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Probiotics in Children with Asthma. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9070978. [PMID: 35883962 PMCID: PMC9316460 DOI: 10.3390/children9070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A type-2 immune response usually sustains wheezing and asthma in children. In addition, dysbiosis of digestive and respiratory tracts is detectable in patients with wheezing and asthma. Probiotics may rebalance immune response, repair dysbiosis, and mitigate airway inflammation. As a result, probiotics may prevent asthma and wheezing relapse. There is evidence that some probiotic strains may improve asthma outcomes in children. In this context, the PROPAM study provided evidence that two specific strains significantly prevented asthma exacerbations and wheezing episodes. Therefore, oral probiotics could be used as add-on asthma therapy in managing children with asthma, but the choice should be based on documented evidence.
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Ciprandi G, Cioffi L, Giuliano M, Pane M, Drago L. The PRObiotics in Pediatric Asthma Management (PROPAM) study: A post hoc analysis in preschoolers. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:1355-1357. [PMID: 35243820 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Ciprandi
- Outpatients Department, Allergy Clinic, Casa di Cura Villa Serena, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luigi Cioffi
- Primary Care Department, Pediatric Primary Care ASL Napoli 2, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Giuliano
- Primary Care Department, Pediatric Primary Care ASL Napoli 2, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Pane
- Research and development Department, Research and Development, Probiotical Research, Novara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Sugiura S, Hiramitsu Y, Futamura M, Kamioka N, Yamaguchi C, Umemura H, Ito K, Camargo CA. Prevalence and associated factors of wheeze in early infancy. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:818-824. [PMID: 33108026 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of wheeze in early childhood and to characterize associated factors for wheeze that could identify potentially feasible interventions for the future prevention of wheeze. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the data from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)-modified self-administered questionnaire of parents of 4-month-old infants at well-child visits (mandatory health check-ups) in Nagoya City, Japan, between April 2016 and March 2017 (development dataset) and between April 2017 and March 2018 (validation dataset). We used a multivariable, multilevel analysis to identify significant (P < 0.05), associated factors (Bonferroni correction was applied as necessary) after adjustment for local outbreaks of virus-transmitted diseases, access to medical facilities, and socioeconomic status. RESULTS Among the 20 362 questionnaires given to families of infants living in Nagoya City (development dataset), 19 104 questionnaires (93.8%) were analyzed after data cleaning. In all, 1,446 (7.6%) infants experienced wheeze at least once within 4 months of age, 991 (5.2%) visited the clinic/hospital with wheeze, and 244 (1.3%) underwent hospitalization at that time. In the multilevel, multivariable model for hospitalization with wheeze, significant associated factors were male sex (adjusted odds ratio 1.8; 95% confidence interval 1.4-2.3), maternal current smoking (3.3; 2.0-5.5), and having at least one sibling (3.0; 2.2-4.1). These factors were also associated with wheeze and clinic/hospital visit with wheeze, and the results were confirmed in the validation dataset. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights that smoking cessation among mothers and improved hand hygiene at home are two interventions that could potentially decrease wheeze in early infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Sugiura
- Committee for the Prevention of Pediatric Allergic Disease, Nagoya, Japan.,Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Hiramitsu
- Committee for the Prevention of Pediatric Allergic Disease, Nagoya, Japan.,Nagoya City Public Health Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Futamura
- Committee for the Prevention of Pediatric Allergic Disease, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naomi Kamioka
- Committee for the Prevention of Pediatric Allergic Disease, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chikae Yamaguchi
- Committee for the Prevention of Pediatric Allergic Disease, Nagoya, Japan.,Nagoya City University Graduate School of Nursing, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Harue Umemura
- Committee for the Prevention of Pediatric Allergic Disease, Nagoya, Japan.,School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nissin, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Committee for the Prevention of Pediatric Allergic Disease, Nagoya, Japan.,Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Columbo C, Landolfo F, De Rose DU, Massolo AC, Secinaro A, Santangelo TP, Trozzi M, Campanale CM, Toscano A, Capolupo I, Bagolan P, Dotta A. The Role of Lung Function Testing in Newborn Infants With Congenital Thoracic Arterial Anomalies. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:682551. [PMID: 34211945 PMCID: PMC8239236 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.682551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Congenital thoracic arterial anomalies (CTAAs), such as complete or incomplete vascular rings, pulmonary artery sling, and innominate artery compression syndrome, may cause severe tracheomalacia and upper airway obstruction. An obstructive ventilatory pattern at lung function testing (LFT) has been suggested in the presence of CTAA. The severity of obstruction may be evaluated by LFT. Little is known about the use of LFT in newborn infants with CTAA. The aim of our study is to evaluate the role of LFT in CTAA diagnosis. Methods: This is a retrospective study, conducted between February 2016 and July 2020. All CTAA cases for whom LFT was performed preoperatively were considered for inclusion. Tidal volume (Vt), respiratory rate, and the ratio of time to reach the peak tidal expiratory flow over total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) were assessed and compared to existing normative data. Demographics and CTAA characteristics were also collected. Results: Thirty cases were included. All infants with CTAA showed a significantly reduced Vt and tPTEF/tE, compared to existing normative data suggesting an obstructive pattern. No significant differences were found for LFT between cases with a tracheal obstruction <50% compared to those with tracheal obstruction ≥50%, or between cases with and without symptoms. Sixteen infants (53.3%) had respiratory symptoms related to CTAA. Of these, only two cases had also dysphagia. Conclusion: LFT values were significantly reduced in cases with CTAA before surgery. LFT represents a potential feasible and non-invasive useful tool to guide diagnosis in the suspect of CTAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Columbo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Landolfo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Umberto De Rose
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Claudia Massolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelio Secinaro
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Pia Santangelo
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena Trozzi
- Airway Surgery Unit, "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosimo Marco Campanale
- Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Toscano
- Perinatal Cardiology Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Irma Capolupo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Bagolan
- Newborn Surgery Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Dotta
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Medical and Surgical Department of Fetus, Newborn and Infant-"Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Araújo BCL, de Magalhães Simões S, de Gois-Santos VT, Martins-Filho PRS. Association Between Mouth Breathing and Asthma: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2020; 20:24. [PMID: 32430704 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-020-00921-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association between asthma and mouth breathing. We performed a systematic search in the PubMed, SCOPUS, Lilacs, Web of Science, Google Scholar and OpenThesis databases. RECENT FINDINGS Asthma is defined as a heterogeneous disease characterized by variable symptoms of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest oppression and/or cough, and limitation of expiratory airflow. Although several studies have examined the association between asthma and mouth breathing, there are no systematic reviews or meta-analyses that synthesize the available bodies of evidence. We used the odds ratio as a measure of the association between asthma and mouth breathing. Summary estimates were calculated using random-effects models, and the risk of bias was estimated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case-control studies and the National Institutes of Health tool for cross-sectional studies. Nine studies were included in the present systematic review. Data from 12,147 subjects were analyzed, of which 2083 were children and adolescents and 10,064 were adults. We found an association between mouth breathing and asthma in children and adolescents (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.78-3.39) and in adults (OR 4.60, 95% CI 1.49-14.20). However, limitations were found in the methodological description of the included studies, as well as high heterogeneity among studies evaluating adult populations. This meta-analysis showed an association between mouth breathing and asthma in children, adolescents and adults, but the results should be interpreted with caution. Further studies with standardized criteria for the investigation of mouth breathing are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Carla Lima Araújo
- Department of Speech Therapy, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n. Bairro Sanatório, Aracaju, SE, 49060-100, Brazil. .,Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil.
| | - Silvia de Magalhães Simões
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n. Bairro Sanatório, Aracaju, SE, 49060-100, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Tavares de Gois-Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n. Bairro Sanatório, Aracaju, SE, 49060-100, Brazil.,Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Saquete Martins-Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista, s/n. Bairro Sanatório, Aracaju, SE, 49060-100, Brazil.,Investigative Pathology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
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In The Differential Diagnosis of Wheezy infant, Chilaiditi Syndrome Caused by Empty Bottle Absorption. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.661326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Van Daele E, Knol J, Belzer C. Microbial transmission from mother to child: improving infant intestinal microbiota development by identifying the obstacles. Crit Rev Microbiol 2019; 45:613-648. [DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2019.1680601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmy Van Daele
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Knol
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Gut Biology and Microbiology, Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Effects of Macrolide Treatment during the Hospitalization of Children with Childhood Wheezing Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7110432. [PMID: 30423980 PMCID: PMC6262331 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Children are susceptible to a variety of respiratory infections. Wheezing is a common sign presented by children with respiratory infections. Asthma, bronchiolitis, and bronchitis are common causes of childhood wheezing disease (CWD) and are regarded as overlapping disease spectra. Macrolides are common antimicrobial agents with anti-inflammatory effects. We conducted a comprehensive literature search and a systematic review of studies that investigated the influences of macrolide treatment on CWD. The primary outcomes were the impact of macrolides on hospitalization courses of patients with CWD. Data pertaining to the study population, macrolide treatment, hospital courses, and recurrences were analyzed. Twenty-three studies with a combined study population of 2210 patients were included in the systematic review. Any kind of benefit from macrolide treatment was observed in approximately two-thirds of the studies (15/23). Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis to investigate the influence of macrolides on the length of stay (LOS), duration of oxygen demand (DOD), symptoms and signs of respiratory distress, and re-admission rates. Although the benefits of macrolide treatment were reported in several of the studies, no significant differences in LOS, DOD, symptoms and signs of respiratory distress, or re-admission rates were observed in patients undergoing macrolide treatment. In conclusion, any kind of benefit of macrolide treatment was observed in approximately two-thirds of the studies; however, no obvious benefits of macrolide treatment were observed in the hospitalization courses of children with CWD. The routine use of macrolides to improve the hospitalization course of children with CWD is not suggested.
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Oosterloo BC, van Elburg RM, Rutten NB, Bunkers CM, Crijns CE, Meijssen CB, Oudshoorn JH, Rijkers GT, van der Ent CK, Vlieger AM. Wheezing and infantile colic are associated with neonatal antibiotic treatment. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:151-158. [PMID: 29314334 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cohort studies have suggested that early-life antibiotic treatment is associated with increased risk of atopy. We determined whether antibiotic treatment already in the first week of life increases the risk of atopic and non-atopic disorders. METHODS The INCA study is a prospective observational birth cohort study of 436 term infants, with follow-up of 1 year; 151 neonates received broad-spectrum antibiotics for suspected neonatal infection (AB+), vs a healthy untreated control group (N = 285; AB-). In the first year, parents recorded daily (non-) allergic symptoms. At 1 year, doctors' diagnoses were registered and a blood sample was taken (n = 205). RESULTS Incidence of wheezing in the first year was higher in AB+ than AB- (41.0% vs 30.5%, P = .026; aOR 1.56 [95%CI 0.99-2.46, P = .06]). Infantile colics were more prevalent in AB+ compared to AB- (21.9% and 14.4% P = .048), and antibiotic treatment was an independent risk factor for infantile colics (aOR 1.66 (95%CI 1.00-2.77) P = .05). Allergic sensitization (Phadiatop >0.70kUA/L) showed a trend toward a higher risk in AB+ (aOR 3.26 (95%CI 0.95-11.13) P = .06). Incidence of eczema, infections, and GP visits in the first year were similar in AB+ and AB-. CONCLUSION Antibiotic treatment in the first week of life is associated with an increased risk of wheezing and infantile colics. This study may provide a rationale for early cessation of antibiotics in neonates without proven or probable infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthe C Oosterloo
- Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ruurd M van Elburg
- Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Nutricia Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ger T Rijkers
- St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.,University College Roosevelt, Middelburg, the Netherlands
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