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Kawabata K, Nishikubo H, Kanei S, Aoyama R, Tsukada Y, Sano T, Imanishi D, Sakuma T, Maruo K, Yamamoto Y, Wang Q, Zhu Z, Fan C, Yashiro M. Significance of Multi-Cancer Genome Profiling Testing for Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of 3326 Cases from Japan's National Database. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:792. [PMID: 38927728 PMCID: PMC11203237 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) has the highest morbidity rate and the second-highest mortality rate of all cancers among women. Recently, multi-cancer genome profiling (multi-CGP) tests have become clinically available. In this study, we aimed to clarify the significance of multi-CGP testing of BC by using the large clinical dataset from The Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics (C-CAT) profiling database in Japan. Materials and Methods: A total of 3744 BC cases were extracted from the C-CAT database, which enrolled 60,250 patients between June 2019 and October 2023. Of the 3744 BC cases, a total of 3326 cases for which the C-CAT included information on ER, PR, and HER2 status were classified into four subtypes, including TNBC, HR+/HER2-, HR+/HER2+, and HR-/HER2+. Comparisons between groups were performed by the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test using EZR. Kaplan-Meier curves were created using the log-rank test. Results: Of all 3326 cases analyzed, 1114 (33.5%) were TNBC cases, HR+/HER2- accounted for 1787 cases (53.7%), HR+/HER2+ for 260 cases (7.8%), and HR-/HER2+ for 165 cases (5.0%). Genetic abnormalities were most frequently detected in TP53 (58.0%), PIK3CA (35.5%), MYC (18.7%), FGF19 (15.5%), and GATA3 (15.1%) across all BCs. The rate of TMB-High was 12.3%, and the rate of MSI-High was 0.3%, in all BC cases. Therapeutic drugs were proposed for patients with mutations in six genes: PIK3CA, ERBB2, PTEN, FGFR1, ESR1, and AKT1. The prognoses of HR+/HER2- cases were significantly (p = 0.044) better in the treated group than in the untreated group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that cancer gene panel testing is useful for HR+/HER2- cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoka Kawabata
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Hinano Nishikubo
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Saki Kanei
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Rika Aoyama
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Yuki Tsukada
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Tomoya Sano
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Daiki Imanishi
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Takashi Sakuma
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Koji Maruo
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Yurie Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Zhonglin Zhu
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Canfeng Fan
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (K.K.); (H.N.); (S.K.); (R.A.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (D.I.); (T.S.); (K.M.); (Y.Y.); (Q.W.); (Z.Z.); (C.F.)
- Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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Kheraldine H, Hassan AF, Alhussain H, Al-Thawadi H, Vranic S, Al Moustafa AE. Effects of neratinib on angiogenesis and the early stage of the embryo using chicken embryo as a model. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:575-581. [PMID: 38158791 PMCID: PMC11088882 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of forming new blood capillaries from pre-existing vessels. Even though it is essential during normal development, it plays a major role in cancer progression. Neratinib is a pan-human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) inhibitor that has recently been approved for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. However, its effects on angiogenesis and embryogenesis remain unknown. This study examined the antiangiogenic effects of neratinib using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken embryos. We also evaluated neratinib's toxicity during the early stages of normal development using the chicken embryos, primary embryonic fibroblasts (EFBs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Our findings revealed that neratinib significantly inhibited the CAM angiogenesis compared to controls by reducing vessel percentage area and the average vessel length. Furthermore, neratinib downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key mediator of angiogenesis. At lower concentrations, neratinib was well-tolerated during early stages of normal development. Additionally, EFBs treated with neratinib showed no morphological or viability changes when compared to controls. However, at the highest concentration tested, neratinib treatment reduced HUVEC cell viability. This effect may be associated with the dysregulation of key apoptotic genes, including caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) gene. Our findings indicate a novel potential application of neratinib as an antiangiogenic agent, exhibiting tolerable toxicity in the early stages of embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Dörfel D, Babst N, Heindl LM, Kakkassery V, Müller MR. [Staging and systemic treatment of ocular and periocular metastases]. DIE OPHTHALMOLOGIE 2024; 121:374-381. [PMID: 38683363 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-024-02034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Metastases of malignant diseases are the most frequent tumors diagnosed in the human eye. They occur in approximately 5-10% of patients with solid tumors during the course of the disease. Their frequency is particularly high in patients with breast and lung cancer. Many highly sensitive periorbital tissues can be affected by the localization of the metastatic lesions and pose a number of clinical challenges. The main goal of the therapy of ocular metastases consists of the control of tumor growth (including the control of other possible manifestations throughout the body), the preservation of the affected eye and the minimization of potential iatrogenic damage to adjacent tissues. Overall, the purpose of this strategy is also to maintain the quality of life and especially the eyes and vision of the patient. Furthermore, pain should be avoided or at least alleviated. Of special importance is the differentiation between a curative or palliative situation. Patients with ocular metastases usually undergo systemic treatment appropriate for the underlying tumor entity, which is often accompanied by concomitant or sequential radiotherapy. In addition to classical chemotherapy, targeted treatment, treatment with monoclonal antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates as well as immunotherapy with checkpoint antibodies are currently available for many cancer types. This review article gives an overview of the currently available treatment options for patients with ocular metastases of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Dörfel
- Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Immunologie, KRH Klinikum Siloah, Klinikum Region Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Neele Babst
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (Campus Lübeck), Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Ludwig Maximillian Heindl
- Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Medizinische Fakultät und Universitätsklinikum Köln, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland
- Centrum für Integrierte Onkologie (CIO) Aachen-Bonn-Köln-Düsseldorf, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Vinodh Kakkassery
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (Campus Lübeck), Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Klinikum Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Deutschland
| | - Martin R Müller
- Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und Immunologie, KRH Klinikum Siloah, Klinikum Region Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland.
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Rubin E, Shan KS, Dalal S, Vu DUD, Milillo-Naraine AM, Guaqueta D, Ergle A. Molecular Targeting of the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER2) Genes across Various Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1064. [PMID: 38256137 PMCID: PMC10816365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) belongs to the ErbB family, a group of four transmembrane glycoproteins with tyrosine kinase activity, all structurally related to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These tyrosine kinases are involved in the transmission of cellular signals controlling normal cell growth and differentiation. If this transmission goes awry, it can lead to dysregulated growth of the cell. HER2 specifically can be implicated in the pathogenesis of at least eight malignancies. HER2 positivity quickly became a well-characterized indicator of aggressiveness and poor prognosis, with high rates of disease progression and mortality. After realizing the implication of HER2, it first became investigated as a target for treatment in breast cancer, and later expanded to areas of research in other cancer types. To this day, the most therapeutic advancements of anti-HER2 therapy have been in breast cancer; however, there have been strong advancements made in the incorporation of anti-HER2 therapy in other cancer types as well. This comprehensive review dissects HER2 to its core, incorporating the most up to date information. The topics touched upon are discussed in detail and up to 200 published sources from the most highly recognized journals have been integrated. The importance of knowing about HER2 is exemplified by the groundbreaking advancements that have been made, and the change in treatment plans it has brought to the oncological world in the last twenty years. Since its groundbreaking discovery there have been significant breakthroughs in knowledge regarding the actual receptor, the receptors biology, its mechanism of action, and advancements in tests to detect HER2 and significant strides on how to best incorporate targeted treatment. Due to the success of this field thus far, the review concludes by discussing the future of novel anti-HER2 therapy currently in development that everyone should be aware of.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Rubin
- Memorial Cancer Institute, Pembroke Pines, FL 33028, USA; (K.S.S.); (S.D.); (D.U.D.V.); (A.M.M.-N.); (D.G.); (A.E.)
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