Allergen immunotherapy

Is immunotherapy effective in allergic disease?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW

The purpose of this review is to summarize the basic principles of effective immunotherapy, and to highlight some of the advances that have been published in the past year.

RECENT FINDINGS

Recent findings show that immunotherapy, when performed appropriately and properly, not only causes a decrease in symptoms, use of medication and an improved quality of life, but also that the shift from allergic rhinitis to asthma is substantially decreased and the development of new allergies is diminished. In addition, laboratory studies continue to demonstrate significant changes in the immune system moving the patient towards a non-allergic immune function T helper type 2 cell to T helper type 1 cell shift.

SUMMARY

In summary, recent research clearly continues to demonstrate the efficacy of immunotherapy not only as a therapeutic agent but as a preventive one as well.

Atopic diseases of childhood

The atopic diseases of childhood consist of the triad of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. All share a common pathogenesis, being mediated by IgE, and are frequently present together in the same individual and family. These disorders and their comorbidities comprise a large component of general pediatric practice and their incidence in developed countries has been increasing over the past few decades. They are a leading reason for clinic and emergency room visits, as well as hospital admissions. They have the potential to interfere with education, physical activity, socialization, and self-esteem. Fortunately, we now have a reasonable armamentarium of maintenance medications available to help control these disorders and improve the quality of life for children suffering from them. In addition, early diagnosis and aggressive management of these disorders seem to offer the possibility of altering their natural history. As such, developing a sensible approach to the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders in an outpatient setting is essential. In this review, I summarize the most current literature and provide a framework for effectively diagnosing and managing these disorders.