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Khurana K, Kumar M, Bansal N. Lacidipine Attenuates Symptoms of Nicotine Withdrawal in Mice. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1920-1936. [PMID: 34613588 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine-withdrawal after daily exposure manifests somatic and affective symptom including a range of cognitive deficits. Earlier studies suggested participation of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) in development of nicotine dependence and expression of withdrawal signs. An upsurge in Ca2+-induced oxidative stress in brain underlies the biochemical events and behavioral signs of nicotine-withdrawal. The present study is aimed to explore the effects of lacidipine (LTCC antagonist) against nicotine-withdrawal. Swiss albino mice were administered ( -)-nicotine hydrogen tartrate (3.35 mg/kg, t.i.d.) from days 1 to 7 and alongside lacidipine (0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg, i.p.) given from days 1 to 14. Somatic withdrawal signs were noted 48 h after last dose of nicotine. Bay-K8644 (LTCC agonist) was administered in mice subjected to nicotine-withdrawal and lacidipine (3 mg/kg) treatments. Behavioral tests of memory, anxiety, and depression were conducted on days 13 and 14 to assess the effects of lacidipine on affective symptoms of nicotine-withdrawal. Biomarkers of oxido-nitrosative were quantified in the whole brain. Nicotine-withdrawal significantly enhanced somatic signs and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and memory impairment in mice. Lacidipine (1 and 3 mg/kg) attenuated nicotine-withdrawal induced somatic symptoms and also ameliorated behavioral abnormalities. Nicotine-withdrawal triggered an upsurge in brain lipid peroxidation, total nitrite content, and decline in antioxidants, and these effects were attenuated by lacidipine. Bay-K8644 significantly abolished improvement in somatic and affective symptoms, and antioxidant effects by lacidipine in mice subjected to nicotine-withdrawal. Lacidipine mitigated nicotine-withdrawal triggered somatic and affective symptoms owing to decrease in brain oxido-nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Khurana
- I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala (Punjab) 144603, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela (Ropar) 140111, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy, Bela (Ropar) 140111, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University (CBLU), Bhiwani, Haryana, 127021, India.
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Farah R, Shurtz-Swirski R, Khamisy-Farah R. Lercanidipine effect on polymorphonuclear leukocyte-related inflammation and insulin resistance in essential hypertension patients. Cardiol Ther 2012; 1:4. [PMID: 25135158 PMCID: PMC4107444 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-012-0004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress (OS) are among the mechanisms that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension (EH). Peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) are primed in EH patients, releasing uncontrolled superoxide anions contributing to OS in these patients. PMNL priming correlates with insulin resistance and PMNL intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)]i). Recent studies have attributed additional anti-ischemic and antioxidative characteristics to the antihypertensive drug, lercanidipine, a third-generation calcium-channel blocker. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible nontraditional effect of 2 months of lercanidipine treatment on insulin resistance and on PMNL-related inflammation in EH patients. METHODS Non-smoking EH patients with untreated mild-to-moderate high blood pressure (BP) were included. Low-grade inflammation was reflected by PMNL apoptosis and by white blood cell (WBC) and PMNL counts. Systemic inflammation was measured by plasma fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and transferrin and albumin levels. Fasting serum insulin levels served as a marker of insulin resistance. RESULTS Two months of lercanidipine treatment showed a significant decrease in BP, WBC, and PMNL counts, PMNL apoptosis, CRP, and serum insulin levels, and a significant increase in serum albumin levels. Rates of superoxide release from PMNLs, WBC and PMNL counts, and insulin levels positively correlated with mean arterial BP values. CONCLUSION The use of lercanidipine can be favorable in EH patients due to its combined anti-PMNL priming and anti-inflammatory effects, in addition to its antihypertensive characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Farah
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel,
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Chen JH, Riazy M, Smith EM, Proud CG, Steinbrecher UP, Duronio V. Oxidized LDL-Mediated Macrophage Survival Involves Elongation Factor-2 Kinase. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:92-8. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.108.174599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny H. Chen
- From the Department of Medicine (J.H.C., M.R., U.P.S., V.D.), University of British Columbia, and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Genome Damage and Stability Centre (E.M.S.), University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; and the School of Biological Sciences (C.G.P.), University of Southampton, UK
| | - Maziar Riazy
- From the Department of Medicine (J.H.C., M.R., U.P.S., V.D.), University of British Columbia, and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Genome Damage and Stability Centre (E.M.S.), University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; and the School of Biological Sciences (C.G.P.), University of Southampton, UK
| | - Ewan M. Smith
- From the Department of Medicine (J.H.C., M.R., U.P.S., V.D.), University of British Columbia, and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Genome Damage and Stability Centre (E.M.S.), University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; and the School of Biological Sciences (C.G.P.), University of Southampton, UK
| | - Christopher G. Proud
- From the Department of Medicine (J.H.C., M.R., U.P.S., V.D.), University of British Columbia, and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Genome Damage and Stability Centre (E.M.S.), University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; and the School of Biological Sciences (C.G.P.), University of Southampton, UK
| | - Urs P. Steinbrecher
- From the Department of Medicine (J.H.C., M.R., U.P.S., V.D.), University of British Columbia, and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Genome Damage and Stability Centre (E.M.S.), University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; and the School of Biological Sciences (C.G.P.), University of Southampton, UK
| | - Vincent Duronio
- From the Department of Medicine (J.H.C., M.R., U.P.S., V.D.), University of British Columbia, and Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Genome Damage and Stability Centre (E.M.S.), University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, UK; and the School of Biological Sciences (C.G.P.), University of Southampton, UK
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Berkels R, Breitenbach T, Bartels H, Taubert D, Rosenkranz A, Klaus W, Roesen R. Different antioxidative potencies of dihydropyridine calcium channel modulators in various models. Vascul Pharmacol 2005; 42:145-52. [PMID: 15820440 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2004.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2003] [Accepted: 08/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that dihydropyridine calcium antagonists (DHP) play a beneficial role during the development of atherosclerosis. Since antioxidative properties of this substance class may be important, we investigated the antioxidative potency of the DHP prototype calcium channel antagonist nifedipine, the long acting calcium channel antagonist lacidipine, the DHP calcium channel agonist Bay K 8644 and the bulky DHP derivate Bay O 5572 (negligible effects on L-type calcium channels) in three different models. Additionally, we examined the potential correlation between lipophilic and antioxidative properties. In an in vitro model, Bay K 8644 was significantly more effective in scavenging superoxide anions (hypoxanthine/xanthine-oxidase-assay) than lacidipine, Bay O 5572 or nifedipine (micro- to millimolar concentration range). Addition of artificial membrane preparations (dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine) to mimic a physiological environment resulted in an enhanced antioxidative effect, with lacidipine being the most effective DHP to quench radicals (low micromolar concentration range). Thirdly, in a more physiological model of hyperglycemia (30 mmol/l) induced release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from native endothelial cells of porcine coronary arteries, we showed that nifedipine was a significantly more potent antioxidant (therapeutical nanomolar concentration range) than the other DHP. Calculation of the lipophilicity of the four substances (lacidipine>Bay O 5572>Bay K 8644>nifedipine) showed a positive correlation between the antioxidative potency and the lipophilicity in the model with the artificial membranes but not in the other models. We conclude that it seems necessary to access antioxidative properties of substances in physiological models in which we could demonstrate that nifedipine exhibits ROS-quenching properties in a therapeutic concentration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Berkels
- Department of Pharmacology, University Hospital Cologne, Gleueler Str. 24, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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Park JK, Fiebeler A, Muller DN, Mervaala EMA, Dechend R, Abou-Rebyeh F, Luft FC, Haller H. Lacidipine inhibits adhesion molecule and oxidase expression independent of blood pressure reduction in angiotensin-induced vascular injury. Hypertension 2002; 39:685-9. [PMID: 11882631 DOI: 10.1161/hy0202.103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dihydropyridines can inhibit gene expression in-vitro and may have a protective vascular effect independent of blood pressure reduction. We tested the hypothesis that lacidipine prevents induction of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), influences leukocyte adhesion and infiltration, inhibits nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB transcription factor activity, and ameliorates end-organ damage in a transgenic rat model of angiotensin (Ang) II--dependent organ sclerosis. We treated rats transgenic for human renin and angiotensinogen (dTGR) from week 4 to 7 with lacidipine (0.3 or 3 mg/kg by gavage). Blood pressure was measured by tail cuff. Organ damage was assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Adhesion molecules and cytokines were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Transcription factors were analyzed by mobility shift assays. Untreated dTGR developed moderate hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and severe renal damage with albuminuria. Lacidipine decreased blood pressure slightly at the low dose and substantially at the higher dose. However, both treatments reduced albuminuria and plasma creatinine to the same degree (P<0.05). Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was markedly reduced by lacidipine as well as renal neutrophil and monocyte infiltration. Lacidipine reduced mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphorylation and iNOS expression in both cortex and medulla. NF-kappaB and AP-1 were activated in dTGR but reduced by lacidipine. Lacidipine ameliorates Ang II-induced end-organ damage independent of blood pressure lowering, perhaps by inhibiting the MAP kinase pathway and NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Keun Park
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School Hannover, Germany
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