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Magaton IM, Arecco L, Mariamidze E, Jankovic K, Stana M, Buzzatti G, Trevisan L, Scavone G, Ottonello S, Fregatti P, Massarotti C, von Wolff M, Lambertini M. Fertility and Pregnancy-Related Issues in Young BRCA Carriers With Breast Cancer. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2024; 18:11782234241261429. [PMID: 38882447 PMCID: PMC11179469 DOI: 10.1177/11782234241261429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 10% to 15% of breast cancer cases in young women are diagnosed in patients harbouring germline (g) pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (PVs) in the BReast CAncer 1 (BRCA1) or BReast CAncer 2 (BRCA2) genes. Preclinical and clinical studies showed a potential negative effect of germline BRCA1/2 (gBRCA1/2) PVs on ovarian reserve and reproductive potential, even before starting anticancer therapies. The aim of this article is to summarize the current literature on the fertility potential of young gBRCA1/2 PVs carriers with breast cancer and the risk of gonadotoxicity associated with anticancer treatments. Moreover, we describe the available evidence on the efficacy of fertility preservation techniques in young gBRCA1/2 PVs carriers and the safety data on having a pregnancy after breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isotta Martha Magaton
- Division of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women's Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Arecco
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elene Mariamidze
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Todua Clinic, Tbilisi, Georgien
| | - Kristina Jankovic
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Clinic Center Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Mihaela Stana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Elysee Hospital, Alba Iulia, Romania
| | - Giulia Buzzatti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Unit of Hereditary Cancer, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucia Trevisan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Unit of Hereditary Cancer, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Graziana Scavone
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Ottonello
- Departent of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Piero Fregatti
- Department of Surgery, U.O.C. Clinica di Chirurgia Senologica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostic (DISC), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Massarotti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI Department), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal-Child Department, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael von Wolff
- Division of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women's Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Lambertini
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O.C. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), School of Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Heredia A, Walbaum B, Vidal M, Itriago L, Camus M, Dominguez F, Manzor M, Martínez R, Murature G, Muñiz S, Navarro M, Guerra C, Merino T, Medina L, Ibañez C, Ramirez K, Acevedo F, Sánchez C. Suboptimal use of ovarian function suppression in very young women with early breast cancer: a real-world data study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 203:173-179. [PMID: 37733187 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-07117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of breast cancer in young women (BCYW) has increased in recent decades. Malignant disease in this subset is characterized by its aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Ovarian function suppression (OFS) in these patients improves survival especially in hormone receptor-positive (HR +) cases. The Regan Composite Risk (RCR) is a prognostic tool to identify high-risk HR + BC candidates for OFS. Our study sought to characterize a Chilean cohort of early HR + BCYW assessing the use of OFS and its related prognosis and the utility of RCR in our patients. METHODS This was a retrospective population cohort study that included ≤ 35-year-old early HR + /human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 -negative (HER2-) BC patients treated between 2001 and 2021. Analysis included clinical-pathological characteristics, treatment strategies, and survival. Also, we evaluated the association between RCR and survival. RESULTS A total of 143 patients were included into our study, representing 2.9% of all early BC cases in our registry. Median age was 31 years old (range: 19-35). Most patients (93%) received endocrine therapy (ET). Of these, 18% received OFS. No survival differences were observed among treatment strategies. Median RCR score for patients treated with CT plus ET was significantly higher vs. ET alone (2.95 vs. 1.91; p = 0.0001). Conversely, patients treated with tamoxifen alone had significantly lower RCR scores vs. OFS (2.72 vs. 3.14; p = 0.04). Higher RCR scores were associated with poorer overall survival. CONCLUSION Less than 20% of very young women with early HR + /HER2-BC in our cohort received OFS, in most cases, this involved surgical oophorectomy. RCR score was higher in patients that underwent CT and OFS and was associated with survival, regardless of treatment. We confirm the RCR score as a valuable prognostic tool to identify high-risk BC patients who could benefit from OFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heredia
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
- Unidad de Oncología Hospital Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Benjamín Walbaum
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación ChileSinCáncer, Santiago, Chile
- Oncología Médica, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Vidal
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapeutics in Solid Tumors Lab - IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Laura Itriago
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Camus
- Departamento de Cirugía Oncológica, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Dominguez
- Departamento de Cirugía Oncológica, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Manzor
- Cirugía Oncológica, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl Martínez
- Cirugía Oncológica, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - Geraldine Murature
- Cirugía Oncológica, Hospital Dra. Eloísa Díaz La Florida, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sabrina Muñiz
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marisel Navarro
- Cirugía Oncológica, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - Constanza Guerra
- Cirugía Oncológica, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas Merino
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lidia Medina
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Ibañez
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karol Ramirez
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
- Fundación ChileSinCáncer, Santiago, Chile
- Oncología Médica, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Acevedo
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Sánchez
- Departamento de Hematología-Oncología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Diagonal Paraguay 362, Santiago, Chile.
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Sii S, Polyakov A, Rozen G, Agresta F, Stern K. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in breast cancer patients: Does oestrogen receptor status make a difference? Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2023; 63:774-779. [PMID: 37317583 DOI: 10.1111/ajo.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of different breast cancer receptor status may impact ovarian stimulation outcomes. AIM To study the association between oestrogen receptor (ER) status in breast cancer patients and fertility preservation outcomes in a major tertiary referral centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS Women who underwent fertility preservation following the diagnosis of breast cancer from 2008 to 2018 were included in the study. Patient age, ovarian stimulation parameters and laboratory outcomes were recorded and compared between the ER positive and negative groups. The primary outcome was total number of oocytes frozen. Secondary outcomes included total number of oocytes collected, mature oocytes, and embryos frozen. RESULTS The women included in the study (n = 214) were analysed in the following groups based on their fertility preservation method: oocyte freezing (n = 131), embryo freezing (n = 70), and both embryo and oocyte freezing (n = 13). There was an increase in the mean (but not mature) number of oocytes frozen (12.4 and 9.2, P-value = 0.03) favouring the ER positive group, even though the women in this group were older (35.0 and 33.4, P-value of 0.03). There is no difference in the starting follicle-stimulating hormone dose, duration of stimulation, mature oocytes collected, and embryos frozen in both groups. CONCLUSION Patients with ER positive breast cancer may have more positive ovarian stimulation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alex Polyakov
- Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Genia Rozen
- Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Kate Stern
- Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Jugulytė N, Žukienė G, Bartkevičienė D. Emerging Use of Vaginal Laser to Treat Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause for Breast Cancer Survivors: A Review. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59010132. [PMID: 36676756 PMCID: PMC9860929 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy and endocrine therapy, can cause earlier and more sudden menopausal symptoms. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is one of the most bothersome side effects of breast cancer treatment, resulting in sexual dysfunction and impaired quality of life. GSM includes genital, urinary, and sexual symptoms. However, alleviating symptoms of GSM for breast cancer survivors may be challenging due to ineffectiveness, contraindications, and low adherence to treatment. The most recent data show the feasibility and safety of vaginal laser to treat GSM for breast cancer survivors. This narrative review provides the aspects of GSM in breast cancer patients, putting the focus on the efficacy and safety of vaginal laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Jugulytė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
| | - Guoda Žukienė
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Bartkevičienė
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Todorović-Raković N, Milovanović J, Greenman J, Radulovic M. The prognostic significance of serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in hormonally dependent breast cancer. Cytokine 2022; 152:155836. [PMID: 35219004 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is a pleiotropic immunomodulatory cytokine. Because of its contradictory and even dualistic roles in malignancies, its potential as a biomarker remains to be unraveled. AIM To evaluate the prognostic significance of serum IFN-γ in hormonally treated breast cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 72 premenopausal breast cancer patients with known clinicopathological characteristics. All patients received adjuvant hormonal therapy based on hormone receptor-positivity. The median follow-up period was 93 months. IFN-γ serum protein levels were determined by quantitative ELISA. Prognostic performance was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Classification of patients into IFN-γlow and IFN-γhigh subgroups was performed by the use of the outcome-oriented cut-off point categorization approach. RESULTS The best prognostic performance was achieved by IFN-γ (AUC = 0.24 and p = 0.01 for distant events, AUC = 0.29 and p = 0.01 for local and distant events combined). Age and IFN-γ were prognostically significant in instances of all types of outcomes and IFN-γ was the independent prognostic parameter (Cox regression). There was a significant difference between IFN-γ values of patients without any events and those with distant metastases (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.007). IFN-γ levels correlated significantly with nodal status and tumor stage (Spearman's rank order, r = -0.283 and r = -0.238, respectively). Distant recurrence incidence was 4% for the IFN-γhigh subgroup and 33% for the IFN-γlow subgroup (Kaplan-Meier analysis). CONCLUSIONS Raised serum IFN-γ levels associate independently with favorable disease outcome in hormonally dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Todorović-Raković
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Milovanović
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - John Greenman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
| | - Marko Radulovic
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Sukumar JS, Quiroga D, Kassem M, Grimm M, Shinde NV, Appiah L, Palettas M, Stephens J, Gatti-Mays ME, Pariser A, Cherian M, Stover DG, Williams N, Van Deusen J, Wesolowski R, Lustberg M, Ramaswamy B, Sardesai S. Patient preferences and adherence to adjuvant GnRH analogs among premenopausal women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 190:183-188. [PMID: 34498153 PMCID: PMC8560558 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adjuvant ovarian function suppression (OFS) in premenopausal hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer (BC) improves survival. Adherence to adjuvant gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRHa) remains a challenge and is associated with toxicities and inconvenient parenteral administration. The goal of this study was to describe real-world adherence patterns and patient preferences surrounding adjuvant GnRHa. METHODS We analyzed the medical records of premenopausal women with non-metastatic HR positive BC from January 2000 to December 2017; participants received adjuvant monthly goserelin or leuprolide at The Ohio State University. Data collected included demographics, clinicopathologic characteristics, and OFS adherence/side effects. We defined non-adherence as discontinuation of GnRHa within 3 years for a reason other than switching to an alternate OFS, delay > 7 days from a dose, or a missed dose. Chi-square tests assessed associations between clinical characteristics and outcomes. RESULTS A total of 325 patients met eligibility. Of these, 119 (37%) patients were non-adherent to GnRHa; 137 (42%) underwent elective bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy after initial GnRHa. Those opting for surgery reported significantly more hot flashes (74% vs 48%, p < 0.001), arthralgias (46% vs 30%, p = 0.003), and vaginal dryness (37% vs 21%, p = 0.001) compared with patients remaining on GnRHa. CONCLUSION Non-adherence to adjuvant GnRHa occurred in over a third of patients and almost half the patients initiating GnRHa underwent subsequent surgical ablation. These high frequencies highlight real-world patterns of OFS. Additionally, treatment toxicities may impact personal preference of OFS modality. Personalized practices to target predictors of adjuvant GnRHa non-adherence are critical to optimize symptoms, adherence, and survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine S Sukumar
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Dionisia Quiroga
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mahmoud Kassem
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael Grimm
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Namrata Vilas Shinde
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Leslie Appiah
- Division of Academic Specialists in Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anshultz, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marilly Palettas
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Julie Stephens
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Margaret E Gatti-Mays
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ashley Pariser
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mathew Cherian
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Daniel G Stover
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nicole Williams
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jeffrey Van Deusen
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Robert Wesolowski
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Maryam Lustberg
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Sagar Sardesai
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1204A Lincoln Tower, 1800 Cannon Dr., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Kauffman RP, Young C, Castracane VD. Perils of prolonged ovarian suppression and hypoestrogenism in the treatment of breast cancer: Is the risk of treatment worse than the risk of recurrence? Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 525:111181. [PMID: 33529690 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Premenopausal breast cancer is usually estrogen receptor positive, and hence, prolonged ovarian suppression by medical or surgical means to prevent recurrence has become standard of management to improve disease-free survival. Ten-year adjuvant tamoxifen therapy is associated with 3.5% fewer recurrences compared to five years. The SOFT trial demonstrated small but statistically significant incremental improvements in long-term disease-free survival by the addition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog treatment (triptorelin) to an aromatase inhibitor (exemestane). Profound hypoestrogenism in the premenopausal age group may not be well tolerated due to a host of bothersome side effects (primarily vasomotor symptoms, musculoskeletal complaints, genitourinary syndrome of menopause, and mood disorders). Prolonged hypoestrogenism in younger women is associated with premature development of cardiovascular disease, bone loss, cognitive decline, and all-cause mortality. This paper explores multi-system consequences of prolonged hypoestrogenism in premenopausal women derived from studies of women with and without breast cancer. Pretreatment counseling in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer should emphasize the benefit of prolonged estrogen suppression on breast cancer recurrence and established risks of lifelong hypoestrogenism on quality of life and all-cause mortality. Future genomic research may help identify the best candidates for extended ovarian suppression to avoid treating many women when only a minority benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Kauffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 1400 S. Coulter Rd, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
| | - Christina Young
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 1400 S. Coulter Rd, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
| | - V Daniel Castracane
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, 1400 S. Coulter Rd, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA
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Committee Of Diagnosis Treatment And Fertility Management Of Chinese Young Breast Cancer Patients. Expert consensus on diagnosis, treatment and fertility management of young breast cancer patients. JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER CENTER 2021; 1:23-30. [PMID: 39036789 PMCID: PMC11256642 DOI: 10.1016/j.jncc.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer in young females is a relatively common disease in China. Young breast cancer has aggressive clinical and pathological features. During the treatment of young females with breast cancer, issues involving the choice of surgical methods, early amenorrhea, and fertility protection may have physical, psychological, and social impacts. Thus, a multidisciplinary model of diagnosis and treatment is indispensable. The breast cancer expert committee of the National Cancer Quality Control Center organized experts in related fields in China to compile this consensus as to provide scientific and feasible solutions for rational diagnosis, treatment, and fertility management for young females with breast cancer. This consensus is based on the literature data, the views of relevant international guidelines, and the clinical practice experience of experts in different fields.
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Impact of ovarian function suppression in premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 2020; 31:43-51. [PMID: 30299291 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This manuscript aims at providing an updated overview on the role of adding ovarian function suppression to tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor as adjuvant endocrine therapy in premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive early breast cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Until recently, tamoxifen alone was the only recommended adjuvant treatment option for premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive disease. However, recent important evidence has contributed to significantly modify the endocrine treatment landscape in this setting. SUMMARY With the only exception of patients with low-risk clinical-pathological features characterized by excellent survival outcomes with tamoxifen alone, the use of ovarian function suppression is to be considered standard of care for most of premenopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive disease. Regarding the choice of its best partner as endocrine agent, the available data suggest that the higher the risk of disease recurrence the larger benefit can be observed with a more profound estrogen deprivation that can be obtained with ovarian function suppression and an aromatase inhibitor as compared to ovarian function suppression and tamoxifen. Despite the significant improvement in our understanding on the role of ovarian function suppression in this setting, several unanswered questions remain and further research efforts are needed in the field.
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Helland T, Hagen KB, Haugstøyl ME, Kvaløy JT, Lunde S, Lode K, Lind RA, Gripsrud BH, Jonsdottir K, Gjerde J, Bifulco E, Hustad S, Jonassen J, Aas T, Lende TH, Lien EA, Janssen EAM, Søiland H, Mellgren G. Drug monitoring of tamoxifen metabolites predicts vaginal dryness and verifies a low discontinuation rate from the Norwegian Prescription Database. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 177:185-195. [PMID: 31144152 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tamoxifen is an important targeted endocrine therapy in breast cancer. However, side effects and early discontinuation of tamoxifen remains a barrier for obtaining the improved outcome benefits of long-term tamoxifen treatment. Biomarkers predictive of tamoxifen side effects remain unidentified. The objective of this prospective population-based study was to investigate the value of tamoxifen metabolite concentrations as biomarkers for side effects. A second objective was to assess the validity of discontinuation rates obtained through pharmacy records with the use of tamoxifen drug monitoring. METHODS Longitudinal serum samples, patient-reported outcome measures and pharmacy records from 220 breast cancer patients were obtained over a 6-year period. Serum concentrations of tamoxifen metabolites were measured by LC-MS/MS. Associations between metabolite concentrations and side effects were analyzed by logistic regression and cross table analyses. To determine the validity of pharmacy records we compared longitudinal tamoxifen concentrations to discontinuation rates obtained through the Norwegian Prescription database (NorPD). Multivariable Cox regression models were performed to identify predictors of discontinuation. RESULTS At the 2nd year of follow-up, a significant association between vaginal dryness and high concentrations of tamoxifen, Z-4'-OHtam and tam-NoX was identified. NorPD showed a tamoxifen-discontinuation rate of 17.9% at 5 years and drug monitoring demonstrated similar rates. Nausea, vaginal dryness and chemotherapy-naive status were significant risk factors for tamoxifen discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS This real-world data study suggests that measurements of tamoxifen metabolite concentrations may be predictive of vaginal dryness in breast cancer patients and verifies NorPD as a reliable source of adherence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Helland
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kari Britt Hagen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Martha Eimstad Haugstøyl
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Terje Kvaløy
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Siri Lunde
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kirsten Lode
- Department of Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ragna Anne Lind
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Birgitta Haga Gripsrud
- Department of Caring and Ethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kristin Jonsdottir
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jennifer Gjerde
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ersilia Bifulco
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Core Facility for Metabolomics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Steinar Hustad
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Core Facility for Metabolomics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Janne Jonassen
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Turid Aas
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tone Hoel Lende
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ernst Asbjørn Lien
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Emiel Adrianus Maria Janssen
- Department of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Håvard Søiland
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Gunnar Mellgren
- Hormone Laboratory, Haukeland University Hospital, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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Tomao F, Di Pinto A, Sassu CM, Bardhi E, Di Donato V, Muzii L, Petrella MC, Peccatori FA, Panici PB. Fertility preservation in ovarian tumours. Ecancermedicalscience 2018; 12:885. [PMID: 30679952 PMCID: PMC6345054 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2018.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A considerable number of patients with a cancer diagnosis are of childbearing age and have not satisfied their desire for a family. Despite ovarian cancer (OC) usually occurring in older patients, 3%-14% are diagnosed at a fertile age with the overall 5-year survival rate being 91.2% in women ≤44 years of age when it is found at 1A-B stage. In this scenario, testing the safety and the efficacy of fertility sparing strategies in OC patients is very important overall in terms of quality of life. Unfortunately, the lack of randomised trials to validate conservative approaches does not guarantee the safety of fertility preservation strategies. However, evidence-based data from descriptive series suggest that in selected cases, the preservation of the uterus and at least one part of the ovary does not lead to a high risk of relapse. This conservative surgery helps to maintain organ function, giving patients of childbearing age the possibility to preserve their fertility. We hereby analysed the main evidence from the international literature on this topic in order to highlight the selected criteria for conservative management of OC patients, including healthy BRCA mutations carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Tomao
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Di Pinto
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Maria Sassu
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Erlisa Bardhi
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Violante Di Donato
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Muzii
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- Department of Gynaecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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12
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Tang S, Zhang Q, Tang X, Chen D, Zhang F, Liu J, Wei W, Liu D. Long-term comparisons of the efficacy, safety, and pregnancy outcomes of adjuvant tamoxifen plus ovarian function suppression in premenopausal Han and Zhuang Chinese patients with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer. J Int Med Res 2018; 47:641-652. [PMID: 30354917 PMCID: PMC6381485 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518807100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the efficacy, safety, and pregnancy outcomes of tamoxifen plus ovarian function suppression (OFS) between Han and Zhuang women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Methods A total of 236 Han and 101 Zhuang women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who received tamoxifen plus OFS were analyzed retrospectively. Long-term disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis, and adverse events and pregnancy outcomes were assessed by χ2 and Fisher’s exact-probability tests. Results There was no significant difference in DFS or OS between Han and Zhuang women (5-year DFS 74.57% and 77.23%, OS 85.59% and 90.01%, respectively). The incidences of endometrial hyperplasia, ovarian cysts, nausea and vomiting, fatty liver, retinitis, and thrombocytopenic purpura were similar in both groups, but Zhuang women had significantly more allergic reactions (6.93% vs. 2.12%). Pregnancy rates among women who attempted pregnancy were similar (Han, 7/138, 5.07%; Zhuang, 2/46, 4.35%). Conclusions OFS plus tamoxifen resulted in similar DFS and OS among premenopausal Han and Zhuang women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. However, Zhuang women were more likely to experience an allergic reaction. For women with fertility concerns, OFS plus tamoxifen was associated with similar pregnancy rates in Zhuang and Han women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicong Tang
- 1 Department of Breast Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- 2 Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghui Tang
- 2 Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Chen
- 3 Department of Ultrasound, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- 4 Department of Thyroid Breast and Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlun Liu
- 5 Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- 5 Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dequan Liu
- 1 Department of Breast Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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13
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Traila A, Dima D, Achimas-Cadariu P, Micu R. Fertility preservation in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients that undergo targeted molecular therapies: an important step forward from the chemotherapy era. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1517-1526. [PMID: 29942153 PMCID: PMC6005299 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s154819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In total, 80%-90% of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients are curable with combination chemoradiotherapy. Due to improvements in therapeutic strategies, 50% of all relapsed/refractory patients may undergo complete clinical responses and have long-term survival. Treatment options for HL are effective, but may have a negative impact on post-chemotherapy fertility. Thus, cryopreservation of semen prior to treatment is recommended for male patients. For female patients, assisted reproductive techniques (ART) consult and fertility preservation should be offered as a therapeutical option. In the last years, new targeted molecules have been available for HL treatment. These new drugs showed a high rate of overall responses in the setting of heavily pretreated patients, most of them in relapse after autologous stem cell transplantation, a group previously considered very poor risk. Up to 50% of patients have a complete response and an improved overall survival. Future studies will address the usefulness of novel molecules as a frontline therapy. Considering the high response and survival rates with monoclonal antibody-based therapeutics, fertility has become a concerning issue for long-term HL survivors. As progress has been made regarding ART, with the rigorous steps planned for HL patients, more survivors will become parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Traila
- School of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Delia Dima
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Patriciu Achimas-Cadariu
- School of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Romeo Micu
- School of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
- Department of Human Assisted Reproduction of 1st Gynecology Clinic, Cluj Napoca, Romania
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14
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Pistelli M, Mora AD, Ballatore Z, Berardi R. Aromatase inhibitors in premenopausal women with breast cancer: the state of the art and future prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:e168-e175. [PMID: 29719441 DOI: 10.3747/co.25.3735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 11% of patients with breast cancer (bca) are diagnosed before menopause, and because in most of those patients the tumour expresses a hormone receptor, treatment with endocrine interventions can be applied in any setting of disease (early or advanced). In the past, hormonal treatment consisted only of the estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen, associated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (lhrh); more recently, aromatase inhibitors (ais) have come into widespread use. The ais interfere with the last enzymatic step of estrogen synthesis in which androgens are converted into estrogens. Initially, the ais were used alone in postmenopausal patients to prevent disease recurrence, but together with lhrh analogs, they can be used in premenopausal patients to produce better estrogen suppression than can be achieved with tamoxifen plus a lhrh analog. Using a systematic review of the scientific literature (prospective and retrospective studies), we set out to assess the efficacy of ais compared with other endocrine therapy in various disease settings (neoadjuvant, adjuvant, metastatic).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pistelli
- Clinica di Oncologia Medica e Centro Regionale di Genetica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Della Mora
- Clinica di Oncologia Medica e Centro Regionale di Genetica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Z Ballatore
- Clinica di Oncologia Medica e Centro Regionale di Genetica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Berardi
- Clinica di Oncologia Medica e Centro Regionale di Genetica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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15
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Fertility and pregnancy issues in BRCA -mutated breast cancer patients. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 59:61-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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