-related gene prognostic index (CRGPI). These genes could clearly divide the PCa patients into two subtypes in TCGA database and the BCR risk of subtype 1 was 13.27 times higher than that of subtype 2 with statistical significance. Similar results were observed in MSKCC2010 and GSE46602 cohorts. In addtion, the molucular subtypes were the independent risk factor of PCa patients. We orchestrated CRGPI based on the above genes and divided 430 PCa patients in TCGA database into high- and low- risk groups according to the median value of this score. We found that high-risk group had significant higher risk of BCR than low-risk group (HR: 5.45). For functional analysis, protein secretion was highly enriched in subtype 2 while snare interactions in vesicular transport was highly enriched in subtype 1. In terms of tumor heterogeneity and stemness, subtype 1 showd higher levels of TMB than subtype 2. In addition, subtype 1 had significant higher activated dendritic cell score than subtype 2. Based on eight CAF-related genes, we developed two prognostic subtypes and constructed a gene prognostic index, which could predict the prognosis of PCa patients very well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youliang Qian
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Urology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Kuravi S, Cheng J, Fangman G, Polireddy K, McCormick S, Lin TL, Singh AK, Abhyankar S, Ganguly S, Welch DR, Jensen RA, McGuirk JP, Balusu R. Preclinical Evaluation of Gilteritinib on NPM1-ALK-Driven Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:913-920. [PMID: 33514657 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. More than three-fourths of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive ALCL cases express the nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)-ALK fusion gene as a result of t(2;5) chromosomal translocation. The homodimerization of NPM1-ALK fusion protein mediates constitutive activation of the chimeric tyrosine kinase activity and downstream signaling pathways responsible for lymphoma cell proliferation and survival. Gilteritinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of FMS-like tyrosine kinase mutation-positive acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time gilteritinib-mediated growth inhibitory effects on NPM1-ALK-driven ALCL cells. We utilized a total of five ALCL model cell lines, including both human and murine. Gilteritinib treatment inhibits NPM1-ALK fusion kinase phosphorylation and downstream signaling, resulting in induced apoptosis. Gilteritinib-mediated apoptosis was associated with caspase 3/9, PARP cleavage, the increased expression of proapoptotic protein BAD, and decreased expression of antiapoptotic proteins, survivin and MCL-1. We also found downregulation of fusion kinase activity resulted in decreased c-Myc protein levels. Furthermore, cell-cycle analysis indicated gilteritinib induced G0-G1-phase cell-cycle arrest and reduced CD30 expression. In summary, our preclinical studies explored the novel therapeutic potential of gilteritinib in the treatment of ALCL cells expressing NPM1-ALK and potentially in other ALK or ALK fusion-driven hematologic or solid malignancies. IMPLICATIONS: Our preclinical results explore the use of gilteritinib for the treatment of NPM1-ALK-driven ALCL cells and pave a path for developing future clinical trials. VISUAL OVERVIEW: http://mcr.aacrjournals.org/content/molcanres/19/5/913/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakiranmayi Kuravi
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Janice Cheng
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | - Kishore Polireddy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sophia McCormick
- Biospecimen Repository Core Facility, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Tara L Lin
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Anurag K Singh
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sunil Abhyankar
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Danny R Welch
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Roy A Jensen
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Joseph P McGuirk
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Ramesh Balusu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
- The University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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3
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Iżykowska K, Rassek K, Korsak D, Przybylski GK. Novel targeted therapies of T cell lymphomas. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:176. [PMID: 33384022 PMCID: PMC7775630 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-01006-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell lymphomas (TCL) comprise a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) that often present at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and that most commonly have an aggressive clinical course. Treatment in the front-line setting is most often cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or CHOP-like regimens, which are effective in B cell lymphomas, but in TCL are associated with a high failure rate and frequent relapses. Furthermore, in contrast to B cell NHL, in which substantial clinical progress has been made with the introduction of monoclonal antibodies, no comparable advances have been seen in TCL. To change this situation and improve the prognosis in TCL, new gene-targeted therapies must be developed. This is now possible due to enormous progress that has been made in the last years in the understanding of the biology and molecular pathogenesis of TCL, which enables the implementation of the research findings in clinical practice. In this review, we present new therapies and current clinical and preclinical trials on targeted treatments for TCL using histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CARTs), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3Ki), anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors (ALKi), and antibiotics, used alone or in combinations. The recent clinical success of ALKi and conjugated anti-CD30 antibody (brentuximab-vedotin) suggests that novel therapies for TCL can significantly improve outcomes when properly targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Iżykowska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina Rassek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Korsak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz K Przybylski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
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4
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Carminato A, Tecilla M, Roccabianca P, Zanardello C, Melchiotti E, Capello K, Vascellari M. CD30 Cross-Reactivity and Expression in Feline Normal Tissues and Lymphomas. Vet Pathol 2019; 57:49-55. [PMID: 31640480 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819875745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CD30 is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily included in the diagnostic algorithm of human cutaneous, anaplastic large cell and Hodgkin lymphomas and represents an optimal therapeutic target for CD30+ tumors. Similar diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are largely missing for feline lymphomas. Cross-reactivity of the antihuman CD30 receptor clone Ber-H2 was investigated in feline lymphomas. Comparative analysis of feline and human CD30 identified 61% identity of the amino acid sequence, with 100% identity of the main sequence of the epitope targeted by the antibody (RKQCEPDYYL). CD30 expression in normal feline tissues was restricted to rare lymphoid cells in perifollicular and interfollicular lymph node areas and in the thymic medulla. In feline lymphoma, CD30 was expressed in 4 of 33 (13%) T-cell lymphomas, 3 of 22 (14%) B-cell lymphomas, and 5 of 7 (71%) mixed-cell lymphomas, showing diffuse (1/5) or multifocal (4/5) positivity restricted to neoplastic multinucleated lymphoid cells and binucleated cells consistent with Reed-Sternberg-like cells. Based on the human classification system, cell morphology, expression of multiple markers (mixed cell components), and CD30 positivity, these cases were considered most consistent with classical Hodgkin-like lymphoma (HLL). The other 2 mixed-cell lymphomas were CD30 negative and thus most consistent with either T-cell-rich large B-cell lymphoma (TCRLBCL) or nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). These findings provide multiple data supporting the cross-reactivity of the Ber-H2 anti-CD30 clone in feline tissues and give evidence of the usefulness of CD30 in the diagnostic evaluation of feline lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carminato
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Zanardello
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Erica Melchiotti
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Katia Capello
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
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5
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Kang L, Jiang D, Ehlerding EB, Barnhart TE, Ni D, Engle JW, Wang R, Huang P, Xu X, Cai W. Noninvasive Trafficking of Brentuximab Vedotin and PET Imaging of CD30 in Lung Cancer Murine Models. Mol Pharm 2018. [PMID: 29537283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CD30 has been considered a unique diagnostic and therapeutic target for CD30-positive lymphomas and some lung diseases. Additionally, CD30 has shown high expression in clinical lung cancer samples. In this study, 89Zr-radiolabeled brentuximab vedotin (BV) was developed for in vivo tracking of BV and imaging CD30 expression in lung cancer models via conjugation with desferrioxamine (Df). CD30 expression in three lung cancer cell lines (H460, H358, and A549) was quantified by Western blot. Flow cytometry and saturation binding assays were used to evaluate the binding capabilities of the tracer in vitro. After longitudinal positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and quantitative analysis were performed, ex vivo biodistribution and histological studies were used to verify PET results. Finally, dosimetric extrapolation of murine data to humans was performed. At the cellular level, CD30 was found to be expressed on H460 and A549 cells with the highest and lowest levels of expression, respectively. Both Df-BV and 89Zr-Df-BV displayed high binding affinity to H460 cells. PET images and their quantification verified that BV accumulated in H460 tumor models (9.93 ± 2.70% ID/g at 24 h after injection; n = 4) at the highest level, followed by H358 and A549 tumors (8.05 ± 2.43 and 5.00 ± 1.56% ID/g; n = 4). The nonspecific 89Zr-labeled IgG showed a low tumor uptake of 5.2 ± 1.0% ID/g for H460 models. Ex vivo biodistribution and fluorescence immunohistochemistry also corroborated these findings. Dosimetric results displayed safe dose estimations. Therefore, 89Zr-Df-BV provides a potential agent for evaluating CD30 expression noninvasively in lung cancer, and also for imaging of brentuximab vedotin for better understanding of its pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University First Hospital , Beijing 100034 , China.,Department of Radiology , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Dawei Jiang
- Department of Radiology , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Emily B Ehlerding
- Department of Medical Physics , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Todd E Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Dalong Ni
- Department of Radiology , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Department of Medical Physics , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Rongfu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University First Hospital , Beijing 100034 , China
| | - Peng Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- Department of Medical Molecular Biology , Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100850 , China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States.,Department of Medical Physics , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States.,University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
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6
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Nakashima M, Watanabe M, Uchimaru K, Horie R. Trogocytosis of ligand-receptor complex and its intracellular transport in CD30 signalling. Biol Cell 2018; 110:109-124. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Hematology; Faculty of Molecular Medical Biology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kitasato University; Minami-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences; University of Tokyo; Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Mariko Watanabe
- Department of Molecular Hematology; Faculty of Molecular Medical Biology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kitasato University; Minami-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
- Division of Hematology; Department of Laboratory Sciences; School of Allied Health Sciences; Kitasato University; Minami-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-0373 Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchimaru
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology; Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences; University of Tokyo; Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Ryouichi Horie
- Department of Molecular Hematology; Faculty of Molecular Medical Biology; Graduate School of Medical Sciences; Kitasato University; Minami-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
- Division of Hematology; Department of Laboratory Sciences; School of Allied Health Sciences; Kitasato University; Minami-ku Sagamihara Kanagawa 252-0373 Japan
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7
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Enos TH, Feigenbaum LS, Wickless HW. Brentuximab vedotin in CD30+primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: a review and analysis of existing data. Int J Dermatol 2017; 56:1400-1405. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler H. Enos
- Department of Dermatology; University of Texas Southwestern; Dallas TX USA
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8
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Li F, Ulrich M, Jonas M, Stone IJ, Linares G, Zhang X, Westendorf L, Benjamin DR, Law CL. Tumor-Associated Macrophages Can Contribute to Antitumor Activity through FcγR-Mediated Processing of Antibody-Drug Conjugates. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1347-1354. [PMID: 28341790 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The primary mechanism of antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) is targeted delivery of a cytotoxic payload to tumor cells via cancer-associated membrane receptors. However, the tumor microenvironment likely plays a role in ADC penetration, distribution, and processing and thus impacts the overall antitumor activity. Here, we report on the potential contribution of Fc-FcγR interactions between ADCs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to the preclinical antitumor activities of ADCs. In the CD30+ L-428 Hodgkin lymphoma model, anti-CD30-vcMMAE and a non-binding control (hIgG-vcMMAE) demonstrated similar antitumor activity as well as similar payload release in the tumors. IHC analysis revealed L-428 tumors contained highly abundant TAMs, which were confirmed to bind ADCs by IHC and flow cytometry. The infiltration of TAMs was further found to correlate with the antitumor activity of the non-binding hIgG-vcMMAE in five additional xenograft models. hIgG1V1-vcMMAE, bearing a mutation in the Fc region which ablates Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) binding, lost antitumor activity in three TAM-high xenograft models, suggesting Fc-FcγR interactions modulate the TAM-ADC interaction. Our results suggest that TAMs can contribute to ADC processing through FcγR interaction in preclinical tumor models and may represent an important additional mechanism for drug release from ADCs. Correlative studies in clinical trials will further shed light on whether TAMs play a role in patients' response to ADC therapies. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(7); 1347-54. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Li
- Preclinical Research, Seattle Genetics, Inc., Bothell, Washington.
| | - Michelle Ulrich
- Preclinical Research, Seattle Genetics, Inc., Bothell, Washington
| | - Mechthild Jonas
- Translational Research, Seattle Genetics, Inc, Bothell, Washington
| | - Ivan J Stone
- Preclinical Research, Seattle Genetics, Inc., Bothell, Washington
| | - Germein Linares
- Translational Research, Seattle Genetics, Inc, Bothell, Washington
| | - Xinqun Zhang
- Chemistry, Seattle Genetics, Inc., Bothell, Washington
| | - Lori Westendorf
- Translational Research, Seattle Genetics, Inc, Bothell, Washington
| | | | - Che-Leung Law
- Preclinical Research, Seattle Genetics, Inc., Bothell, Washington
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION CD30 is a cell surface receptor expressed in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and many other lymphomas to a variable degree. It has been identified as an important therapeutic target in lymphoma. Areas covered: CD30 testing is essential in diagnosis of classical HL and ALCL, and expression can also be seen in other lymphoma subtypes. Development of Brentuximab vedotin (BV), an antibody-drug conjugate directed to CD30, has been an important advance in lymphoma treatment. It is approved in treatment of relapsed HL and ALCL, as well as post-transplant maintenance for HL, and has been shown to be effective in other CD30-expressing lymphomas. This review describes the role of CD30 and the use of CD30-targeted agents in HL, ALCL, and other lymphomas, including review of relevant trials of BV. Expert commentary: Recognition of CD30 expression in lymphoma has led to the development of important therapeutic options. Multiple trials are ongoing combining BV with other agents, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, to develop more effective regimens. In addition, treatments targeting CD30 in different ways are being developed, such as bispecific antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Matthew R Pierce
- a Hematology & Oncology , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
| | - Amitkumar Mehta
- a Hematology & Oncology , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA.,b Department Of Medicine , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , AL , USA
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Abstract
Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) constitute a family of cancer therapeutics designed to preferentially direct a cytotoxic drug to cells expressing a cell-surface antigen recognized by an antibody. The antibody and drug are linked through chemistries that enable release of the cytotoxic drug or drug adduct upon internalization and digestion of the ADC by the cell. Over 40 distinct ADCs, targeting an array of antigens and utilizing a variety of drugs and linkers, are undergoing clinical evaluation. This review primarily covers ADCs that have advanced to clinical investigation with a particular emphasis on how the individual targets, linker chemistries, and appended drugs influence their behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Polakis
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California
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11
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Merli M, Ferrario A, Maffioli M, Olivares C, Stasia A, Arcaini L, Passamonti F. New uses for brentuximab vedotin and novel antibody drug conjugates in lymphoma. Expert Rev Hematol 2016; 9:767-80. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2016.1205949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Superior Therapeutic Index in Lymphoma Therapy: CD30(+) CD34(+) Hematopoietic Stem Cells Resist a Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Attack. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1423-34. [PMID: 27112062 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical trials with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) redirected T cells targeting CD19 revealed particular efficacy in the treatment of leukemia/lymphoma, however, were accompanied by a lasting depletion of healthy B cells. We here explored CD30 as an alternative target, which is validated in lymphoma therapy and expressed by a broad variety of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. As a safty concern, however, CD30 is also expressed by lymphocytes and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) during activation. We revealed that HRS3scFv-derived CAR T cells are superior since they were not blocked by soluble CD30 and did not attack CD30(+) HSPCs while eliminating CD30(+) lymphoma cells. Consequently, normal hemato- and lymphopoiesis was not affected in the long-term in the humanized mouse; the number of blood B and T cells remained unchanged. We provide evidence that the CD30(+) HSPCs are protected against a CAR T-cell attack by substantially lower CD30 levels than lymphoma cells and higher levels of the granzyme B inactivating SP6/PI9 serine protease, which furthermore increased upon activation. Taken together, adoptive cell therapy with anti-CD30 CAR T cells displays a superior therapeutic index in the treatment of CD30(+) malignancies leaving healthy activated lymphocytes and HSPCs unaffected.
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Identification of the Ki-1 antigen (CD30) as a novel therapeutic target in systemic mastocytosis. Blood 2015; 126:2832-41. [PMID: 26486787 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-03-637728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ki-1 antigen (CD30) is an established therapeutic target in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. We have recently shown that CD30 is expressed abundantly in the cytoplasm of neoplastic mast cells (MCs) in patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis (SM). In the current study, we asked whether CD30 is expressed on the surface of neoplastic MCs in advanced SM, and whether this surface structure may serve as therapeutic target in SM. As assessed by flow cytometry, CD30 was found to be expressed on the surface of neoplastic MCs in 3 of 25 patients (12%) with indolent SM, 4 of 7 patients (57%) with aggressive SM, and 4 of 7 patients (57%) with MC leukemia. The immature RAS-transformed human MC line MCPV-1.1 also expressed cell surface CD30, whereas the KIT-transformed MC line HMC-1.2 expressed no detectable CD30. The CD30-targeting antibody-conjugate brentuximab-vedotin inhibited proliferation in neoplastic MCs, with lower IC50 values obtained in CD30(+) MCPV-1.1 cells (10 µg/mL) compared with CD30(-) HMC-1.2 cells (>50 µg/mL). In addition, brentuximab-vedotin suppressed the engraftment of MCPV-1.1 cells in NSG mice. Moreover, brentuximab-vedotin produced apoptosis in all CD30(+) MC lines tested as well as in primary neoplastic MCs in patients with CD30(+) SM, but did not induce apoptosis in neoplastic MCs in patients with CD30(-) SM. Furthermore, brentuximab-vedotin was found to downregulate anti-IgE-induced histamine release in CD30(+) MCs. Finally, brentuximab-vedotin and the KIT D816V-targeting drug PKC412 produced synergistic growth-inhibitory effects in MCPV-1.1 cells. Together, CD30 is a promising new drug target for patients with CD30(+) advanced SM.
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Grover NS, Park SI. Novel Targeted Agents in Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2015; 8:607-36. [PMID: 26393619 PMCID: PMC4588185 DOI: 10.3390/ph8030607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a recent emergence of novel targeted agents for treatment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In particular, antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates directed against surface antigens, agents that block immune checkpoint pathways, and small molecule inhibitors directed against cell signaling pathways have shown significant promise in patients with relapsed and refractory disease and in the frontline setting. With the development of these new therapies, cytotoxic chemotherapy may be avoided entirely in some clinical settings. This review will present the latest information on these novel treatments in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma and will discuss both recently approved agents as well as drugs currently being studied in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S Grover
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7305, USA
| | - Steven I Park
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7305, USA.
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15
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Antiviral prophylaxis in patients with solid tumours and haematological malignancies--update of the Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO). Ann Hematol 2015; 94:1441-50. [PMID: 26193852 PMCID: PMC4525190 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2447-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Reactivation of viral infections is common in patients with solid tumour or haematological malignancy. Incidence and severity depend on the extent of cellular immunosuppression. Antiviral prophylaxis may be effective to prevent viral reactivation. In 2006, the Infectious Diseases Working Party of German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO) published guidelines for antiviral prophylaxis in these patient populations. Here, we present an update of these guidelines for patients with solid and haematological malignancies undergoing antineoplastic treatment but not allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Relevant literature for reactivation of different viruses (herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and respiratory viruses) is discussed to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinicians taking care of this patient population. We recommend a risk-adapted approach with (val)acyclovir against HSV and VZV in patients treated with alemtuzumab, bortezomib or purine analogues. Seasonal vaccination against influenza is recommended for all patients with solid or haematological malignancies regardless of antineoplastic therapy. Hepatitis B screening is recommended in lymphoproliferative disorders, acute leukaemia, and breast cancer, and during treatment with monoclonal anti-B-cell antibodies, anthracyclines, steroids and in autologous stem cell transplantation. In those with a history of hepatitis B prophylactic lamivudine, entecavir or nucleotide analogues as adefovir are recommended to prevent reactivation.
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16
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Merli M, Ferrario A, Maffioli M, Arcaini L, Passamonti F. Investigational therapies targeting lymphocyte antigens for the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015; 24:897-912. [PMID: 25900401 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2015.1038342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The advent of the anti-CD20 mAb rituximab has opened a new era in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), markedly altering standard treatment strategies. Moreover, the proof-of-concept that targeting a specific lymphocyte surface antigen may induce a highly effective and safe targeted killing of malignant cells has opened the door to the development of a plethora of novel mAbs directed towards different B- and T-cell-specific antigens. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the recent available clinical data about new-generation anti-CD20 mAbs characterized by increased antibody- (obinutuzumab) or complement-dependent cyotoxicity (ofatumumab) as well as novel investigational agents targeting other lymphocyte antigens (e.g., CD19, CD22, CD30, CD40, CD52, CCR4), which are currently under investigation for B- and T-cell NHL treatment. In addition, antibody-drug conjugates (inotuzumab ozogamicin, brentuximab vedotin, polatuzumab vedotin), bispecific T-cell engagers (blinatumomab) and a new class of antibodies targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, programmed death 1 or programmed death ligand 1 (immune checkpoint inhibitors) are specifically considered. EXPERT OPINION Among the novel mAbs challenging rituximab, obinutuzumab seems to be in the most advanced phase, with the results of randomized trials awaited shortly. Brentuximab vedotin is increasing its role in T-cell NHL. Furthermore, immune checkpoint inhibitors have the potential to acquire a great relevance in NHL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Merli
- University Hospital Ospedale di Circolo and Fondazione Macchi, Division of Hematology , Viale L. Borri 57, 21100 Varese , Italy +39 332 393 648 ;
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Chen R, Chen B. Brentuximab vedotin for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:1729-33. [PMID: 25848209 PMCID: PMC4376183 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s82007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brentuximab vedotin is a promising antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) targeting CD30 of tumor cells. It selectively delivers monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) into CD30-expressing cells and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Various clinical trials have provided evidence that it is effective in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), and it has also shown its advantages in other CD30-positive lymphomas. In this review, we focus on the structure, mechanisms, and pharmacokinetics of brentuximab vedotin. We also summarize clinical trials with brentuximab vedotin and make recommendations for brentuximab vedotin in the treatment of relapsed or refractory HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhe Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine), Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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